Collision-induced vibrational energy transfer: K2[1(1) sigmau+ (nu'=2)]+He, H2-->K2[1(1) sigmau+(nu'=1,3)]+He, H2

Collisional energy transfer processes K2[1(1) sigmau+ (nu'=2)]+He, H2-->K2[1(1) sigmau+(nu'=1,3)]+He, H2 were studied by laser induced fluorescence under gas cell conditions. During the experiments, the cell temperature was kept constant at 420K. The buffer gas pressure was varied over the range from 40 to 250 Pa, Kz molecules were irradiated with pulses of radiation from an OPO laser, populating K2[1(1) sigmau+ (nu'=2)] by photon absorption. The resulting fluorescence included the direct component emitted in the decay of the optically excited state and the sensitized components arising from collisionally populated states. The decay signal of time-resolved fluorescence from 1(1) sigmau+ (nu'=2)]-->1(1) sigmag+(nu"=0) transition was monitored. In the early period after excitation, only very little population in states v'= 1 or 3 had yet accumulated, the rate of collisional activation to the state nu'=2 was negligible. The decay curve of the nu' = 2-->nu" = 0 was treated as a single exponential function. From the measurement of the time-resolved fluorescence, the semilog plot was shown. The slope yielded the effective lifetime of the nu' = 2--> nu' = 0 transition. Based on the Stern-Volmer equation, the radiative lifetime (36 +/- 7) ns was obtained. The total cross sections for deactivation of 1(1) sigmau1 (nu'=2) state by means of collisions with He and H2 are (3.0 +/- 0.5) x 10(-16) cm2 and (6.4 +/- 1.2) x 10(-15) cm2, respectively. The radiative lifetimes of 1(1) sigmau+(nu' = 1,3) states can also be determined through time-resolved fluorescence in pure K vapor. The time-integrated intensities of 1(1)sigmau+(nu' = 1,2,3)-->1(1) sigmag+(nu"=0) transition at different He or Hz pressure were measured. The ratio of fluorescence intensities versus 1/P(He, H2) can be fitted by a straight line. The slopes yield the cross sections sigma(nu'=2-->nu'=1) = (1.4 +/- 0.5) x 10(-16) cm2 and (3.2 +/- 1.0) x 10(-15) cm2; sigma(nu'=2-->nu'=3)= (1.2 +/- 0.4) x 10(-16) cm2 and (2.6 +/- 0.9) x 10(-15) cm2 for He and H2, respectively. Cross sections for the effective quenching of the nu' = 1,2,3 states were also determined. To our knowledge, the cross-sections for these processes are reported for first time.     

考虑自旋-轨道耦合效应下SeH^-阴离子的光谱和跃迁性质

采用高精度的从头算方法研究了SeH阴离子的基态(X1∑+)和低激发(a3Π,A1Π,b3∑+,21∑+)的势能曲线、偶极矩和跃迁偶极矩.在计算中考虑了价-芯(CV)电子关联、Davidson修正、标量相对论修正和自旋-轨道耦合效应(SOC).考虑了SOC效应后,b3∑0-+和b3∑1+态变为了弱束缚态.计算得到a3Π1X1∑0++,a3Π0+■X1∑0++和A1Π1■X1∑0++跃迁具有很大的跃迁偶极矩.这三种跃迁都同时具有高对角分布的弗兰克-康登因子f00及振动分支比R00.计算得到了a3Π1,a3Π0和A1Π1激发态的自发辐射寿命都很短,能够实现对SeH-阴离子的快速激光冷却.A1Π1■X1∑0-+跃迁为三能级跃迁,中间态的存在对构建准闭合的循环能级的影响可以忽略.驱动a3Π1■X1∑0++,a3Π0+■X1∑0++和A1Π1■X1∑0++跃迁进行激光冷却SeH-阴离子的激光波长都在可见光范围内.本文的结果为以后激光冷却SeH-阴离子的实验提供了部分理论参考.     

Observation of two-proton radioactivity of 19Mg by tracking the decay products

We have observed the two-proton radioactivity of the previously unknown (19)Mg ground state by tracking the decay products in-flight. For the first time, the trajectories of the 2p-decay products, (17)Ne+p+p, have been measured by using tracking microstrip detectors which allowed us to reconstruct the 2p-decay vertices and fragment correlations. The half-life of (19)Mg deduced from the measured vertex distribution is 4.0(15) ps in the system of (19)Mg. The Q value of the 2p decay of the (19)Mg ground state inferred from the measured p-p-(17)Ne correlations is 0.75(5) MeV.     

