Virtual Photon Effects on Chaos in Generalized Lorenz-Haken Equation

The dynamics of an ensemble of two-level atoms injected into a single-mode cavity is studied in the exact atom-field interaction situation, in which the counter-rotating terms describing the so-called virtual photon processes neglected in the rotating-wave approximation, are considered. The cavity mode is driven by the injected classical field,and the atom is prepared in a coherent superposition of the two levels. We first derive the generalized Lorenz-Haken equation by using the technique of quantum Langevin equation, and then numerically study the dynamics of this equation.We find that the virtual photon processes have strong effects on the dynamics, which can cause the trajectory in phase space of strange attractor spiral around four focus points, and the trajectory is modulated by virtual photon processes.The chaos region in parameter space is now enlarged. It should be stressed that the strange attractor can exist in optical bistability, and whether the atomic coherences and classical field can inhibit chaos depends on the laser frequency.     

Virtual Photon Effects on Chaos in Generalized Lorenz-Haken Equation

The dynamics of an ensemble of two-level atoms injected into a single-mode cavity is studied in the exact atom-field interaction situation, in which the counter-rotating terms describing the so-called virtual photon processes neglected in the rotating-wave approximation, are considered. The cavity mode is driven by the injected classical field,and the atom is prepared in a coherent superposition of the two levels. We first derive the generalized Lorenz-Haken equation by using the technique of quantum Langevin equation, and then numerically study the dynamics of this equation.We find that the virtual photon processes have strong effects on the dynamics, which can cause the trajectory in phase space of strange attractor spiral around four focus points, and the trajectory is modulated by virtual photon processes.The chaos region in parameter space is now enlarged. It should be stressed that the strange attractor can exist in optical bistability, and whether the atomic coherences and classical field can inhibit chaos depends on the laser frequency.     

单个二能级超冷原子在多个单模腔场间的共振隧穿和光子辐射

考虑单个二能级超冷原子穿过多个空间分离的单模腔场，研究原子质心运动的动能、腔长和腔间距对原子透射率和光子辐射率的影响.在腔间距等于原子质心运动de Broglie波的半波长整数倍时，结果表明，原子透射率和光子辐射率在多腔系统中出现多共振峰结构.这一结果说明，可以通过一系列腔的安排在宏观上实现对超冷原子质心运动波函数的调制. 关键词： 超冷原子 单模腔场 共振隧穿     

Enission spectra Of aΞ-type three-1evel atom in a Kerr medium

We investigate the emission spectra of a Ξ-type three-level atom interacting with a single-mode optical field in an ideal cavity filled with a Kerr medium and discuss the structure of emission spectrum when the optical field is initially in a pure number state and a coherent state, respectively. It is shown that the structure of emission spectrum depends not only on the photon number distribution, but also on the strength of incident field and the coupling of Kerr medium to the field.     

原子在双腔场间的光子辐射

考虑单个二能级原子穿过两个空间分离的单模腔场,研究原子质心运动的动能、腔长和腔间距对原子的光子辐射率的影响.结果表明,在原子的动能较小时,光子辐射率在双腔系统中出现多共振峰结构并且这种共振峰的数目随腔间距的增大而增加,此时原子在第一个腔中的光子辐射率普遍大于在第二个腔中的;在原子的动能较大时,原子在第一个腔中的光子辐射率与第二个腔中的光子辐射率呈交替变化.该结果说明,可以通过控制原子的速度而对原子的光子辐射率进行调控. 关键词： 光子辐射率 单模腔场 二能级原子     

Tunable single-mode fiber-VCSEL using an intracavity polymer microlens

We report a tunable, single-mode vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) format suitable for array operation, power scaling, fiber coupling, and operation in isolated environments such as those required by atom optics. The devices are fiber VCSELs, consisting of a semiconductor gain and mirror structure separated from a mirror-coated optical fiber by an air (or vacuum) gap. The gain structure has polymer microlenses fabricated on its surface, of characteristics suitable to focus the oscillating mode on both cavity mirrors, ensuring stable fundamental mode emission and high fiber coupling efficiency. We demonstrate such devices in continuous-wave operation at 1.03 microm at room temperature, with a single-mode tuning range of 13 nm, laser threshold as low as 2.5 mW, and a maximum fiber-coupled output power of 10 mW.     

