烷基、芳基和氟烷基硒化反应的研究进展

有机硒化物在医药、农药、合成以及材料领域均有着十分重要的应用价值,在抗癌、抗炎等方面有着尤为突出的作用,因此有机含硒化合物的合成研究显得尤为重要.有机硒化物的传统制备方法是通过硒酚或二硒醚(RSeSeR)等含硒底物与烷基或芳基化试剂反应,近年来,研究人员也开发了一些新型的直接烷基或芳基硒化试剂.另一方面,氟烷硒基化反应...     

Arbuzov重排反应合成烷基膦酸酯的研究进展

膦酸烷基酯是一类具有多种生物活性的有机磷化合物,在农业和医药化工领域具有广泛的应用。本文介绍了Michaelis-Arbuzov重排反应构建P-C键合成膦酸烷基酯类化合物的方法,着重阐述了通过催化剂、微波、超声波等促进的绿色环保的Arbuzov重排反应。特别是在连续流动条件下通过微反应进行的无溶剂Arbuzov重排反应,能够缩短反应时间,提高反应效率,使膦酸烷基酯的合成具有更广阔的应用前景。     

双磺酸基功能化酸性离子液体高效催化甘油醚化

合成具有双磺酸基功能化离子液体[BS2 DABCO][HSO4]2用于甘油与叔丁醇(TBA)醚化反应中,显示出良好的催化活性.采用红外光谱和热重分析对其进行了物理表征,详细考察了反应时间、温度、催化剂用量与甘油/叔丁醇物质的量之比等因素对甘油转化率及单叔丁基甘油醚选择性的影响,得出最佳反应条件.当反应时间为6 h,温度...     

超支化聚缩水甘油醚研究进展

超支化聚缩水甘油醚(HPG)是一种分子内部为醚键,分子周围有大量羟基的超支化聚合物.这些结构特点使超支化聚缩水甘油醚在催化剂载体、生物医药、聚合物电解质等领域具有重要意义.本文介绍了超支化聚缩水甘油醚的合成方法及其功能化的研究进展,并简要分析了其发展前景.     

可见光诱导烷基羧酸及其衍生物的脱羧偶联反应研究进展

烷基羧酸广泛存在于自然界之中,科研工作者一直致力于开发以来源丰富的烷基羧酸及其衍生物作为起始原料的反应.烷基羧酸及其衍生物在可见光氧化还原作用下可以高效地生成烷基自由基,从而在温和条件下用于构筑各类化学键.以可见光催化烷基羧酸及其衍生物的脱羧自由基反应类型为线索,系统地综述了近年来在可见光条件下烷基羧酸及其衍生物的脱羧官能团化反应研究进展.     

烷基二环氧甘油醚交联剂制备β—环糊精聚合物及其应用的研究

以1，6己烷基二环氧甘油醚为交联剂，与β-环糊精（β-CD）反应，合成一种具有三维网状结构大分子聚合物，应用β-CD包络空腔与肌醇分子尺寸匹配的特性，以这种聚合物作为分离介质，采用柱层析的方法制备肌醇，得到高纯度肌醇样品，并对β-CD交联聚合物的结构进行了表征，讨论了分离条件和聚合物的性质对肌醇纯度的影响规律，找出了优化条件，与其他方法比较，该方法具有回收率较高，便捷、高效的特点。     

烯丙基缩水甘油醚的合成

烯丙醇和环氧氯丙烷在三氟化硼乙醚络合物的催化作用下进行加成和环化反应制得标题化合物。研究了催化剂用量、反应原料配比及碱用量对产物收率的影响。     

O,O—二烷基氢膦酸酯的某些反应研究进展

本文介绍Ｏ，Ｏ－二烷基氢膦酸酯中发生在σ＾４λ＾５Ｐ－Ｈ或σ＾３λ＾３Ｐ－ＯＨ键上的几类重要反应如烷基化反应、加成反应、Ａｔｈｅｒｔｏｎ－Ｔｏｄｄ反应等，以及这些反应在有机合成中的应用，并对某些新颖反应机理作初步探讨。     

Eco-conception of Highly Salt-Tolerant Alkyl Ether Carboxylate Hydrotropes with a Glyceryl Spacer

New alkyl ether carboxylates with a glyceryl spacer instead of ethylene glycol units have been synthesised using environmentally friendly methodology. A cascade synthesis of acetalisation and hydrogenolysis was developed to obtain products containing an alkyl chain linked to a glycerol unit bearing a polar carboxylate head. These products were methylated by using trimethyl phosphate to observe the influence of a free or methoxylated alcohol on the physicochemical properties. Finally, saponification gave the carboxylate anionic group of the new hydrotropes. Studying the amphiphilicity, the tolerance to sodium and calcium ions, and the solubilising power of these bio-based ionic/nonionic hydrotropes has shown that they exhibit significantly improved application properties compared to similar petro-based hydrotropes.     

