稀土丙酸盐的红外光谱研究

本文研究了La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y十三种稀土丙酸盐的FT-IR光谱, 对1800-100cm^-^1的主要红外吸收谱带进行了归属, 指认316-349cm^-^1的强吸收带为Ln-O键的伸缩振动带. 稀土丙酸盐红外光谱表明存在两种不同的羧基配位形式. 从La到Tm以及Y等十一种丙酸配合物的配位羧基具有对称的螯合双齿形式, 而对稀土Yb和Lu, 与中心离子配位的三个羧基中, 至少有一个羧基具有螯合桥式三齿配位形式. 结果还表明稀土丙酸盐Ln-O键基本上是离子键.     

链状钼硫, 钨硫原子簇合物的合成和成簇规律的研究

本文报道了不同酸性条件下合成的一系列链状钼硫、钨硫簇化合物, 发现硫代钼(钨)酸铵的成簇与酸的强度、浓度、H^+/M(M=Mo、W)比、溶剂、反应气氛密切相关。测定了四个新簇合物的晶体结构, 其中[MoW2S10]^2^-晶体是第一次报道的Mo-W-S混合簇化合物。     

含硅有机锗化合物的合成

报道了一类含硅有机锗化合物的合成。从Ｍｅ３ＳｉＣｌ，ＲＸ，ＧｅＯ２出发，经过氯化、格氏反应、亲核取代等反应，制得目标化合物－－二〔烃基二甲硅基甲基〕锗的二氯化物。它们的结构经元素分析和红外表征。     

含氮杂环三烃基锡衍生物的合成及其生物活性

本文合成了14个含氮杂环三烃基锡衍生物,红外光谱,核磁共振谱和质谱的研究表明三烃基锡-1,2,4-三氮唑为以氮原子作桥联的五配位聚合结构化合物,化合物的生物活性和生物选择性主要取决于锡原子上的三烃基。     

C~60的单原子碱金属化合物几何结构规律的量子化学研究

采用原子叠加和电子离域分子轨道处理(ASEO-MO)对碱金属原子在C~60分子内外所形成的MC~60进行了较详细的考察, 讨论了它们的几何结构规律和电子结构等性质。在MC~60(M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs)中Li原子的平衡位置将偏离C~60分子的中心, 而Na和K的平衡位置是在C~60分子的中心, 但Rb和Cs原子则在C~60分子外部将比在其内部稳定。由金属原子半径和C~60球半径的讨论, 从而预见哪些原子可以在C~60分子内部附加形成稳定的化合物。     

三水合稀土氯化物RECl3·3H2O的热化学研究

本文报道了一套化学反应绝热式热量计的设计和建立,用(HOCH_2)_3CNH_2与0.1mol·dm~3HCl的反应焓检验标定了热量计装置,测得ΔH_(208.15)=-245.41J·g~(-1),sdm=±0.24,与IUPAC的推荐值-245.76±0.26J·g~(-1)十分吻合,证明热量计和操作手续是可靠的。用这样的热量计测定了十一种三水合稀土氯化物RECl_3·3H_2O(RE=La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Er,Yb,Y)298.15K时在水中的积分溶解热(终浓度-0.01541mol·kg~(-1))。计算了这些水合物的标准生成焓和脱水焓。     

一些含半夹心结构VIB族金属的1, 1'-二硫(硒)二茂铁化合物的 合成

Cp^*Cr(NO)(CO)~2与Fe(C~5H~4S)~2S反应,形成氧化-还原产物Cp^*Cr(NO)(SC~5H~4)~2Fe(1)。双杂核二茂铁化合物Cp^*M(NO)(EC~5H~4)~2Fe[M=Mo,E=S(2a),Se(2b);M=W,E=S(4a),Se(4b)]、CpMo(NO)(SC~5H~4)~2Fe(3)、Cp~2Mo(SeC~5H~4)~2Fe(6)和Cp~2W(SC~5H~4)~2Fe(7)可通过Fe(C~5H~4ELi)~2.2THF(E=S,Se)与Cp^*M(NO)I~2(M=Mo,W)、[CpMo(MO)I~2]~2或Cp~2MCl~2(M=Mo,W)反应制得。三核杂原子二茂铁化合物[Cp^*Cr(NO)~2]~2(EC~5H~4)~2Fe[E=S(8a),Se(8b)],由Fe(C~5H~4ELi)~2.2THF(E=S,Se)与二倍摩尔量的Cp^*Cr(NO)~2I反应制备。通过AgBF~4氧化2a得到二茂铁离子型化合物[Cp^*Mo(NO)(SC~5H~4)~2Fe]^+BF~4^-(5)。采用元素分析、红外光谱、^1H和^1^3CNMR谱以及EI-MS表征了所合成的新型化合物。     

