大分子植酸-聚有机硅倍半氧烷的合成及性能

采用溶胶-凝胶方法, 无需小分子酸催化剂, 利用硅烷化植酸的反应活性和酸催化活性, 与硅烷单体共水解缩聚, 在聚有机硅倍半氧烷分子链上原位接枝植酸, 合成了分子量大于50000的大分子植酸-聚有机硅倍半氧烷. 用GPC, 13C NMR, 29Si NMR, XPS, Raman光谱, SEM及电化学测试等分析手段进行表征, 对比不同酸催化植酸-聚有机硅倍半氧烷(PAP), 单宁酸-聚有机硅半氧烷(TAP), 盐酸-聚有机硅半氧烷(HCP)的结构和性能, 发现植酸-聚有机硅倍半氧烷上的螯合基团与金属表面的活性基团反应而键合, 在金属表面形成致密的保护膜, PAP与TAP和HCP比较具有优异的防腐性能.     

聚有机硅倍半氧烷热解研究进展

国防航空工业的发展需求高性能陶瓷,尤其是纳米陶瓷。聚有机硅倍半氧烷可作为前驱体,通过热解制备陶瓷。该方法操作简便,易于控制。本文综述了国外有关聚有机硅倍半氧烷热解理论与应用研究近况,并对这一领域的发展进行了展望。     

含羧基聚有机硅氧烷—PEO复合物与LiCF3SO3复合膜的离子传导性

本文研究了含羧基聚有机硅氧烷——PEO复合物与LiCF_3SO_3复合膜的离子传导性能。实验结果表明,利用PEO与含羧基聚有机硅氧烷复合的方法能进一步提高含羧基聚有机硅氧烷—Li~+固体电解质膜的离子传导性。此复合膜在室温下的离子导电率可达10~(-5)S cm~(-1)。本文还研究了复合膜中所用PEO的分子量、PEO用量,LiCF_3SO_3含量、交联剂用量及温度对复合膜离子传导性的影响。     

有机硅氧烷嵌段共聚物的合成及表征

以不同分量的α,ω-双(γ-氨丙基)聚二甲基硅氧烷预聚物为软段,分别以聚芳 酯、聚酰亚胺为硬段合成了嵌段长短不同及含量不同的聚有机硅氧烷-聚芳酯嵌段共聚物和聚有机硅氧烷-聚酰亚胺嵌段共聚物。     

有机硅氧烷预聚体的合成及其在化学固沙中的应用

以甲基三乙氧基硅烷为反应物,在盐酸催化下水解缩合,合成无色透明粘稠的液体有机硅氧烷预聚体,IR和1H NMR表征证实其为目的产物;当有机硅氧烷预聚体与工业乙醇的体积比为1∶1,以质量分数0.60%的NaOH-CH3OH溶液为固化剂,加入该溶液0.05 mL,在30 ℃,预聚体交联固化时间为9 min;在50 ℃,预聚体交联固化时间为4 min;首次将有机硅氧烷预聚体,或它与聚乙烯醇（PVA20-88）的混合物用作化学固沙剂,形成的固结层具有较好的耐水性和较高的抗剪强度;当PVA20-88与有机硅氧烷预聚体的质量比为1∶4时,粘聚力达到483.7 kPa,内摩擦角为68.39°,在160 h的紫外光照射下,具有很好的耐老化性。     

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷及其在吸附领域中的应用

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷作为一种新型的有机-无机杂化材料近年来引起了人们极大的关注,这类材料由于结构上的特殊性而表现出了许多优异的性能.本文介绍了桥联聚倍半硅氧烷的研究现状、结构特性和合成方法及合成条件包括烷氧基团和桥联基团的结构、反应物浓度、溶剂、催化剂及温度等因素对材料结构的影响.对桥联聚倍半硅氧烷在吸附领域中对金属离子及有机物的吸附研究及应用情况进行了总结,并展望了其未来的发展方向.     

杯芳烃交联聚硅氧烷热稳定性能研究

聚有机硅氧烷是一类主链由硅-氧键连接而成,侧链为有机基团的聚合物,兼具有机聚合物和无机聚合物的特性,性能优异,尤以卓越的耐高温性能而著称,在大气中于-50~250℃可以长期使用[1].为了进一步提高聚有机硅氧烷的热稳定性,主要有以下几种方法,(1)添加各种耐热性添加剂,或可与聚     

硅酸钠与有机硅氧烷前驱体自组装杂化硅基中孔材料

采用有机硅氧烷(RTES)与硅酸钠(Na2SiO3)共水解缩聚合成有机官能化的MSU型硅基中孔材料.考察了合成体系pH值对材料织构性能的影响以及不同有机硅氧烷与硅酸钠在中性条件下的自组装行为.发现在中性条件下，加入NaF可以有效避免带有较小有机基团的有机硅氧烷进入材料孔壁的可能性，而且合成体系的pH值对材料的孔径有一定的调控作用.     