磷钨酸催化合成三醋酸甘油酯

以磷钨酸为催化剂,对冰醋酸与甘油的酯化反应进行了研究。考察了催化剂用量、酸醇比和带水剂对酯化反应的影响,探讨其最佳反应条件为：催化剂用量为反应物质量的3.8％,油浴温度为135℃－155℃,反应时间7h,酯收率达84.6%。     

Iron‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkyl Etherification of Vinylarenes with Aliphatic Acids as the Alkyl Source

Because of the lack of effective alkylating reagents, alkyl etherification of olefins with general alkyl groups has not been previously reported. In this work, a variety of alkyl diacyl peroxides and peresters generated from aliphatic acids have been found to enable the first iron‐catalyzed alkyl etherification of olefins with general alkyl groups. Primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic acids are suitable for this reaction, delivering products with yields up to 97 %. Primary and secondary alcohols react well, affording products in up to 91 % yield.     

Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Alkylation with Alkyl Halides

A New procedure to prepare superacid perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (POSA) is reported. POSA catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatic compounds with alkyl halides in liquid-phase reactions. Alkylation gave higher total yields than the corresponding reactions with Nafion-H, without the need of any complex decomposition or work-up. The reactions do not need to be carried out under absolutely anhydrous condition. The catalyst POSA can be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused or recovered. The reactivity of the alkylation reagents and the mechanism of the reaction are discussed.     

Synthesis of Substituted Pyrimidinones Catalyzed by Boric Acid and Glycerol in Aqueous Medium

An expeditious one-pot synthesis of substituted pyrimidinone derivatives with aromatic aldehydes, cyclopentanone, and urea (or thiourea) was developed with boric acid (10 mol%) and glycerol (0.1 mL) in aqueous medium at 45–50 °C. The methodology is simple, highly efficient, and high yielding. The idea behind this methodology is that boric acid, being a weak acid, behaves as a strong acid in presence of glycerol in aqueous medium.     

Etherification of Methanol with Propylene Oxide Catalyzed by Heteropolyacids

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Acid Catalyzed Condensation of Phenylethanal Enol or Thiol Enol Ether to 2-Phenylnaphthalene

Treatment of enol ether or thiol enol ether of phenylethanals with sulfuric or polyphosphoric acid in toluene or xylene gave 2-phenylnaphthalene in good yield. More importantly, a one-pot reaction has been developed.     

酒石酸衍生物促进的醛酮不对称烷基加成反应研究进展

酒石酸分子具有含两个手性碳原子的对称结构, 且价廉易得. 因此, 酒石酸及其衍生物在不对称合成领域被广泛应用, 其中α,α,α’,α’-四苯基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧环戊烷-4,5-二甲醇(简称TADDOL)及其类似物、手性酰氧硼烷(简称CAB)等促进的不对称催化反应研究得更为深入和细致. 综述了近年来TADDOL和CAB等作为手性配体在二乙基锌试剂与醛酮、烯丙基有机金属试剂以及烷基铈试剂与醛的加成反应中的应用, 同时简要地介绍了各手性配体的催化效果.     

Vinylation of Alkyl Halides Catalyzed by Palladium Catalyst

The palladium catalyzed vinylation of alkyl halides, especially benzyl chlorides, with a variety of olefins has been studied. A possible free radical mechanism was proposed.     

长链烷基二苯基膦—铑配合物催化烯烃氢甲酰化反应研究

研究了烷基二苯基膦-铑配合物RhCl(CO0(n-C8H17PPh2)2(1)和RhCl(Co)(n-C12H25PPh2)2（2）对1-辛烯氢甲酰化反应的催化性能。结果表明,配合物1比2具有更高的催化活性,而配合物2对生成正构醛的选择性更好;当催化剂浓度或膦/铑比增加时,配合物2催化成正构醛的选择性呈下降趋势,显示出与以PPh3为配体时的不同的性能。