苯并15-冠-5与Na_2[M(SCN)_4](M=Pd,Pt)配合物的合成与结构

合成了苯并15-冠-5与Na_2[M(SCN)_4] (M = Pd, Pt)生成的配合物：[Na(B15- C-5)]_2[Pd(SCN)_4] (1), {[Na(B15-C-5)][Na(B15-C-5)(H_2O)]}[Pt(SCN)_4] (2)。1为单斜晶系，空间群P2_1/n，a = 1.0164(6) nm，b = 1.3743(3) nm，c = 1.4987(7) nm，β = 95.248(6)°，V = 2.0847 nm~3，Z = 2，D_(calcd) = 1. 47 g/cm~3，F(000) = 944，R = 0.053，wR = 0.072。2为三斜晶系，空间群P(1- bar)，a = 1.1484(2) nm，b = 1.4210(3) nm，c = 1.5026(3) nm，α = 62.500 (3)°，β = 72.393(3)°，γ = 73.106(4)°，V = 2.0398(7) nm~3，Z = 2， D_(calcd) = 1.674 g/cm~3，F(000) = 1028，R_1 = 0.0327，wR_2 = 0.0885。1 由两个[Na(B15-C-5)]~+配阳离子和一个[Pd(SCN)_4]~(2-)配阴离子组成，两者通 过Na-N键形成中性配合物，[Na(B15-C-5)]~+A相对钯原子呈反式排列。2由[Na (B15-C-5)]~+和[Na(B15-C-5)(H_2O)]~+配阳离子和一个[Pt(SCN)_4]~(2-)配阴离 子组成，它们也通过Na-N键形成中性配合物，配阳离子相对铂原子呈顺式排列。2 的两个分子通过氢键形成二聚结构。     

含氮、磷四元不饱和杂环化合物的合成和表征

合成了含氮、磷四元不饱和化合物. 反应可能是通过phosphinidene对P—C＝N的1,3环加成反应过程进行的.     

Synthesis of amine, halide, and pyridinium terminated 2-alkyl-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arenes

The synthesis of calix[4]arenes with functional groups tethered to a single methylene bridge has been explored. Mono-lithiated calix[4]arenes react with 1,ω-bromochloroalkanes to give 2-(ω-chloroalkyl)-calix[4]arenes, which function as key intermediates in the synthesis of a variety of tether-functionalized calix[4]arenes. Subsequent reactivity of these chloroalkyl species has allowed for successful synthesis of 2-(ω-iodoalkyl)-calix[4]arenes, 2-(ω-pyridiniumalkyl)-calix[4]arenes, and 2-(ω-aminoalkyl)-calix[4]arenes. This latter group of amine-terminated calix[4]arenes are especially significant as they may serve as useful entries to a wide range of subsequent chemistry, including metal coordination or attachment to a solid support. Both alkyl and aryl amines have been incorporated at the end of the tether, and a 2,6-diisopropylaniline derivative has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction.     

Comparison of simultaneous distillation extraction and solid-phase microextraction for the determination of volatile flavor components

Traditional simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) techniques were compared for their effectiveness in the extraction of volatile flavor compounds from various mustard paste samples. Each method was used to evaluate the responses of some analytes from real samples and calibration standards in order to provide sensitivity comparisons between the two techniques. Experimental results showed traditional SDE lacked the sensitivity needed to evaluate certain flavor volatiles, such as 1,2-propanediol. Dramatic improvements in the extraction ability of the SPME fibers over the traditional SDE method were noted. Different SPME fibers were investigated to determine the selectivity of the various fibers to the different flavor compounds present in the mustard paste samples. Parameters that might affect the SPME, such as the duration of absorption and desorption, temperature of extraction, and the polarity and structure of the fiber were investigated. Of the various fibers investigated, the PDMS–DVB fiber proved to be the most desirable for these analytes.     

Synthesis of two new crown ethers containing selenium and the complexation of one of them with silver and lead

Two new macrocyclic crown ethers containing one or two selenium donor atoms have been prepared. Diselena-18-crown-6 (2) was found to transport silver ions through a methylene chloride bulk membrane at about the same rate as the analogous dithia- (3) and diaza-18-crown-6 (4) compounds and transported lead ions about the same as dithia-18-crown-6 but better than diaza-18-crown-6.     

