电子自旋辅助实现光子偏振态的量子纠缠浓缩

量子纠缠浓缩可以将非最大的纠缠态转变为最大纠缠态,提高量子通信的安全性.本文基于圆偏振光和量子点-腔系统的相互作用,用一个单光子作为连接远距离纠缠光子对的桥梁,在理想条件下实现了光子偏振纠缠态的浓缩.计算结果显示,这个纠缠浓缩方案在考虑耦合强度和腔泄漏的情况下也可以保持较高的保真度,而且不需要知道部分纠缠态的初始信息,也不必重复执行纠缠浓缩过程.这不仅提高了量子纠缠浓缩的安全性,也有助于通过消耗最少的量子资源来实现高效的量子信息处理.     

Amplification of entangled states of squeezed light

Two amplification schemes are considered for entangled squeezed states of light, including an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled state of continuous variables (EPR pair): propagation in a nonlinear medium and reflection from a cavity. Both schemes make use of a parametric process that can be implemented in a periodic nonlinear medium. The existence of an integral of motion makes it possible to amplify an entangled state of light while preserving the initial entanglement. To analyze the cavity-based scheme, a master equation is derived for the density matrix of the field inside the cavity. The feasibility of amplification that preserves entanglement of an EPR pair is demonstrated for this scheme.     

Macroscopic entanglement on a hybrid quantum circuit

A scheme is proposed to deterministically create maximal entanglement between hybrid artificial atoms: superconducting charge and flux qubits. By tuning the circuit, the two qubits are dynamically decoupled and entanglement can be long-lived. This provides a new version of the Einstein-Podolsdy-Rosen (EPR) situation where the components of a macroscopic EPR pair are in opposite regimes.     

基于腔QED的多用户间的多原子量子信道的建立

提出基于腔QED技术的多用户间的多原子W态和GHZ态量子信道的建立方案.在量子网络的空闲时段,各个用户和量子交换机共享EPR对.量子交换机通过原子和腔场的相互作用将两个EPR对制备成W态,再与另一个EPR对进行纠缠交换,经过直接测量后为用户建立三原子W态量子信道;同时讨论了四用户间的W态量子信道的建立方案.量子交换机对三个EPR对进行纠缠交换,将三个原子同时与腔场作用,经过直接测量后为用户建立三原子GHZ态量子信道;并将此方法推广到N个用户间的GHZ态量子信道的建立. 关键词： 腔QED 量子信道 量子交换机 纠缠交换     

Deterministic generation of entangled photons by cavity-assisted interactions through adiabatic passage

We propose a deterministic scheme for generation of highly entangled photon states using a high-Q two-mode optical cavity and the dark state evolution. Because of the adiabatic operation, our proposal is robust to ambient noise, and the relevant dynamics is insensitive to the randomness of moderate fluctuations regarding experimental parameters. Our scheme not only works deterministically, but also has the advantage of achieving highly entangled photons by adiabatically increasing or decreasing the Rabi frequencies regarding the classical driving pulses, which would be practical in real implementation. Our scheme can also be extended to generation of multiphoton entanglement.     

Transformation of bipartite non-maximally entangled states into a tripartite W state in cavity QED

We present two schemes for transforming bipartite non-maximally entangled states into a W state in cavity QED system, by using highly detuned interactions and the resonant interactions between two-level atoms and a single-mode cavity field. A tri-atom W state can be generated by adjusting the interaction times between atoms and the cavity mode. These schemes demonstrate that two bipartite non-maximally entangled states can be merged into a maximally entangled W state. So the scheme can, in some sense, be regarded as an entanglement concentration process. The experimental feasibility of the schemes is also discussed.     

利用纠缠交换制备原子-原子最大纠缠态

基于腔量子电动力学(QED)提出一种利用两对纠缠的级联型三能级原子与单模腔场系统制备原子-原子最大纠缠态的简单方案,最初两原子之间、两腔场之间互不纠缠,使其中一个原子与一个腔场发生作用,即纠缠交换,该过程仅需对单个腔场态测量就可实现从未有直接作用的两个原子之间的纠缠,精确控制原子与腔场的相互作用时间可获得具有最大保真度的纠缠态.该方案可以延长腔的有效泄漏时间,从而能有效克服光腔的消相干的影响,这样大大降低了系统对腔的品质的要求.     

远程制备双原子纠缠态

提出一种远程制备双原子纠缠态的方案,该方案基于两个原子与单模腔场的同时非共振相互作用.由于双粒子纠缠态比三粒子纠缠态容易制备,方案用两对双原子纠缠态作为量子通道.Alice 拥有的两个相同原子同时与一单模腔场非共振相互作用.Alice已知她要制备的纠缠态,她选择适当的相互作用时间、测量她所拥有的两个原子并通过经典通道通知Bob.Bob引入一个相同的辅助原子和一个单模腔场来实现方案.方案对腔场状态和腔损耗不敏感,基于当前的腔QED 技术,方案能在实验上实现.该方案有望在量子信息过程中有重要的应用价值.     

两腔级联纠缠增强的理论分析

高纠缠度的纠缠源是实现高保真度量子信息传输与处理的保障,因为受到光学元器件自身性能不完美的限制,通过有效的操控手段来提高光场的纠缠度是十分必要的.连续变量Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen纠缠态光场可以利用工作在阈值以下的非简并光学参量放大器来获得.将两个非简并光学参量放大器级联,可以利用第二个光学腔来操控第一个光学腔输出的纠缠态光场,在一定条件下实现光场的纠缠增强.本文通过理论分析设计出两种光学腔级联的实验系统,其中,纠缠产生装置采用具有三共振结构的半整块驻波腔,输出到目前为止世界上单腔获得两组份纠缠态光场纠缠度的最高值,操控光学腔采用驻波腔或四镜环形腔的结构.详细对比分析了不同结构的操控腔对纠缠增强效果的影响,得出利用不同腔形作为操控腔的最佳实验方案.同时分析了级联腔输出光场的纠缠度随不同物理参量的变化关系,得出进一步优化的最佳实验系统参量,为实验获得更高纠缠度的纠缠态光场提供了依据.     