On the phase-space analysis of photon mediated quantum state transfer in nanophotonic waveguidance

A cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) based approach for transferring quantum state between quantum nodes has been proposed, wherein a rubidium (⁸⁷Rb) atom trapped inside a two-mode optical cavity forms the quantum node and photons serve as the information carrier between two such nodes. Information is encoded into polarized photon states generated through the application of a system of lasers. The focus is made on the phase-space analysis of the approach, wherein two subspaces of the hyperfine energy levels with magnetic sub-levels of rubidium (⁸⁷Rb) atom represent the logic states ‘0’ and ‘1’. The system of lasers initiates a cavity assisted Raman process which, in turn, generates a right- or left-circularly polarized photon depending on the logic state of the transmit node. Once the photon is received (at the receive node), the logic state of the transmit node is restored into the receive node through a cavity QED process.     

Resonator-aided single-atom detection on a microfabricated chip

We use an optical cavity to detect single atoms magnetically trapped on an atom chip. We implement the detection using both fluorescence into the cavity and atom-induced reduction in cavity transmission. In fluorescence, we register 2.0(2) photon counts per atom, which allows us to detect single atoms with 75% efficiency in 250 micros. In absorption, we measure transmission attenuation of 3.3(3)% per atom, which allows us to count small numbers of atoms with a resolution of about 1 atom.     

Model for Interaction Between Photon and Cold Atom in QED Cavity

A model has been established for the interaction between a single-mode optical field and a 2-energy-level cold atom with exact analytic solutions given. The processes of momentum and energy exchanges between the optical field and the cold atom due to the interaction between them are discussed in detail, and a formula has been given for the variation of momentum and energy exchange volumes with time t in dress state while both the effects of photon recoil and Doppler effect are taken into consideration.     

Generating and probing a two-photon fock state with a single atom in a cavity

A two-photon Fock state is prepared in a cavity sustaining a "source mode" and a "target mode," with a single circular Rydberg atom. In a third-order Raman process, the atom emits a photon in the target while scattering one photon from the source into the target. The final two-photon state is probed by measuring by Ramsey interferometry the cavity light shifts induced by the target field on the same atom. Extensions to other multiphoton processes and to a new type of micromaser are briefly discussed.     

基于法拉第旋转构造光子Bell态分析器和GHZ态分析器

基于偏振光被囚禁原子光腔反射后所获得的法拉第旋转构造了光子Bell态分析器和GHZ态分析器,并能实现非破坏地识别所有的光子Bell态和GHZ态.该方案不需要腔场的强耦合条件,在低品质光腔中也能实现,从而大大降低了实验难度.     

Vacuum-stimulated raman scattering based on adiabatic passage in a high-finesse optical cavity

We report on the first observation of stimulated Raman scattering from a Lambda-type three-level atom, where the stimulation is realized by the vacuum field of a high-finesse optical cavity. The scheme produces one intracavity photon by means of an adiabatic passage technique based on a counterintuitive interaction sequence between pump laser and cavity field. This photon leaves the cavity through the less-reflecting mirror. The emission rate shows a characteristic dependence on the cavity and pump detuning, and the observed spectra have a subnatural linewidth. The results are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations.     