Alkynyl- and Alkenyl(phenyl)iodonium Compounds. New Synthetic Methods (86)

Compounds with highly coordinated, polyvalent main-group elements represent an interesting alternative to the many well-known transition-metal complexes. Among the oldest and best known stable examples of such organic molecules are the iodine(III) compounds. Diaryliodonium species, Ar₂IX, for example, have been known for over a hundred years and play an important role in lithography. Likewise, acetylenes and olefins are among the oldest, most important, and most valuable compounds in chemistry. Besides simple hydrocarbon alkenes and alkynes, numerous functionalized derivatives are also known and widely employed in organic chemistry. Despite the ubiquity and prominance of both I^III species and olefins and acetylenes, the combination of these two types of functional groups in a single molecular unit, namely compounds with polyvalent iodine and at least one alkyne or olefin residue, was unknown until recently. The successful preparations of simple alkynyl- and alkenyl-(phenyl)iodonium species during the 1980s has resulted in a renaissance in both acetylene and I^III chemistry. These alkynyliodonium compounds readily undergo nucleophilic substitution on the alkyne moiety (S_N-A reactions) which are difficult with other substrates. The application of a wide variety of nucleophiles in this reaction resulted in diverse functionalized alkynes including previously unknown acetylenic carboxylates, sulfonates, and phosphates. These are excellent substrates for cycloaddition reactions as well as numerous other interesting chemical transformations.     

Silver-Catalyzed and Silver-Promoted Reactions of Isocyanides

In recent years, the silver-catalyzed and silver-promoted isocyanide reactions have attracted much attention, due to its efficiency in the formation of diverse new bonds and good reaction selectivity. A series of highly useful linear or cyclic compounds have been constructed. In this review, the recent progress in this field is described in the sequence of synthesis of five-membered heterocyclic compounds, synthesis of six-membered heterocyclic compounds, synthesis of fused cyclic compounds as well as synthesis of linear nitrogen-containing compounds.     

Reactive Organometallic Compounds Obtained from Metallocenes and Related Compounds and Their Synthetic Applications

Progress in the synthesis of organometallic compounds via the partial or total degradation of metallocenes and related compounds under mild reaction conditions is reviewed. These degradation reactions permit highly reactive organo-transition metal complexes to be prepared which can in turn be used in a wide range of synthetic reactions. Examples include catalytic reactions such as the cobalt-catalyzed hydrogenation of benzene and the manganese-catalyzed cyclotrimerization of butadiene as well as stoichiometric syntheses of mono- and polynuclear transition metal complexes, some of which have novel structural features.     

Structure and Bonding in Organometallic Anions of Heavy Group 14 and 15 Elements

Alkali metal organometallic complexes (containing C–metal bonds) and the frequently structrually related alkali metal amides and alkoxides have been investigated extensively both in the solid state and in solution in the past two decades. However, until recently, the related complexes containing the heavier metallic and semi-metallic p block elements and the alkali and alkaline earth metals had rarely been studied in their own right. Recent solid-state structural studies have illustrated the immense structural diversity and bonding modes to be found within these species. One of the principal focuses of recent studies has been complexes containing organometallic anions of p block metals (e.g., triorganostannates, containing R₃Sn^?) in which metal–metal bonds occur between the heavy p block metal and the alkali or alkaline earth metal and the investigation of the nature of this bonding. The development of new synthetic routes has also allowed the preparation of a variety of anionic ligands with p block metal centers which promise new opportunities in coordination chemistry. In addition, the synthesis of a family of homologous anionic π complexes has given a fresh direction in the chemistry of p block metal metallocene complexes.     

Synthesis of Dicycloheptano- and Dicyclooctanothiacrown Ethers Their Properties as Extractants

12- and 15-Membered thia- and oxathiacrown ethers and podands containing cycloheptane and cyclooctane fragments have been synthesized. The properties of the synthesized compounds as extractants for Ra²⁺ and Pd²⁺ ions have been studied.     

Study on the transannular bond formation and hypercoordination in tin and germanium spirometallocanes

D(CH₂CH₂S)₂MSNH(C₆H₄) (M = Ge, Sn; D = O, S) spirocycles were synthesized to analyze the influence of the decrease of the radius of the metal and the change of the hardness of donor atom on the strength of the transannular bond and the hypercoordination of group 14 elements. The compounds were characterized by IR, Raman and NMR (¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn) spectroscopy, EI mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Monocrystal X-ray diffraction analyses were made for the germanium compounds. The germaspirocycles were five-coordinated and had distorted trigonal bipyramid geometry. In contrast with most of the reported analogous germocanes, the transannular bond is stronger when the donor atom is oxygen, rather than sulfur. O(CH₂CH₂S)₂GeSNH(C₆H₄) exhibits an intramolecular hydrogen bond formation between the amine group and the transannular oxygen. The presence of this hydrogen bond determines whether the sulfur (O?Ge–S) or the nitrogen (S?Ge–N) of the five-member ring is the axial atom. According to the ¹¹⁹Sn chemical shift, both stannospirocycles were five-coordinated and therefore the presence of the transannular interaction in solution could be suggested.