1064nm纳秒激光脉冲激发的外腔式PbWO4拉曼激光器

研究了外腔式PbWO4拉曼激光器在纳秒脉冲抽运下的输出特性。利用主动调Q的Nd:YAG激光器产生的脉冲宽度为31.4ns,最大输出能量为200mJ的1064nm激光作为抽运源。拉曼激光谐振腔采用的是平凹腔设计。测量了输出的拉曼光脉宽与抽运能量的关系,分析了输出的拉曼光脉冲波形图和光谱图,测量了输出的拉曼光脉冲能量与抽运能量的关系,计算了转换效率与抽运能量的关系。当注入抽运光能量达到42mJ时,得到了一阶斯托克斯光脉冲的最大能量和转换效率分别为10mJ和24%,获得外腔式PbWO4拉曼激光器的一阶斯托克斯光脉冲波长为1177.6nm,典型的一阶斯托克斯光脉冲脉宽为20ns。     

355nm Nd∶YAG激光在H_2中的高效一级斯托克斯转换

对脉冲Nd∶YAG激光(355 nm)在H2和H2∶He-Ar混合气体中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)进行了研究。在0.5 MPa的氢气中,同时测量到从二级反斯托克斯到三级斯托克斯的多波长输出,其总转化效率达88%;而高压下只剩下一级和二级斯托克斯输出,其中二级斯托克斯最大能量转化效率达44%(对应量子效率为63%)。由于高级斯托克斯的竞争,纯氢气中一级斯托克斯的最大能量转换效率不超过43%。通过向3 MPa氢气中掺入2 MPaAr气后,很好地抑制了二级斯托克斯的产生,从而获得了能量转换效率高达71%(对应量子效率为83%)的一级斯托克斯输出。对四波混频和级联受激拉曼散射在氢气多级斯托克斯产生中的作用以及惰性气体对它们的影响进行了讨论。     

355 nm Nd:YAG激光在H2中的高效一级斯托克斯转换

对脉冲Nd:YAG激光(355 nm)在H2和H2:He-Ar混合气体中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)进行了研究.在0.5 MPa的氢气中,同时测量到从二级反斯托克斯到三级斯托克斯的多波长输出,其总转化效率达88%;而高压下只剩下一级和二级斯托克斯输出,其中二级斯托克斯最大能量转化效率达44%(对应量子效率为63%).由于高级斯托克斯的竞争,纯氢气中一级斯托克斯的最大能量转换效率不超过43%.通过向3 MPa氢气中掺入2 MPaAr气后,很好地抑制了二级斯托克斯的产生,从而获得了能量转换效率高达71%(对应量子效率为83%)的一级斯托克斯输出.对四波混频和级联受激拉曼散射在氢气多级斯托克斯产生中的作用以及惰性气体对它们的影响进行了讨论.     

调Q倍频Nd：YAG激光泵浦氧气和氧－氦混合气体的受激拉曼散射

报道了调Ｑ倍频Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光泵浦的高压工业用氧气和氧－氦混合气体的受激拉曼散射特性，研究了一阶、二阶斯托克斯（Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ）光的能量转换效率与泵浦光的能量及气压的关系，并探讨了如何抑制氧气的二阶斯托克斯的产生等问题。     

外腔式SrWO4拉曼激光器的输出特性研究

研究了外腔式SrWO4拉曼激光器在ns脉冲抽运下的输出特性。利用主动调Q的Nd∶YAG激光器产生的脉冲宽度为11.7 ns,输出能量为80 mJ的激光作为抽运源,拉曼激光谐振腔采用平平腔,实验采用4片对一阶斯托克斯脉冲和二阶斯托克斯脉冲不同反射率的输出耦合镜,测量了输出能量与抽运能量的关系,计算了转换效率与抽运能量的关系。当输出耦合镜对一阶斯托克斯脉冲的反射率为39.9%时,实验得到一阶斯托克斯脉冲的最大能量和转换效率分别为23.9 mJ和36.2%,当输出耦合镜对一阶斯托克斯脉冲和二阶斯托克斯脉冲的反射率分别为80.5%和12.4%时,得到二阶斯托克斯脉冲的最大输出能量和转换效率分别为16.4 mJ和25.4%,典型的一阶斯托克斯脉冲和二阶斯托克斯脉冲的脉冲宽度分别为6.1 ns和5.8 ns。     

