<Emphasis Type="Italic">Akusticheskii Zhurnal</Emphasis> and the Andreev Acoustics Institute

In 2003, the Andreev Acoustics Institute celebrated its 50th birthday. The formation of the institute in the framework of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which occurred in 1953, lead to the appearance of the Akusticheskii Zhurnal (Acoustical Physics). This journal always reflected the main achievements of the scientists from the Acoustics Institute. The leading scientists of the institute, in their turn, always took an active part in the work of the editorial board of the journal. In the present paper, the history of the Acoustics Institute is briefly reviewed and its current areas of research are outlined. The role of the institute in the development of acoustical research in Russia is discussed.     

Information for Contributors

1 Chinese Journal of Acoustics is the publication of the Acoustical Society of China and The Institute of Acoustics, Academia Sinica, to promote the international understanding and collaboration in the field of acoustics. It publishes original works in all branches of acoustics in China. Contributions from invited guests and friends overseas are also solicited. 2 Contributed papers submitted for publication in the Journal should be original, unpub-     

Information for Contributors

1 Chinese Journal of Acoustics is the publication of the Acoustical Society of China and The Institute of Acoustics,Academia Sinica,to promote the international understanding and collaboration in the field of acoustics.It publishes original works in all branches of acoustics in China.Contributions from invited guests and friends overseas are also solicited.     

Information for Contributors

<正>1 Chinese Journal of Acoustics is the publication of the Acoustical Society of China and the Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, to promote the international understanding and collaboration in the field of acoustics. It publishes original works in all branches of acoustics in China. Contributions from invited guests and friends overseas are also solicited.     

The mechanism of ultrasonic cutting

In spite of the fact that ultrasonic machining has been widely used in industry, the mechanism of the process is far from being clear. This paper contains the results of the theoretical and experimental investigations into the physics of ultrasonic cutting carried out in the Acoustics Institute of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences in recent years.

The paper was presented at the 1964 symposium of the Professional Group on Sonics and Ultrasonics of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers     

Experimental analysis on air-to-water sound transmission loss in shallow water

The research of propagation characteristics of air-to-water sound transmission is of great importance to the detection of aerial targets from underwater.In order to study the propagation characteristics of air-to-water sound transmission in shallow water,State Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,conducted an experiment in the South China Sea in March,2013.During the experiment,multi-frequency signals transmitted by a hooter hung on a research ship were received by an underwater hydrophone,and the distance between the hooter and the hydrophone was from 2.4 km to 9.8 km approximately.Through analyzing experimental data in this work,the experimental air-to-water transmission loss at frequencies128 Hz and 256 Hz is estimated up to 9.8 km in range,and its oscillation structure is evident.The wave-number integration approach is used to simulate theoretical air-to-water transmission losses,which are in good agreement with experimental values and to explain the experimental air-to-water sound transmission characteristics.     

Evolution of high-intensity focusing systems for different applications in medicine (Review)

The evolution of high-intensity focusing systems for application in medicine has been outlined from their introduction (in the 1950s) to date. This work is in fact a review with two sections. The focusing systems for medical application discussed under the first section are based on using single focusing transducers with a radiating element shaped as a section of a spherical shell. Attention is mainly given to the devices developed at the Andreev Acoustics Institute in the 1970s–1980s; focusing systems developed abroad in the past few decades and most widely clinically used are also briefly discussed there. The second section of the review is devoted to focusing systems based on phased arrays which allow users not only to electronically steer the focus within a selected range, but also, especially importantly for various medical applications, to simultaneously create several foci. The main attention under the second section is given to the two-dimensional phased arrays with randomized location of elements on the surface, which the Acoustics Institute developed in active collaboration with others. It has been shown that irregularity in the location of elements either substantially improves the quality of spatial intensity distributions by reducing the level of secondary maxima of intensity in the array-induced fields or allows to considerably reduce the number of elements in the array with the same quality of distributions. The paper discusses principles of designing such arrays, methods of their calculations and possible applications.     

混响感知的听觉心理

综述了中国传媒大学传播声学研究所近年来在混响的主观感知机理上的研究工作和进展,涉及混响感的语意调查与分析,音乐听闻的混响偏爱度实验,混响感的差别阈限,混响感的因素分析,以及混响处理与音乐情感之间的相互影响等研究结果。对混响感知的研究对进一步探究在有界空间中主观听感的生理心理机制是十分有启发的。     

空气中声源激发浅海水下声场传播特性的实验研究

为了获得空气中远距离声源激发水下声场的精细结构,2013年3月,声场声信息国家重点实验室在南海海域进行了一次空气中声源激发水下声场的实验。采用汽笛作为空气声源,海底放置水听器作为接收,在实验过程中,发射船由距离水听器2.4 km处行驶至9.8 km。本文对该次实验数据进行分析,获得了收发距离远达9.8 km、频率分别为128 Hz和256 Hz的声传播损失曲线,该曲线随传播距离变化存在清晰的震荡结构.利用波数积分方法计算实验环境下的水下声场理论值,并对获得的声场传播特性进行了较好的物理解释。      

微束辐照装置及其在生物和材料领域中的应用

自从20世纪50年代开始利用微束辐照生物活细胞以来,由于微束独特的辐照特征, 其在生物学、 材料学、 生物医学、航空航天科学、环境科学、地质学、微加工等领域得到了广泛的应用。 在前人大量研究的基础上, 对微束装置及其应用进行总结概括。 展望了微束的发展趋势并简单介绍中国科学院近代物理研究所正在兴建的中高能重离子微束辐照装置。 Collimated proton microbeam has been used to irradiate the biological living cells since 1850s. Due to its unique characteristic in irradiation, microbeam has been extensively applied to many research fields,such as biology, material science, biomedicine,aeronautics and stronautics, environmental science, geology,micromachining and so on. Based on the much research of predecessors, the microbeam facilities and their corresponding applications are summarized in this paper. At last,prospects on the development trend of microbeam are made, and the intermediate energy and high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation facility being constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences is briefly introduced.     