"Safe" Coulomb excitation of 30Mg

We report on the first radioactive beam experiment performed at the recently commissioned REX-ISOLDE facility at CERN in conjunction with the highly efficient gamma spectrometer MINIBALL. Using 30Mg ions accelerated to an energy of 2.25 MeV/u together with a thin (nat)Ni target, Coulomb excitation of the first excited 2+ states of the projectile and target nuclei well below the Coulomb barrier was observed. From the measured relative deexcitation gamma-ray yields the B(E2;0(+)gs-->2(+)1) value of 30Mg was determined to be 241(31)e2 fm4. Our result is lower than values obtained at projectile fragmentation facilities using the intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation method, and confirms the theoretical conjecture that the neutron-rich magnesium isotope 30Mg resides outside the "island of inversion."     

N2O+离子A2Σ+电子态的光解动力学研究

用一束波长为360.55nm的激光，通过N2O分子的（3+1）共振多光子电离（REMPI）过程制备纯净且布居完全处于X2Π(000)态的母体离子N2O+，然后用另一束波长在275—328nm范围内的可调谐激光将制备的N2O+离子激发至预解离电子态A2Σ+.实验发现，由于解离碎片NO+所具有的一定的反冲速度，其TOF质谱峰明显比N2O+母体宽.通过分析NO+碎片TOF质谱峰形状，得到了解离产物的总平均平动能〈ET〉；通过考察〈ET〉随光解能量的变化，发现光解能量在32000cm-1附近约250cm-1的变化 关键词： N2O+离子A2Σ+态 TOF质谱峰 预解离机理     

CN~+离子电子结构和跃迁性质的理论研究

采用多组态参考相互作用方法和AV5Z-DK基组对CN~+离子的两个解离极限C~+(~2P_u)+N(~2D_u)和C~+(~2P_u)+N(~4S_u)下的X~1Σ~+、a~3Π、~1Δ和A~1四个电子态的势能曲线、永久偶极矩和振动能级进行了计算.为保证计算结果的精确性,在计算中考虑了Davidson修正.基于求得的势能曲线,数值求解一维径向薛定谔方程得到了各个电子态的光谱数据,并与实验值和已有的理论值吻合较好.除此之外,对A~1Π→X~1Σ~+和1~1Δ?A1~Π的跃迁性质进行了研究,同时通过跃迁的弗兰克-康登因子及辐射寿命,对CN~+离子激光冷却的可行性进行了分析.     

ANALYSIS OF F′0+u ION-PAIR STATE OF IODINE

The optical-optical double resonant multiphoton ionization (OODR-MPI) technique and the fluorescent excitation spectroscopy technique have been applied to the study of the F′0⁺_u ion-pair state of iodine. This paper presents OODR-MPI spectrum and fluorescent excitation spectrum of I₂ in the region of 54000-55300cm^-1 by the three-photon resonant, two-photon ionization (1+2+2) and (1+(1+1)+2) processes.     

Studies on heteronuclear diatomic molecular dissociation energies using algebraic energy method

The algebraic energy method (AEM) is applied to the study of molecular dissociation energy $D_e$ for 11 heteronuclear diatomic electronic states: $a^3\Sigma^+$ state of NaK, $X^2\Sigma^+$ state of XeBr, $X^2\Sigma^+$ state of HgI, $X^1\Sigma^+$ state of LiH, $A^3\Pi(1)$ state of ICl, $X^1\Sigma^+$ state of CsH, $A(^3\Pi_1)$ and $B0^+(^3\Pi)$ states of ClF, $2^1\Pi$ state of KRb, $X^1\Sigma^+$ state of CO, and $c^3\Sigma^+$ state of NaK molecule. The results show that the values of $D_e$ computed by using the AEM are satisfactorily accurate compared with experimental ones. The AEM can serve as an economic and useful tool to generate a reliable $D_e$ within an allowed experimental error for the electronic states whose molecular dissociation energies are unavailable from the existing literature.     

pr3+ 激活的CaMoO4红色荧光粉的发光性质

采用高温固相法制备了稀土pr3+激活的Ca1-xPrxMoO4(0.005≤x≤0.02)系列红色荧光粉.荧光光谱表明:在453 nm激发下,样品产生了红光发射,其中对应于pr3+的特征跃迁3 P0→3F2位于654 nm的红色发射峰最强.分析了pr3的掺杂摩尔分数x对样品发光强度的影响,确定pr3+的最佳掺杂摩尔分数...     