碘激光的H2振动受激拉曼阈值研究

首次实现了脉冲光解碘激光作为基频光的氢气振动受激拉曼变频,对碘激光的波长转换有着重要意义。在碘激光单脉冲能量100~130 mJ(脉宽100 ns)的条件下, 采用双次聚焦技术降低了高压氢气的振动受激拉曼变频的阈值,获得了波长为2900 nm中红外激光,光子转化效率最高达到8.7%。实验发现当拉曼介质氢气气压大于1 MPa后,一级斯托克斯光的拉曼转化效率不再随气压变化,并对这一现象进行了理论分析和归属。     

532 nm激光泵浦硝酸钡晶体产生外腔拉曼激光

 由于硝酸钡晶体具有很强的对称振动(频率1 047 cm^-1)和较高的拉曼增益,可以用来产生受激拉曼激光。采用单端泵浦的外置拉曼振荡腔与双棱镜分光装置进行了硝酸钡晶体拉曼激光实验,泵浦源为倍频Nd: YAG的532 nm激光,硝酸钡晶体通过水溶液降温法生长,尺寸为10 mm×10 mm×48 mm,采用特殊镀膜的腔镜对各阶斯托克斯光进行优化选择。在泵浦源达到65 mJ时,获得21 mJ一阶斯托克斯光,输出波长为563 nm,以及16 mJ的二阶斯托克斯光,输出波长为599 nm,受激拉曼散射SRS最大的整体转换效率（包含一阶、二阶斯托克斯光之和）为56.3%。     

基于空芯光纤中氢气受激拉曼散射的1.7μm光纤激光光源研究

报道了一种基于空芯光子晶体光纤中氢气受激拉曼散射的新型1.7μm光纤激光光源。建立了仅包含泵浦光和一阶斯托克斯光的简单稳态耦合波方程,并进行了仿真计算。采用自制的1550 nm纳秒脉冲光纤放大器,泵浦一段长约3 m、充高压氢气的商用空芯光子晶体光纤,利用氢气分子的转动受激拉曼散射实现了1705 nm斯托克斯波的有效转换。气压为1.2 MPa时,最大平均输出功率约0.5 W(单脉冲能量约为2.5μJ),最大光光转换效率约为32%(相对总的泵浦功率)。研究结果为实现高功率1.7μm波段近红外激光输出提供了一条有效的新途径。     

579 nm外腔式拉曼激光器传输耦合方程的数值计算

 为了提高以KGd(WO4)2晶体为拉曼介质的外腔式拉曼激光器的输出功率和转化效率,采用面积求和法编制matlab计算程序,对该激光器的传输耦合方程进行数值求解。计算得到了一至三阶斯托克斯光输出光强随时间的变化规律和受激拉曼散射的弛豫振荡过程。得出：拉曼谐振腔输出耦合镜对一阶斯托克斯光的反射率越高,拉曼谐振腔内的一阶斯托克斯光功率密度就越高,越有利于泵浦光向二阶斯托克斯光的转换。     

强激光长程传输中受激拉曼散射对光束特性的影响

依照受激拉曼散射(SRS)半经典理论从物质激发感应出的三阶非线性极化率X~(3)出发,在强激光长程传输受激拉曼散射中建立了泵浦(传输)激光相位与斯托克斯(Stokes)光强相耦合的理论模型。它清楚地说明了SRS效应影响泵浦激光光束特性,其中包括时间特性及空间特性(光束质量)的物理机制及影响因素。理论分析与实验结果符合得较好。实验还测得了不同转换效率η_s情况下传输后的泵浦光及Stokes光的时间过程特性。结果表明,在小转换效率的条件下,泵浦光时间特性基本不受SRS效应的影响;而当转换效率η_s>5％时,泵浦光脉宽随η_s增大而被逐渐压缩。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.