Fundamentals of a modified model of the distribution of neutron-resonance widths and results of its application in the mass-number range of 35 ≤ A ≤ 249

A modified model is developed for describing the distribution of random resonance width for any nuclei. The model assumes the coexistence in a nucleus of one or several partial radiative and neutron amplitudes for respective resonance widths, these amplitudes differing in their parameters. Also, it is assumed that amplitude can be described by a Gaussian curve characterized by a nonzero mean value and a variance not equal to unity and that their most probable values can be obtained with the highest reliability from approximations of cumulative sums of respective widths. An analysis of data for 157 sets of neutron widths for 0 ≤ l ≤ 3 and for 56 sets of total radiative widths has been performed to date. The basic result of this analysis is the following: both for neutron and for total radiative widths, the experimental set of resonance width can be represented with a rather high probability in the form of a superposition of k ≤ 4 types differing in mean amplitude parameters.     

Magnetization of type-ii superconductors in the range of fields H c 1 ≤ H ≤ H c 2Variational Method

A variational method is proposed to find the magnetic field dependence of the magnetization of type-II superconductors in the mixed state by a self-consistent technique. This model allows for suppression of the order parameter to zero at the centers of Abrikosov vortices and also for the magnetic field dependence of the order parameter. The results can be applied to the entire range of fields H _c 1 ≤ H ≤ H _c 2 for any values of the Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\kappa > 1/\sqrt 2$ . It is shown that in weak fields where κ ? 1 the behavior of the magnetization can be described exactly in the London approximation provided that the correct value of H _c 1 is used. Near the second critical field this dependence shows good agreement with the well-known Abrikosov result. It is also shown that using the concept of isolated vortices and applying the principle of superposition of the fields and currents generated by these vortices to calculate the magnetization gives inaccurate quantitative results even in fairly weak fields. By going beyond these concepts, it was possible to allow more accurately for the influence of the vortex cores on the magnetization behavior in the intermediate range of fields H _c 1 ?H ? H _c 2 and to identify the range of validity of various approximations used widely in the literature.     

Transport properties of the single-crystal La2−xBaxCuO4 (0≤x≤0.11)

We report on the temperature dependence of the in-plane electrical resistivity ρ_ab and the in-plane Hall coefficient R_H in various magnetic fields of the single-crystal La_2−xBa_xCuO₄ with x=0.083 and 0.11. In x=0.11, which is close to x=1/8, where the superconductivity is strongly suppressed, a clear jump in ρ_ab and a drop in R_H have been observed at T_d2∼53 K, where the structural phase transition between the orthorhombic mid-temperature and tetragonal low-temperature phases occurs. Moreover, a sign reversal of R_H has been observed below ∼25 K and the magnitude of the sign reversal increases with increasing magnetic field. In x=0.083, on the other hand, there is neither jump in ρ_ab nor drop in R_H at T_d2, and also no sign reversal in R_H at low temperatures even in magnetic fields up to 9 T. In conclusion, there is no doubt that a static stripe order of holes and spins, observed in La_1.6−xNd_0.4Sr_xCuO₄ with x∼1/8, is formed below T_d2 also in La_2−xBa_xCuO₄ with x∼1/8. The R_H in the stripe-ordered state has a negative value, which is consistent with the recent theory by Prelovšek et al.     

Calculation of the ground state energy of neutral atoms (Z ≤ 54) by the algebraic variant of the Hartree-Fock method

High-precision calculations of the ground-state energy of atoms He through Xe are performed in the algebraic approximation of the Hartree-Fock method. The orbital exponents of Slater-type basis functions are optimized using the second-order minimization methods, which allows the virial theorem to be fulfilled to within 10^?15–10^?17 for the first time. The energies of atoms calculated with rather limited basis sets are, in terms of accuracy, as good as the results obtained by using the numerical procedure for solving the Hartree-Fock equations.     

An anomaly in the magnetic susceptibility of the Mg1−x CuxO solid solutions with 0.01≤x≤0.20

The problem of localized superconductivity has motivated the preparation of Mg_1−x Cu_xO solid solutions with NaCl structure and 0.01≤x≤0.20, as well as a study of the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility χ in the 2–400 K temperature range and in magnetic fields of up to 5 T. The temperature dependence of χ is described for all compositions by the Curie-Weiss law, χ = C/(T − θ), where the constant C is close to the value calculated for each composition for μ_eff = 1.7–1.9μ_B, and θ is close to zero. For T < 30 K, χ(T) deviates for all compositions toward lower χ, which can be attributed to magnetic ordering of exchange-coupled clusters in the solid solution. At T∼320–330 K, an anomaly of a diamagnetic type, i.e., a decrease of χ by 6–30% of its paramagnetic value, has been observed for all compositions against the background of the generally paramagnetic χ(T). A discussion is presented of alternative reasons for this anomaly and of its possible connection with localized superconductivity. __________ Translated from Fizika Tverdogo Tela, Vol. 42, No. 4, 2000, pp. 701–703. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2000 by Samokhvalov, Arbuzova, Viglin, Naumov, Smolyak, Korolev, Lobachevskaya.     