Pu4+分子离子的几何构型与Jahn-Teller

在Pu原子的相对论有效原子实势近似下 ,用密度泛函B3LYP方法对Pu4 +分子离子的几何构型及其电子状态进行理论计算 ,得到了 6种稳定的几何构型 ,其中平面C2V结构最稳定 .Td 构型不能稳定存在 ,并详细讨论了Td 和D4h构型的Jahn Teller效应 ,讨论结果显示它们的各种畸变方式都符合群的分解原理 ,从而证明Pu4 +分子离子的Td 和D4h构型存在Jahn Teller效应     

Quadrupole deformation of the self-conjugate nucleus 72Kr

We report on the first determination of the absolute B(E2;0+(1)-->2+(1)) excitation strength in the N=Z nucleus 72Kr. 72Kr is the heaviest N=Z nucleus for which this quantity has been measured and provides a benchmark in a region of the nuclear chart dominated by rapidly changing deformations and shapes mediated by the interplay of strongly oblate and prolate-driving orbitals. The deduced quadrupole deformation strength is in agreement with a variety of self-consistent models that predict an oblate shape for the ground state of 72Kr. Large-scale shell-model Monte Carlo calculations reproduce the experimental B(E2) value and link the result to the occupation of the deformation-driving g9/2 orbit.     

LiCl~–阴离子的光谱性质和跃迁性质

采用多参考组态相互作用方法结合全电子基组计算了LiCl~-阴离子5个电子态(X~2Σ~+,A~2Π,B~2Σ~+,3~2Σ~+,2~2Π)的电子结构.为了得到精确的光谱常数,计算中考虑了Davidson修正、芯-价电子关联效应和自旋-轨道稱合效应.拟合得到各电子态的光谱常数、分子常数、自发辐射速率和自发辐射寿命.基态的光谱常数与实验值和其他理论值符合较好,同时报道了LiCl~-阴离子激发态的光谱常数以及其到基态的跃迁性质.计算结果表明A~2Π?X~2Σ~+跃迁具有高对角分布的弗兰克-康登因子f₀₀,第一激发态A~2Π有较短的自发辐射寿命.构造A~2Π(v’)? X~2Σ~+(v")准循环跃迁进行激光冷却LiCl~-阴离子需要一束主激光和两束抽运激光.以上结果预测了激光冷却LiCl~-阴离子是可行的.     

紫衫醇C13侧链的微观结构及光谱性质

本工作采用密度泛函B3LYP方法,在6-311+G*水平基组上对紫衫醇C13侧链(用M表示)分子离子基态进行了结构优化、频率、自然键原子轨道计算,得到其微观结构及相关性质,系统分析了体系的几何构型、原子的净电荷布局、前沿分子轨道特征,并对红外光谱特征峰进行了指认归属.结果表明:C13侧链分子离子稳定性顺序为:M-(1 A)M(2 A)M+(3 A),极性强弱是M+(3 A)M-(1 A)M(2 A),M+(3 A)的空间构型与M(2 A)相比在一些部位变化大,特别是在C1-C2位置,键长拉长很多而键角减小很多.净电荷、分子轨道特征分析一致确定Mn(n=0,1,-1)体系的酰胺、羟基、羧酸等基团是化学反应时的活性部位,能与亲核或亲电试剂反应,均是关键药效团的活性部位,这一结论与紫衫醇实验研究的构效关系结论一致.本研究成果为进一步研究紫衫醇C13侧链的修饰改造,合成更多高效低毒的紫衫醇类拟物提供可参考的理论基础和实验依据.     

Y~(3+)掺杂对Sr_(1-x)Ca_xSi_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)发光性能的影响

采用高温固相反应法制备了Sr_(1-x)Ca_xSi_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)系列荧光粉,研究Y~(3+)离子掺入对荧光粉发光性能的影响。对于Sr Si_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+),Y~(3+)离子掺入主要起到稳定Eu~(2+)价态的作用,避免Eu~(2+)氧化为Eu~(3+),从而提高Sr Si_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)的发光性能。对于Ca Sr Si_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+),Y~(3+)离子掺入除了稳定Eu~(2+)价态作用外,还能有效减小Eu~(2+)取代Ca~(2+)后晶格膨胀引起的应力,提高Eu~(2+)在晶格中的溶解度。Sr_(1-x)Ca_xSi_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)(x=0,0.15,0.3,0.6,0.75,0.95)系列荧光粉中随着Ca含量的增加,共掺Y~(3+)离子对样品发光强度的提高程度也随之增加(20%~80%)。     