The possibility of parametric control by means of the directional radiation patterns of antenna arrays

Acoustics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 712–718, June, 1990.     

Progresses and advances in Arctic underwater acoustics study

As a part of underwater acoustics, the study and development of Arctic Acoustics is later than underwater acoustics about several hundred years. After World War II, the study of Arctic Acoustics attracts many interests by some developed countries, especially U.S. and pre-Soviet Union. The research works obviously have some kinds of cold war brand. After the Cold War, with the gradual warming trend of Arctic area, the ocean acoustic environment in Arctic and its adjacent area have been considerably concerned. The 8 countries of Arctic rim organized exclusive "Arctic Council" in 1996. The white paper of "China Arctic Policy"was published in January 26, 2018, the Chinese government declared that China is a close Arctic country, and is the responsible stakeholder of Arctic interests. The new advances in Arctic research works axe introduced in this paper, including the results of scientific survey and studies about Arctic underwater acoustics of Chinese researchers. It is showed that the Arctic underwater acoustical research area is not only parallely copy the topics what traditional underwater acoustics covered, e.g. environment noise,reverberation,and propagation, but also the topics which is specifically based on the Arctic environment. Some of these research fields cannot be included in the traditional shallow water, deep water acoustics, e.g. the ice-water interface feature, ice covered semi-acoustic channel effect, the communication and navigation of UUV in the condition of under ice, and the adaptation of sonar technique, equipment in the ice-covered environment, etc.     

Shirshov Oceanology Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Acoustical Society invite specialists to the XI Brekhovskikh’s Workshop on Ocean Acoustics and the XVII Session of the Russian Acoustical Society dedicated to the memory of Academician L.M. Brekhovskikh

Information

Shirshov Oceanology Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Acoustical Society invite specialists to the XI Brekhovskikh’s Workshop on Ocean Acoustics and the XVII Session of the Russian Acoustical Society dedicated to the memory of Academician L.M. Brekhovskikh     

Nonequilibrium Phenomena: Outlines and bibliographies of a workshop

The following is a set of outlines and bibliographies for lectures presented at a Summer Workshop on Nonequilibrium Phenomena held from June 22 to July 3, 1981 at the Institute for Theoretical Physics in Santa Barbara. These outlines were distributed to the participants in lieu of formal proceedings, and they are being presented for publication in the same form, in the belief that the information they contain will be useful to a wider audience. It should be clearly stated, however, that the compilation is an informal one which does not claim to be a complete survey of the subject.     

Fundamental nuclear physics research at RFNC VNIIEF over 60 years

The role of fundamental nuclear physics research in development of nuclear weapons is considered. The main characteristics of the experimental facilities of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center, All-Russia Research Institute of Experimental Physics are reported.     

Reflections and recommendations on writing textbooks in the course of a career in academia

The genesis of this paper was notification to the author that he would receive the 2010 Rossing Prize in Acoustics Education, which carried the responsibility of giving a lecture at a meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. He decided to draw on his remembrances of writing several textbooks during a 40 year career as a professor to discuss the facets of writing that a faculty member might encounter. This paper is an expanded version of that lecture [J. H. Ginsberg, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128, 2389 (2010)]. An opening section elucidating the author's experiences as an author is followed by a discussion intended to motivate and encourage those who are undecided about taking on this activity. Suggestions are offered as to how to organize and proceed through a writing project as well as what elements should be included. An explanation of the author's role in the process of producing a printed textbook is provided. Guidance is offered as to how one can focus on writing a book in the face of teaching, research, and personal responsibilities. The closure discusses current trends that endanger the ongoing flow of high quality textbooks.     

《Room Acoustics》

<正>CRC Press,Talor&Francis Group,ISBN:978-1-4822-6043-4(Hardback),2017,6th Ed.This book represents a classical text in room acoustics-its original edition having been first pubfished in 1973.The author was a chair professor at the Institute of Technical Acoustics,the Technical University in Aachenl Germany since 1972 until his retirement in 1995.The author of the book intends to introduce the     

Features of Sound Diffraction by a Noise Absorbing Screen

Computer simulation results for the absorption capacity of a semi-infinite noise screen with the absorbing layer are presented. The screen efficiency was determined depending on the location of the sound source and the sound frequency. The influence of the size of the absorbing layer on the noise screen’s efficiency is analyzed. It is shown that there is an optimal size of the absorbing layer for which the absorption of the screen will be maximum. The article was prepared based on materials in a report at the Third All-Russian Acoustics Conference (September 21–25, 2020, St. Petersburg).