K-doping effect of the superconductivity in K2xFeTe1-xSx (0.07≤x≤0.3)

Bulk samples of K doping K_2xFeTe_1-xS_x with x = 0.07, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 are successfully prepared by using easy-to-use stable compound K₂S as the reactant. The lattice constant calculated from X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that K ions enter the Fe-Te-S layers. K doping is beneficial enhance the superconductivity transition temperature from the R-T curves. The apparent diamagnetic signal is observed in M-T curves when the content of K is smaller than 0.1. However, differential curves (dM/dT) in K-rich samples appear sharp slope mutations, which means that the Meissner effect signal is covered by the increased excess ferromagnetic ions. The number of excess Fe magnetic ions is proportional to K content, which may play an important role in determining the superconductivity.     

Influence of Ambient Atmosphere on the Plasmon Resonance Absorption of Ag／SiOx（0≤x≤2） Nanocomposite Film

Nanocomposite films consisting of nanosized Ag particles embedded in partially oxidized amorphous Si-containing matrices were prepared by radio frequency magnetron co-sputtering deposition.We studied the influence of ambient atmosphere during the preparation and heat-treatment of Ag/SiOx(0≤x≤2) nanocomposite film on its optical absorption properties.We found that the plasmon resonance absorption peak shifts to shorter wavelengths with the increasing oxygen content in the SiOx matrix.The analysis indicates that the potential barrier between Ag nanoparticles and SiOx matrix increases with the increasing x value,which will induce the surface resonance state to shift to higher energy.The electrons in the vicinity of the Fermi level of Ag nanoparticles must absorb more energy to be transferred to the surface resonance state with the increasing x value.It was also found that the plasmon resonance absorption peaks of the samples annealed in different ambient atmospheres are located at about the same position.This is because the oxidation surface layer is dense enough to prevent the oxygen from peretration into the sample to oxidize the silicon in the inner layer.     

Fock space resolutions of the Virasoro highest weight modules withc ≤ 1

We extend Felder's construction of Fock space resolutions for the Virasoro minimal models to all irreducible modules withc1. In particular, we provide resolutions for the representations corresponding to the boundary and exterior of the Kac table.Supported by the NSF Grant #PHY-88-04561.Supported in part by the Department of Energy Contract #DE-FG03-84ER-40168 and by the USC Faculty Research and Innovation Fund.     

M1 transition energy and rate in the ground configuration of Ag-like ions with 62 ≤ Z ≤ 94

Systematic calculations and assessments are performed for the magnetic dipole(M1)transition energies and rates between the ²F^o_5/2,7/2 levels in the ground configuration 4d104f along the Ag-like isoelectronic sequence with 62≤Z≤94 based on the second-order many-body perturbation theory implemented in the Flexible Atomic Code.The electron correlations,Breit interaction and quantum electrodynamics effects are taken into account in the present calculations.The accuracy and reliability of our results are evaluated through comprehensive comparisons with available measurements and other theoretical results.For transition energies,our results are in good agreement with the recent experimental data obtained from the electron beam ion traps within 0.18%.The maximum discrepancy between our results and those obtained with the large-scale multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartee–Fock calculations by Grumer et al.[Phys.Rev.A 89062501(2014)]is less than 0.13%along the isoelectronic sequence.Furthermore,the corresponding M1 transition rates are also reported.The present results can be used as the benchmark and useful for spectra simulation and diagnostics of astrophysical and fusion plasmas.     

Effect of Nd on the Superconductivity of Nd1+x Ba2-x Cu3O y with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.35

The effect of Nd substitution at the Ba sites has been studied in Nd_1+x Ba_2-x Cu₃O _y system for 0.1 x 0.35. Orthorhombic to tetragonal structural phase transition occurs at about x = 0.17. With the increase of Nd, the T _c value decreases and T increases, where T is the difference between the onset and critical temperatures and indicates the sharpness of the transition. These changes are explained by ac-susceptibility measurements on Nd_1.1Ba_1.9Cu₃O_7.12 at 0.10 Oe. The susceptibility curves show the presence of about four phases, which are not detectable by X-ray diffraction technique.     

Effect of the Chemical Composition of TlIn1 – xErxS2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.01) Crystals on Their Dielectric Characteristics and the Parameters of Localized States

Physics of the Solid State - The frequency dependences of the real (ε') and imaginary (ε'') parts of the complex dielectric permittivity, the dielectric loss tangent...     

K Shell and L Subshell Photoeffect Cross-Sections of Some Elements in the Atomic Range 50≤Z≤65 at 59.5 keV

In this study,K and L shell photoeffect cross-sections were measured for the elements in the range of 50≤Z≤65at 59.5keV.These photoeffect cross-sections were measured by using the experimentalσKαproduction cross-section values measured in this paper and two different K shell fluorescence yield values in the literature.The results were compared with the calculated theoretical values.The values were plotted versus atomic number.     