劣腔内二能级原子的双光子共振荧光光谱

研究了劣腔内二能级原子与单模腔场的双光子相互作用，腔内原子受外加固相干光场驱动，并向一般真空态自发辐射，通过腔镜内腔内注入压缩真空态光场，使腔模向压缩真空态光场衰减，本文利用劣腔近似条件得到原子约化密度算符主方程，在此基础上讨论了二能级原子的双光子共振荧光光谱。     

光腔中两组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的受激辐射特性和量子相变

研究了单模光腔中两组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的基态性质和相关的量子相变.通过利用自旋相干态变换将等效赝自旋哈密顿算符对角化并求得基态能量泛函.基态能量泛函对其经典场变量进行变分并取极小值,得到光子数解和相边界曲线.通过稳定性讨论发现系统除了出现正常相和超辐射相之外,还得到了多稳的宏观量子态;受激辐射来自于原子数反转的集体态,单组分的Dicke系统中并没有此现象;受激辐射只能从一组分的原子中产生,而另外的仍保持在普通超辐射状态.通过调整相关的原子-场耦合强度和频率失谐,超辐射和受激辐射态的顺序可以在原子的两个组分之间互换.     

Doppler-Rabi oscillations of a moving atom due to the roentgen interaction in a cavity

The dynamics of energy exchange between an atom moving in a high-Q cavity and the cavity field is analyzed by taking into account the Roentgen interaction. A two-level atom coupled to a Fock or coherent state of an optical or microwave cavity is considered. The mean cavity photon number required for high-frequency Doppler-Rabi oscillations to occur is relatively high for both Fock-and coherent-state cavity fields and increases with the atomic transition frequency. Conditions are found when the Roentgen interaction plays a key role in the Doppler-Rabi oscillations and must be taken into account, in addition to the conventional electric field-dipole interaction.     

Transition from antibunching to bunching in cavity QED

The photon statistics of the light emitted from an atomic ensemble into a single field mode of an optical cavity is investigated as a function of the number of atoms. The light is produced in a Raman transition driven by a pump laser and the cavity vacuum, and a recycling laser is employed to repeat this process continuously. For weak driving, a smooth transition from antibunching to bunching is found for about one intracavity atom. Remarkably, the bunching peak develops within the antibunching dip. The observed behavior is well explained by a model describing an ensemble of independent emitters.     

三能级原子同单模腔场作用下的光子统计分布

本文用密度算符方法研究了级联工能级原子同单膜腔场的相互作用,求得了辐射场的光子数几率分布,并讨论了反聚束效应和不同偏调的影响.     

Generation of multi-atom W states via Raman transitionin an optical cavity

A simple scheme is proposed to generate the W state of N Λ-type neutral atoms trapped in an optical cavity via Raman transition. Conditional on no photon leakage from the cavity, the N-qubit W state can be prepared perfectly by turning on a classical coupling field for an appropriate time. Compared with the previous ones, our scheme requires neither individual laser addressing of the atoms, nor demand for controlling N atoms to go through an optical cavity simultaneously with a constant velocity. We investigate the influence of cavity decay using the quantum jump approach and show that the preparation time decreases and the success probability increases with atom number because of a collective enhancement of the coupling.     

Polarization-controlled single photons

Vacuum-stimulated Raman transitions are driven between two magnetic substates of a 87Rb atom strongly coupled to an optical cavity. A magnetic field lifts the degeneracy of these states, and the atom is alternately exposed to laser pulses of two different frequencies. This produces a stream of single photons with alternating circular polarization in a predetermined spatiotemporal mode. MHz repetition rates are possible as no recycling of the atom between photon generations is required. Photon indistinguishability is tested by time-resolved two-photon interference.     

Jaynes-Cummings photonic superlattices

A classical realization of the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model, describing the interaction of a two-level atom with a quantized cavity mode, is proposed based on light transport in engineered waveguide superlattices. The optical setting enables us to visualize in Fock space dynamical regimes not yet accessible in quantum systems, providing new physical insights into the deep strong coupling regime of the JC model. In particular, bouncing of photon number wave packets in Hilbert space and revivals of populations are explained as generalized Bloch oscillations in an inhomogeneous tight-binding lattice.