Momentum transport from nonlinear mode coupling of magnetic fluctuations

A cause of observed anomalous plasma momentum transport in a reversed-field pinch is determined experimentally. Magnetohydrodynamic theory predicts that nonlinear interactions involving triplets of tearing modes produce internal torques that redistribute momentum. Evidence for the nonlinear torque is acquired by detecting the correlation of momentum redistribution with the mode triplets, with the elimination of one of the modes in the triplet, and with the external driving of one of the modes.     

Generation and amplification of magnetic islands by drift interchange turbulence

We investigate the multiscale nonlinear dynamics of a linearly stable or unstable tearing mode with small-scale interchange turbulence using 2D MHD numerical simulations. For a stable tearing mode, the nonlinear beating of the fastest growing small-scale interchange modes drives a magnetic island with an enhanced growth rate to a saturated size that is proportional to the turbulence generated anomalous diffusion. For a linearly unstable tearing mode the island saturation size scales inversely as one-fourth power of the linear tearing growth rate in accordance with weak turbulence theory predictions. Turbulence is also seen to introduce significant modifications in the flow patterns surrounding the magnetic island.     

输运与撕裂模相互作用下等离子体的时空结构

本文应用等离子体一维输运模型与撕裂模理论,对于不同的输运模型和托卡马克放电参数下撕裂模的演变进行了数值研究。结果表明,能量过程是影响等离子体宏观稳定性行为的一个不可低估的重要因素,它们与磁流体稳定性的相互影响,会使其磁流体形态构成多种时间或空间结构,等离子体温度、密度等宏观参量也将表现出不同的时空特征。 关键词：     

Effect of trapped energetic ions on MHD activity in spherical tori

It is shown that the increase of β (the ratio of plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure) may change the character of the influence of trapped energetic ions on MHD stability in spherical tori. Namely, the energetic ions, which stabilize MHD modes (such as the ideal kink mode, collisionless tearing mode and semi-collisional tearing mode) at low β, have a destabilizing influence at high β unless the radial distribution of the energetic ions is very peaked.     

托卡马克等离子体内部输运垒触发机制的数值模拟和并行效率

对托卡马克等离子体内部输运垒触发机制的动力学特征进行了数值模拟,通过区域分解法实现了数值模拟程序并行化,并行效率随计算机规模的增加而提高,结果与理论分析相吻合.并行模拟程序也适合MHD非线性撕裂模的数值求解.     

HL-1M装置撕裂模不稳定性的相位比对法研究

采用相位比对法模拟分析了HL-1M装置的磁扰动模式,模拟结果同预期的一致。在具有撕裂模不稳定性的典型放电中,探测到独立模m=2、3、4,耦合模m=2、3,并与用空间傅立叶分析方法得到的扰动模式的分析结果进行了比较。讨论了这些方法在实验分析中的可行性和有效性。     

Influence of energetic ions on tearing modes

In contrast with the stability effects of trapped energetic ions on tearing modes, the effects of circulating energetic ions (CEI) on tearing modes depend on the toroidal circulating direction, and are closely related to the momentum of energetic ions. CEI provide an additional source or sink of momentum to affect tearing modes. For co-CEI, tearing modes can be stabilized if the momentum of energetic ions is large enough. On the other hand, the growth of tearing modes can be enhanced by counter-CEI. Further, a possibility to suppress the island growth of neoclassical tearing modes by co-CEI is pointed out.     

Effects of resonant magnetic perturbation on the instability of single tearing mode with non-shear flow

Non-shear flow can change the O-point position of a magnetic island, and thus it may play an important role in the effects of resonant magnetic perturbation(RMP) on the single tearing mode. We employ the nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics model in a slab geometry to investigate how RMP affects the single tearing mode instability with non-shear flow. It is found that the driving and suppressing effects of RMP on single tearing mode instability will appear alternately. When the flow velocity is small, the suppressing effect plays a major role through the development of the mode, and the tearing mode instability will be suppressed. With the flow velocity increasing, the driving effect will increase, while the suppressing effect will decrease. When the two effects reach equilibrium, the tearing mode will become stable.     

基于微扰守恒模型的磁流体模拟并行计算

基于微扰形式的守恒磁流体方程,采用基于通量向量分裂(FVS)以及加权本质无振荡格式(WENO)的有限差分方法,发展了平板位形下的非线性磁流体模拟程序.程序准确地模拟了开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性和单撕裂模不稳定性.采用MPI和OpenMP的并行计算框架,使得程序可以在多节点上运行.在并行计算过程中采用负载均衡化,对各个节点...     

Cause of sudden magnetic reconnection in a laboratory plasma

The cause for sudden reconnection in reversed field pinch plasmas is determined experimentally for two cases: large reconnection events (the sawtooth crash) and small reconnection events during improved confinement. We measure the term in the MHD equations which represents the driving (or damping) of edge tearing modes due to the axisymmetric magnetic field. The term is negative for large reconnection events (the modes are stable, implying that reconnection may be driven by nonlinear coupling to other modes) and positive for small reconnection events (modes are unstable, reconnection is spontaneous).     