Features of magnetic properties of La x MnO3 + δ (0.815 ≤ x ≤ 1.0)

Magnetic and resonance studies of the system of polycrystalline samples of self-doped manganites La _x MnO_{3 + δ} (x = 0.815, 0.90, 0.94, 0.97, and 1.0) have been performed in a temperature range of 77–300 K. According to ⁵⁵Mn NMR data, all samples contain a ferromagnetic phase at 77 K. As the defect density increases (x changes from 1.0 to 0.815), samples become more magnetically ordered. In this case, the ferromagnetic state of the system gradually changes from a mixed state in which both ferromagnetic insulating (basic) and ferromagnetic metal (for x = 0.97 and 1.0) phases coexist to only the ferromagnetic metal state (for x = 0.815 and 0.90). It has been shown that both ferromagnetic metal and ferromagnetic insulating phases are inhomogeneous, and either phase consists of two phases with different dynamics of nuclear spins and different Curie temperatures. The diagram of the magnetic phase state of the La _x MnO_{3 + δ} system (x = 0.815, 0.90, 0.94, 0.97, 1.0) has been constructed for a temperature range of 120–240 K and Mn⁴⁺ contents of 12–30%.     

Temperature Dependence of the Lattice Parameters of Cu2 – xSe (0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.23) Powders Fabricated by Mechanochemical Synthesis

Physics of the Solid State - Abstract—The Cu2&nbsp;–&nbsp;xSe (0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.23) powders fabricated by mechanochemical synthesis have been studied by X-ray...     

The influence of praseodymium concentration on the luminescence properties of Ca1 ? x Pr x F2 + x (0.002 ≤ x ≤0.35)

The possibility of implementing photon cascade emission in CaF₂-PrF₃ crystals by increasing the PrF₃ concentration in the CaF₂ matrix is studied. It is shown that an increase in the Pr³⁺ content leads to redistribution of radiative transitions in favor of the ¹ S ₀-luminescence. The decrease in the efficiency of the second step of photon cascade emission at high PrF₃ concentrations is caused by quenching of the ³ P ₀ ?? 4f ² transitions as a result of cross relaxation.     

The interpretation of the C metric. The charged case whene 2 ≤m 2

The charged C metric involves three parametersm, e andA representing mass, charge and acceleration respectively. Using a method developed in a previous paper, we show that whene ² m ² the metric may be interpreted in terms of two Reissner-Nordström particles, each of massm and with charges +e and –e, in accelerated motion and connected by a spring. The method depends on the fact that for certain regions of the coordinate space the charged C metric may be transformed into the Weyl form for a static axisymmetric system. In this form the horizons of the C metric become line sources. One of the regions leads to a Weyl metric with two line sources, one of finite length which corresponds to the outer horizon of a Reissner-Nordström particle and the other semi-infinite corresponding to a horizon associated with uniform accelerated motion. A further coordinate transformation leads to a metric valid for a larger region of space-time in which there are two charged particles in accelerated motion. WhenAm is small, the electromagnetic invariants approximate to those for the Born field for two accelerated charges in special relativity.     

Spectral Properties of the Linearized Boltzmann Operator in L p for 1≤p≤∞

The spectrum of both classical and relativistic Boltzmann operator for hard interactions in a whole space is shown to be independent of p in L ^p for 1≤p<∞. It consists of a half-plane $\operatorname{Re} \lambda\leq -\nu_{0}$ and countably many branches in the strip $-\nu_{0}<\operatorname{Re} \lambda \leq0$ . Moreover the resolvent set is independent of p for all 1≤p≤∞ but in L ^∞ this operator possesses in addition to the continuous also an uncountable set of point spectrum.     

Dynamical Structure of A≤4 Λ Hypernuclei

Based on variational method,we systematically studied the dynamical structures of A≤4 S shell Λ hypernuclei with the aid of the harmonic oscillator product expansions and the generalized Talmi-Moshinsiky transformation.We also made investigations on structures of the osdinary nuclei for A=2 and 3. By comparis on,we can see that the root mean distances between nucleons are shorten due to the presence Λ hyperon which compresses the core. Λ hyperon acts as the adhesive. The studies on internal structures of nuclear system show that the relative motions between particles are mainly in 0s orbits.     

Electronic States near the Fermi Level in the Antiferromagnetic and Ferromagnetic Spinels of Zn 1− x Cu x Cr 2 Se 4 ; 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0

The electronic states of normal-type spinels in Zn 1 m x Cu x Cr 2 Se 4 have been studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy near the K-edge of Zn, Cu, Cr and Se ions. It is found that characteristic white lines occur near the X-ray absorption threshold for Zn and Se ions, but not for Cu and Cr ions. It is also found that the white lines show a slight energy shift, which depends on the Cu concentration. The energy shifts mean that Fermi level gradually approaches the top region of the valence band of Se 2 m , on increasing the Cu ions. The substitution of Zn 2+ with Cu 1+ ions increases the number of positive carriers, holes. The holes occupying the top region of the valence band strongly correlate with Cr 4+ , which forms an empty orbital in the 3d-band of Cr 3+ and exchanges the valence electrons with Cr 3+ . It is interpreted that the ferromagnetism in Zn 1 m x Cu x Cr 2 Se 4 is made by double-exchange interaction between Cr 3+ and Cr 4+ ions and that holes contribute to the electronic conductivity of Zn 1 m x Cu x Cr 2 Se 4 .