含二苯甲酮基的有机硅光引发体系

在UV照射下,用含巯基的有机硅化合物与聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷加成硫化虽有专利报道,但该反应体系是以二苯甲酮类化合物作为光敏剂。当我们进行这方面研究时,发现二苯甲酮与有机硅氧烷预聚物相容性差,从而影响光加成反应的速度。为了改善光敏剂与有机硅预聚物的相容性,本文合成了具二苯甲酮基团的环状有机硅氧烷及其高聚物作为光敏剂。     

超支化聚硅(碳/氧)烷的研究进展

总结了近十年来超支化聚有机硅(碳/氧)烷的研究进展,其中着重综述了硅氢加成反应、亲核取代反应和脱氢反应在制备超支化聚硅(碳/氧)烷的过程中各种因素对反应过程及产物物化性能的影响。     

Investigations on aromatic polyesters with polynaphthalene systems in the main chain. I. Low-temperature solution polycondensation

A series of aromatic polyesters has been prepared by low-temperature solution polycondensation of derivatives of dihydroxydinaphthyl or dihydroxydinaphthylmethane with terephthaloyl chloride. The chemical, physical, and thermal properties of some polyesters have been investigated. Some of the polyesters obtained have high melting temperatures (340–420°C) and very good thermal resistance. In spite of their high melting temperatures some polymers give solutions in organic solvents which make it possible to produce films and coatings with good dielectric and mechanical properties and with a relatively high thermal resistance.     

High-temperature composite materials and coatings on the basis of glass and ceramics for aerospace technics

High-temperature composite materials and coatings developed in the RIAM, specifically construction composite materials with glass, glass-ceramic, and ceramic matrices, for use at 700–1500°C, ceramic composites on the basis of poly-carbosilanes, erosion resistant coatings with the effect of thermal control for heat shield systems of perspective aerospace technics, are reviewed. These coatings combine a complex of properties: high radiating capacity, phase stability, thermal shrinkage resistance, resistance against acoustic, vibration, atmospheric factors, etc. Technological coatings to protect steels and Ti and Ni alloys during heat treatment and isothermal and hot die forging are developed. New type enamels, pasts, thick-film electric heaters, etc., are described.     

The coating performance of adipic acid modified and methacrylated bisphenol- A based epoxy oligomers

In the present work adipic acid modified and methacrylated bisphenol A based epoxy resins were prepared. The structures of oligomers were characterized by FT-IR. UV curable clear coatings were applied on aluminum substrates. The physical and mechanical properties of UV-cured coatings such as gel content, solvent resistance, hardness, gloss, flexibility and tensile tests were examined. In addition, the thermal behavior of coatings was also evaluated. It is observed that the tensile properties and thermal stabilities of modified epoxy methacrylate coatings mainly depend on the adipic acid content. The best results were obtained with 5 wt% adipic acid modification. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Polyurethane Coating Based on Hydroxyethylated Diphenylolpropane

To improve the thermal resistance of a coating, a polyurethane binder has been synthesized with the use of hydroxyethylated diphenylolpropane. The influence of the catalyst concentration, solvent nature, and structure and molar ratio of the initial reagents on the properties of the coatings is studied. The composition, corresponding to the polyurethane coating with high physicomechanical properties combined with thermal and chemical resistance, is established.     

Thermal and neutron shielding properties of 10B containing UV cured hybrid coatings

¹⁰B containing organic–inorganic hybrid coating material based on a UV-curable formulation was prepared via anhydrous sol–gel technique. UV curable coatings were applied on Plexiglas (PMMA) substrates. The molecular structure of the coating material was analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique. The characterization of the UV-curable coating was evaluated by various techniques such as gel content, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, pencil hardness, pendulum hardness, MEK rubbing test, contact angle, cross-cut test, gloss, transmittance test, neutron absorption, Limiting Oxygen Index and stress–strain tests. Hybrid coatings showed a significant enhancement in radiation shielding properties. The thermal behavior of coatings was also evaluated. It is observed that the thermal stability of coatings mainly depends on their boron and silicate contents. Results of all analysis conducted on hybrid films, and coatings were discussed.     