Nonlinear evolution of q=1 triple tearing modes in a tokamak plasma

In magnetic configurations with two or three q=1 (with q being the safety factor) resonant surfaces in a tokamak plasma, resistive magnetohydrodynamic modes with poloidal mode numbers m much larger than 1 are found to be linearly unstable. It is found that these high-m double or triple tearing modes significantly enhance through nonlinear interactions the growth of the m=1 mode. This may account for the sudden onset of the internal resistive kink, i.e., the fast sawtooth trigger. Based on the subsequent reconnection dynamics that can proceed without formation of the m=1 islands, it is proposed that high-m triple tearing modes are a possible mechanism for precursor-free partial collapses during sawtooth oscillations.     

托卡马克中撕裂模的抑制

本文分析与计算了共振螺旋场对自发撕裂模的抑制作用。通过解电阻MHD方程证实了螺旋场能使m=2的撕裂模增长速度减慢一倍左右。同时也讨论和计算了边界控制场对撕裂模的抑制作用。 关键词：     

粘滞效应对非线性电阻撕裂模的影响

本文研究粘滞效应对非线性电阻撕裂模的影响。利用准环坐标将具有标量电阻率和粘滞系数的MHD方程简化为一组无量纲的非线性方程。并对这组方程采用二步交替隐式差分格式进行数值计算。结果给出了2/1模的演变过程对无量纲粘滞系数的依赖关系和电流密度的分布。发现粘滞效应对饱和磁岛宽度的修正大约为5％(此时R=10~(-5)),同时发现由于粘滞效应的引入导致电流分布在奇异面附近的涨落明显减小。     

Measurement of the current sheet during magnetic reconnection in a toroidal plasma

The current and magnetic-field fluctuations associated with magnetic-field-line reconnection have been measured in the reversed field pinch plasma configuration. The current sheet resulting from this reconnection has been measured. The current layer is radially broad, comparable to a magnetic-island width, as may be expected from current transport along magnetic-field lines. It is much larger than that predicted by resistive MHD for linear tearing modes and larger than prediction from two-fluid linear theory.     

外部驱动电流抑制双撕裂模的发展

在Hall MHD方程组中引入外部驱动电流项,数值模拟外部驱动电流对双撕裂模不稳定性的影响.结果表明,在x点加入反向外部驱动电流对撕裂模的发展有抑制作用,周期性的外部驱动电流对双撕裂模不稳定性的抑制效果较好,能控制磁岛的尺度在相互驱动的临界尺度以下,避免发生双撕裂模非线性磁场重联的爆发,随着驱动电流周期变大抑制效果变坏,在一定限度内随着驱动电流强度增大抑制效果变好,在一定范围内随着驱动电流宽度变小抑制效果变好.     

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From the point of view of resistive MHD theory, the linear resistive tearing mode model in the low β plasma with macroscopic axial motion of plasma was deduced in a cylindrical geometry. Numerical study shows that the axial velocity of the plasma itself has a stable effect on tearing mode and the axial velocity shear role is not obvious. Analyses indicate that the axial motion reduces the tearing mode growth rate by changing the phase difference between the plasma potential perturbation and magnetic flux perturbation (deviating from π/2), and results in a lower tearing mode frequency.     

等离子体轴向运动对撕裂模不稳定性影响研究

从电阻磁流体模型出发,详细推导了柱形位形下低β等离子体中包括等离子体宏观轴向运动效应的电阻性撕裂模线性不稳定性理论。数值研究发现：等离子体轴向运动速度本身对撕裂模具有明显的稳定作用,而轴向运动速度剪切的作用并不明显。分析表明：轴向运动通过改变扰动势函数和磁通函数之间的相位差(偏离π/2)来降低撕裂模增长率,同时产生一个较低的撕裂模频率。     

非线性撕裂模的时间演化

本文在有理面附近的局域近似下,从MHD方程出发,求出了非线性撕裂模的时间演化的解析结果。大体可划分为三个阶段:线性增长,由非线性因素导致饱和,最终过渡到一个与初始条件无关的非线性特解,并与原有的线性及非线性撕裂模的解析结果进行了比较,在线性近似下可退化到经典的结果。由本文结论还可解释托卡马克的大破裂中的有关现象。 关键词：     

新经典MHD效应与内扭曲模本征方程

本文从一简化的新经典ＭＨＤ方程组出发，利用气球模表示及多尺度近似等方法，在ｑ＝１磁面附近的过渡层内导出了包含新经典ＭＨＤ效应的内扭曲模本征方程。与从前相关工作的比较表明，新经典ＭＨＤ效应对通常采用的磁流体或电阻磁流体内扭曲模本征方程，均产生十分重要的修正。     

The influence of mode coupling on the non-linear evolution of tearing modes

On the basis of tearing mode theory a simple but physically explicit model of the evolution of toroidally coupled rotating magnetic islands has been developed. The basic mechanism identified by the model in the island evolution is the locking in phase of rotating islands that leads to rapid destabilisation of an initially stable mode. Destabilisation of marginally stable (2, 1) and (3, 1) modes is analysed in several scenarios. It is shown that mode coupling is an effective way of destabilising a m=3 island in a low- plasma. The numerical examples presented show the individual roles of coupling, inertia and a resistive wall. The model was applied for the analysis of MHD observations of an ASDEX discharge. Received 4 May 1999 and Received in final form 23 July 1999