双流路互不干扰流动注射在线同时测定水中硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮

将镀铜镉柱应用于流动注射(FIA)实现了水中硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮的同时测定。在磷酸介质中,亚硝酸盐与磺胺重氮化,再与N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺盐酸盐偶合,形成玫瑰红色的偶氮染料,在540nm的波长处检测。硝酸盐被镉柱在线还原为亚硝酸盐后同法测定。硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的测定范围分别为0.1～35mg/L、0～1200μg/L,检出限分别为45.6μg/L和4.8μg/L,RSD均低于1.05%(n=11),测定频率为10样/小时。实际水样中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的测定取得了满意的效果,加标回收率均在89.2%～109.0%之间,该仪器适合于现场即时监测。     

离子色谱法快速测定土壤中的亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮

建立离子色谱法快速测定土壤中亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮的方法。土壤样品采用250 mL 0.01 moL/L氯化钙溶液提取,于20℃水浴振荡60 min,静置离心。采用Ion Pac AS19离子色谱柱,以20 mmoL/L氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液,流量为1.0 mL/min,进样体积为25μL,以电导检测器进行检测。亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮的质量浓度在0.20～5.00 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均为0.999 9,方法检出限分别为0.005,0.007mg/L。样品的加标回收率为95.0%～97.4%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.89%～2.11%(n=12)。该方法适用于土壤中亚硝酸盐氮和硝酸盐氮含量的快速测定。     

固相萃取-离子色谱法测定土壤中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐

提出了离子色谱法测定土壤中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的方法。土壤试样经水超声浸取,采用OnGuardⅡP和OnGuardⅡRP固相萃取柱净化,以AS11-HC为分析柱、AG11-HC为保护柱,萃取液中的NO2-和NO3-用15mmol·L-1氢氧化钾溶液洗脱分离,并用抑制电导检测器同时测定其含量。亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐质量浓度分别在0.01～1.00mg·L-1和0.10～10.0mg·L-1范围内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)分别为0.16,0.24μg·g-1。方法的加标回收率分别在85.0%～100%和93.5%～106%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)分别在2.9%～4.1%和2.2%～3.4%之间。     

流动注射在线分析法测定海水中的亚硝酸盐氮

建立流动注射在线分析法测定海水中亚硝酸盐氮的含量.样品中的亚硝酸盐与N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺盐酸盐及磺胺发生重氮反应,生成可溶于水的紫红色化合物,在波长520 nm处检测.海水中的亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度在0.00～5.00 mg/L范围与吸光度线性相关,海水中亚硝酸盐氮的检出限为0.005 mg/L.样品加标回收率为90....     

非镉柱还原-流动注射分光光度法检测硝酸盐

阐述了一种基于碱性条件下,采用还原液将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐,从而实现淡水中硝酸盐的还原液-流动注射分光光度检测方法,通过优化实验确定了最优分析条件。硝酸盐浓度在50～2000μg/L范围内与峰高呈良好的线性关系,方法检出限3.5μg/L,相对标准偏差0.90%(n=15,500μg/L)。方法应用于环境水样中硝酸盐的检测,加标回收率为95.0%～100.2%。该方法避免了镉还原柱再生处理,简化了操作,易于实现无人值守式的在线自动监测。     

离子色谱法对腌制食品中亚硝酸盐的定量及优化

在GB 5009.33-2016《食品安全国家标准食品中亚硝酸盐与硝酸盐的测定》的基础上,改进了前处理及色谱条件。结果表明,本方法在20～200μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,方法精密度（RSD）为3.1%良好,在1、2.5和5 mg/kg加标回收率为95.88%～104.61%。在满足准确性的同时,相比优化前的方法,每次测定的成本降低77.5%。     

两种原子荧光法测定水中汞含量的比较

分别利用原子荧光法和冷原子荧光法对水中的汞含量进行测定,两种方法的检出限分别为0.01μg/L和0.003μg/L,实样测试的加标回收率范围分别为107%～113%和98%～104%,标准样品测试的相对标准偏差分别为0.93%和0.92%。结果表明,冷原子荧光法具有更低的检出限和更高的准确度,两种方法在精密度方面差异不大。     

海水中硝酸盐的无阀连续流动分析

建立了一种无阀连续流动分析方法和装置,仅用一台多通道蠕动泵传送试剂和样品,无需依靠注入阀、电磁阀和定量环进行试剂或样品的选择和定量输入.样品通过铜-镉还原柱,将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐,然后用重氮-偶氮光度法进行测定.研究结果表明,硝酸盐的线性范围为5 ～ 180 μmol/L,方法检出限为0.27.μmol/L,对10和80 μmol/L硝酸盐溶液连续测定11次,相对标准偏差分别为1.4％和1.3％,不同盐度的实际水样加标回收率在99.4％ ～ 106.1％之间.测定结果与流动注射分析法相比,无显著性差异.与流动注射分析相比,无阀设计装置大大降低了成本,操作更加简便,有利于在普通实验室或现场连续监测中推广使用.本方法成功应用于厦门西港海水样品中硝酸盐的测定以及九龙江河口区的硝酸盐走航式监测.     

离子色谱法测定瓶(桶)装纯净水中痕量溴酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量

采用离子色谱法同时测定瓶(桶)装纯净水中溴酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量。水样经AG19-4mm保护柱及DIONEX AS19色谱柱分离,以不同浓度的氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液,溴酸盐和亚硝酸盐得到很好的分离。BrO3-和NO2-分别在5.00～100.00μg.L-1和1.00～50.00μg.L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3s/k)分别为0.08,0.14μg.L-1。方法用于瓶(桶)装水中溴酸盐和亚硝酸盐的测定,加标回收率在92.7%～98.4%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于5.0%。     

纳米Fe3O4分离富集-悬浮进样-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定砷形态

研究了以纳米Fe3O4为固相吸附剂对痕量无机砷形态的吸附与分离富集,建立了无需洗脱分离的悬浮进样-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定砷形态的方法。选择的反应体系为0.64 g/L Fe3O4悬浮液-1.0%(m/V)NaBH4溶液-5.0%(V/V)HCl(pH 8),进样5.0 mL时,得到本方法的检出限为13.5 ng/L;As(Ⅲ)浓度在0.05～3.5μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系;测定0.5μg/L As(Ⅲ)的精密度RSD=3.4%。用国家标准物质GBW10010(大米)验证了本方法测定砷的准确性,测定结果(0.101±0.010μg/g)与标准值(0.102±0.008μg/g)吻合。采用本方法测定了近海海水和雪水样品中的无机砷形态,并进行了加标回收实验。对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的加标回收率在95%～110%之间,结果令人满意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.