Bell's inequality and universal quantum gates in a cold-atom chiral fermionic p-wave superfluid

We propose and analyze a probabilistic scheme to entangle two spatially separated topological qubits in a p{x}+ip{y} superfluid using controlled collisions between atoms in movable dipole traps and unpaired atoms inside vortex cores in the superfluid. We discuss how to test the violation of Bell's inequality with the generated entanglement. A set of universal quantum gates is shown to be implementable deterministically using the entanglement despite the fact that the entangled states can be created only probabilistically.     

利用两能级原子与腔场相互作用实现纠缠压缩态的纠缠浓缩

根据大失谐条件下原子-腔场相互作用的特点,讨论了一个制备纠缠压缩态的方法,提出了一个利用两能级原子与腔场相互作用实现纠缠压缩态纠缠浓缩的方案。在这个方案中,两束具有相同振幅但有着 相位差的压缩光 和 构成的纠缠态光场被用来作为量子信道。通过利用两能级原子与腔场的相互作用以及两模正交态测量实现了这个纠缠浓缩的过程。结果表明：对于纠缠压缩态,无论其初始的纠缠是多么微弱,利用这种方法总有一定的几率可以从部分纠缠态中提取出最大纠缠态。     

基于GHZ纠缠态实现纯EPR对的双向量子隐形传态

提出了一种基于Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)纠缠态进行纯EPR对双向隐形传态的方案.通过使用纠缠交换技术,通信双方Alice和Bob共享两对三粒子GHZ纠缠态来构建量子信道.方案中通过使用受控非门操作,单量子位测量以及适当的幺正操作,通信双方可以同时发送一个纯EPR对给对方.故相比仅可以传送单一量子态的方案更经济.     

Deterministic Tripartite Controlled Remote State Preparation

We demonstrate that a seven-qubit entangled state can be used to realize the deterministic tripartite controlled remote state preparation by performing only Pauli operations and single-qubit measurements. In our scheme, three distant senders can simultaneously and deterministically exchange their quantum state with the other senders under the control of the supervisor.     

Entanglement swapping between atom and cavity and generation of entangled state of cavity fields

This paper proposes a scheme where entanglement swapping between atom and cavity can be realized. \Lambda -type three-level atoms interacting resonantly with cavity field are considered. By detecting atom and cavity field, it realizes entanglement swapping between atom and cavity. It uses the technique of entanglement swapping to generate an entangled state of two cavity fields by measuring on atoms. It discusses the experimental feasibility of the proposed scheme and application of entangled state of cavity fields.     

Extended entanglement to quantum networks

Connecting individual quantum systems through quantum channels leads to develop quantum networks crucial to perform multipartite communication or quantum cryptography. We present two techniques to generate entanglement among different parties at larger scale. In the first approach cavity QED technique is used to produce extended entanglement in atomic internal and external degrees of freedom. In this scheme we entangle two tagged atoms in their momentum state with cavity fields. Later, interaction of two auxiliary atoms with the two cavity fields in non-dispersive and dispersive fashion transforms the atoms–fields entanglement to atoms–atoms entanglement. Quantum measurement on auxiliary atoms generates extended entangled state in atomic degrees of freedom. In the second approach we take three cavities in which the two cavities have separate entangled state with third cavity in two modes which are distinguishable. Applying quantum measurement process on third cavity, we develop extended entangled state among the three cavities. We provide experimental parameters to realize the work in laboratory experiment.     

Scheme for Concentration of Unknown Greeberger-Horne-Zeilinger Entangled States via Cavity Decay

We present a scheme for entanglement concentration of an unknown atomic non-maximally entangled GHZ state via cavity decay. In the scheme, the atom trapped in a cavity is manipulated by laser field, so the maximally entangled GHZ state can be obtained by performing certain operation, which can be realized by illuminating the atom in a cavity. Our method is robust against spontaneous atomic decay.     

Scheme for Teleportation of a Multipartite Quantum State by Using a Single Entangled Pair as Quantum Channel

We present a theoretical scheme for perfect teleportation of an unknown multipartite two-level state by a single EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) pair,and then generalize it to multilevel,i.e.,an N-quNit state can be teleported by a single quNit entangled pair,with additional local unitary operations.The feature of the scheme is that teleporting a multipartite state with a reduced amount of entanglement costs less classical bits.     

Controlled Entanglement Swapping for Continuous Variables

We propose a scheme for controlled entanglement swapping of continuous variable, where an EPR pair shared by two parties （Alice and Debbie） and a GHZ entangled state shared by three parties （Alice, Bob and Claire） are required. One optical beams of the EPR state will be entangled with the output mode displaced by Bob with the help of Claire. It is shown that the entanglement swapping can occur controlled by the third party （Claire）     

Preparation of Two atoms Entangled States via the Quantized Cavity Field Resonant Interaction with AtomSupported by the Young Core Teacher and Domestic Visitor Foundation of the Education Committee of Hunan Province.

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Recovery of entanglement lost in entanglement manipulation

When an entangled state is transformed into another one with probability one by local operations and classical communication, the quantity of entanglement decreases. This Letter shows that entanglement lost in the manipulation can be partially recovered by an auxiliary entangled pair. As an application, a maximally entangled pair can be obtained from two partially entangled pairs with probability one. Finally, this recovery scheme reveals a fundamental property of entanglement relevant to the existence of incomparable states.