Revisit to Two-Proton Radioactivity of 19Mg and Observation of Two-Proton Decay of 30Ar

An experiment aimed to investigate the two-proton (2p) decay of the previously unknown nucleus 30Ar was performed at GSI: By tracking the decay products in-flight with silicon micro-strip detectors, the 2p decays of 30Ar were observed for the first time. For the calibration purpose, 2p decays of 19Mg were also remeasured by tracking the coincident 17Ne+p+p trajectories. By comparing the measured angular p-17Ne correlations with those obtained from the corresponding Monte Carlo simulations, the simultaneous 2p decay of 19Mg ground state and the sequential 2p emission of several known excited states of 19Mg were confirmed. One new excited state in 19Mg and two new excited states in 18Na were observed.     

CuH~n(n=0,+1,+2)分子及离子的势能函数与垂直电离势(英文)

推导出了CuHn(n=0、+1、+2)的基态电子状态及其离解极限.基于SDD和6-311G**基组,用B3PW91方法计算了他们的平衡几何、电子状态,在此基础上分别计算了CuH,CuH+1的Murrell-Sorbie解析势能函数和CuH+2的解析势能函数及其对应的力常数、光谱参数.CuHn(n=+1,+2)离子的垂直电离势为:I+=-965.00eV,I++=-944.70eV.计算表明CuH+、CuH2+的势能曲线均具有对应于稳定平衡结构的极小点,说明CuH+、CuH2+可稳定存在.     

NH_3多光子电离和裂解动力学过程分析

本文分析了在XeCl准分子激光作用下NH_3分子的多光子电离质谱形成机理。所建立的动力学模型包括主要由经过中间态(6)和(1)的(2+1)共振多光子电离,生成NH_3~+;离子-分子反应形成大量的NH_4~+;经(6)态的(2+2)共振多光子电离,可能产生低产额的NH_2~+。这个模型的速率方程解与实验测量符合得很好,并在离子流强度对激光脉冲宽度的依赖关系中预示直接电离或间接电离机制的信息。     

Cu~+、Ag~+、Au~+与乙硫醇的气相化学反应

利用激光溅射 分子束的技术 ,结合反射飞行时间质谱计 ,研究了Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的气相化学反应。结果显示这三种金属离子与 (CH3 CH2 SH) n 反应形成一系列团簇离子M+(CH3 CH2 SH) n,且团簇离子尺寸不一样。Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的反应还生成了 (CH3 CH2 SH) +n ,由此推测Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇团簇的反应存在两种通道 ,一种通道是生成M+(CH3 CH2 SH) n,另一种是生成 (CH3 CH2 SH) +n 。Cu+、Au+与乙硫醇的反应还生成了M+(H2 S) (M =Cu、Au) ,但是实验中没有观察到Ag+(H2 S) ,理论计算表明Ag+(H2 S)很不稳定。另外 ,分析产物离子M+(CH3 CH2 SH) n 的强度发现 ,n =1～ 2之间存在明显的强度突变现象     

Majorana stellar representation for mixed-spin (s, 1/2) systems

By describing the evolution of a quantum state with the trajectories of the Majorana stars on a Bloch sphere,Majorana’s stellar representation provides an intuitive geometric perspective to comprehend the quantum system with highdimensional Hilbert space.However,the representation of a two-spin coupling system on a Bloch sphere has not been solved satisfactorily yet.Here,a practical method is presented to resolve the problem for the mixed-spin(s,1/2)system and describe the entanglement of the system.The system can be decomposed into two spins:spin-(s+1/2)and spin-(s?1/2)at the coupling bases,which can be regarded as independent spins.Besides,any pure state may be written as a superposition of two orthonormal states with one spin-(s+1/2)state and the other spin-(s?1/2)state.Thus,the whole initial state can be regarded as a state of a pseudo spin-1/2.In this way,the mixed spin decomposes into three spins.Therefore,the state can be represented by(2s+1)+(2s?1)+1=4s+1 sets of stars on a Bloch sphere.Finally,some examples are given to show symmetric patterns on the Bloch sphere and unveil the properties of the high-spin system by analyzing the trajectories of the Majorana stars on the Bloch sphere.