Linear and branched polyester resins based on dimethyl-2,5-furandicarboxylate for coating applications

In this study, novel bio-based hydroxyl-end-capped (co)polyesters from dimethyl-2,5-furandicarboxylate (DMF), 2,3-butanediol, and a variety of comonomers viz. glycerol, pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane are prepared using a solvent-free, bulk polycondensation technique. Extensive molecular and thermal characterization was performed to elucidate the properties of these materials. The materials showed suitable properties for solvent-borne coating applications in terms of their molecular weight, functionality and thermal characteristics, and coatings were prepared using the isocyanurate of hexamethylene diisocyanate as a cross-linker. The resulting coatings, having thicknesses between 30 and 55 μm, were hard but rather brittle. All the coatings have good solvent resistance, pointing to sufficient network formation. It is clear that the presented DMF-based polyesters show promise as bio-based coating resins.     

Effect of charring agents on solvent‐free fireproof coatings

The choice of charring agent is one of the major issues for solvent‐free fireproof coatings. The effects of processing method and charring agent on the thermal insulation and fire resistance of the coatings were investigated in simulated fire scenarios. Dipentaerythritol (DPER), triazine agent (CFA), and pentaerythritol phosphate (PEPA) were compared as charring agent, and the thermal, combustion, fire resistance, and charring behaviors in different fire scenario were characterized for the fireproof coatings. Compared with high‐speed dispersing equipment, kneading processing equipment is favorable for improving the thermal stability and fire resistance of the coatings, because the stronger shearing force has promoted mixing and dispersion of the ingredients in solvent‐free fireproof coatings. As for charring agents, it is found that the fireproof coatings containing CFA or PEPA show better thermal and flame‐retardant performances. More residue was observed under nitrogen atmosphere in thermogravimetric analysis, less heat and smoke were released in cone calorimetry test. However, during the high temperature fire resistance test, their char layers were prone to delaminate while DPER‐containing coatings produced intact and stronger char layer with better heat insulation. For practical applications, the coating formulations need to be optimized to achieve both fire resistance and flame retardancy.     

有机氟材料的结构与性能及其在涂料中的应用

高性能、低（无）污染是当今涂料发展的主要趋势，氟树脂独特的结构特点使它具有很高的耐热性，耐化学性和耐候性，独特的电学性能，优良的表面性能和光学特性，从而使其成为可能同时具有这两项要求的材料之一，本文着重介绍了目前几种最主要的氟树脂的结构与性能，如聚四氟乙烯（PTFT），聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）、氟烯烃／乙烯基醚共聚树脂（FEVE）及全氟聚醚 （PFPE）等。另外还对当前国内，外含氟高聚物在涂料应用上的研究进展作了一些介绍。     

水热温度对SiC-C/C复合材料表面水热电泳沉积MoSi2抗氧化涂层的影响

采用水热电泳沉积法和固相渗透法在C/C复合材料表面制备了MoSi2/SiC复合抗氧化涂层。分别采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和等温静态氧化实验对复合涂层的晶相组成、显微结构和抗氧化性能进行了表征。主要研究了水热电泳沉积温度对MoSi2外涂层显微结构及高温抗氧化性能的影响,重点分析了涂层试样在1500℃和1630℃下的静态氧化行为及失效机理。结果表明:外涂层主要由MoSi2和少量MoO3晶相组成。外涂层的致密程度、厚度及抗氧化性能随着水热温度的升高而提高。MoSi2/SiC复合涂层具有较好的抗氧化和抗热震能力,在1 500℃下有效保护基体320 h同时经历17次1 500℃与室温之间的热循环后,氧化失重率仅为1.07%;在1630℃下氧化88 h后失重率为2.17%。复合涂层在1 630℃下的氧化失效主要是由于经过长时间氧化后SiO2玻璃膜层不能及时有效填补涂层中的缺陷,涂层试样在热循环过程中产生了贯穿性的孔洞导致的。     

Preparation and Performance of HGM/PPENK-based High Temperature-resistant Thermal Insulating Coatings

Novel high temperature-resistant coatings with high mechanical strength and thermal-insulating performance were prepared with poly(ether nitrile ketone)(PPENK) resin as matrix and hollow glass microspheres(HGMs) as thermal-insulating filler. The corresponding mechanical and thermal-insulating study indicated that the mechanical properties of the coatings decreased with the increase of HGM content,and were improved after surface modification of HGM by KH570 resulting in enhancement of interaction between HGM and PPENK resin. The thermal conductivity of HGM/PPENK thermal-insulating coating decreased with the increase of HGM content and coating thickness, along with the decrease of the true density. It also showed slight increase trend due to HGMs surface modification. The HGM/PPENK coating filled with modified HGMs showed better thermal resistance than that of unmodified HGM/PPENK coating. The thermal decomposition temperature at 5%weight loss of the coating containing modified HGMs was 10 °C lower than that of pure PPENK, and 40 °C higher than that of neat HGM/PPENK coating. The coating exhibited commendable appearance after 400 °C for 30 min. The merits of HGM/PPENK-based thermal coatings obviously demonstrated promising prospect in thermal protection fields.