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1.
In this paper it is reported that the measurement of the bulk positron lifetime as a function of substitution content x in the temperature range from 70 to 220K was performed in two high-Tc superconducting systems, Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3-xFexO7-δ and Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ. It was found that τB of both systems decreases significantly with x and the temperature dependence of τB is very weak in normal state. In lower temperature region (Tc), a dramatic x-dependent temperature variation of τB was observed in the Ca-substituted system: from a decrease of τB with decreasing T to an increase of τB. With increasing x, the temperature dependence of τB remains weak in the Ca- and Fe- substituted systems. Compared with the experimental data of positron lifetime in other substituted systems and the calculation of the positron density distribution, the authors suggest that positron bulk lifetime spectra behaviour can be interpreted by the physical model based on the transfer of electron density between the CuO2 planes and Cu-O chains. Therefore, the study of positron lifetime spectra provides a useful means to detect the local charge density and to study the correlation between the electronic structure and the high-Tc superconductivity.  相似文献   

2.
叶赛云 《中国物理》2007,16(6):1678-1682
This paper proposes a scheme for teleporting a two-atom entangled state using leaky cavities. It uses resonant atom--cavity interaction to map the atomic state onto the cavity field. Then it utilizes the interference of polarized photons to establish the correlation between the distant sender and receiver. The advantage of the scheme is that the fidelity is independent of the cavity decay rate, atomic decay and detection efficiency.  相似文献   

3.
We show that the layered-structure BaCuS2 is a moderately correlated electron system in which the electronic structure of the CuS layer bears a resemblance to those in both cuprates and iron-based superconductors.Theoretical calculations reveal that the in-plane d-p σ*-bonding bands are isolated near the Fermi level.As the energy separation between the d and p orbitals are much smaller than those in cuprates and iron-based superconductors,BaCuS2 is expected to be moderately correlated.We suggest that this material is an ideal system to study the competitive/collaborative nature between two distinct superconducting pairing mechanisms,namely the conventional BCS electron-phonon interaction and the electron-electron correlation,which may be helpful to establish the elusive mechanism of unconventional high-temperature superconductivity.  相似文献   

4.
肖兴  方卯发 《中国物理 B》2009,18(11):4695-4701
This paper presents a treatment of the entanglement transfer between atoms in two distant cavities coupled by an optical fibre. If the atoms resonantly and collectively interact with the local single-mode cavity fields and the dipole--dipole interaction between the atoms is neglected, then it shows that a complete transfer of entanglement from one pair of atoms to another can be deterministically realized. Furthermore, it also investigates the effects of dipole--dipole interaction on entanglement transfer on the condition that the interaction between the atoms and the cavity is much weaker than the coupling between the cavity and the fibre.  相似文献   

5.
冉令坤  John P.Boyd 《中国物理 B》2008,17(3):1138-1146
This paper investigates the interaction between transient wave and non-stationary and non-conservative basic flow. An interaction equation is derived from the zonally symmetric and non-hydrostatic primitive equations in Cartesian coordinates by using the Momentum-Casimir method. In the derivation, it is assumed that the transient disturbances satisfy the linear perturbation equations and the basic states are non-conservative and slowly vary in time and space. The diabatic heating composed of basic-state heating and perturbation heating is also introduced. Since the theory of wave-flow interaction is constructed in non-hydrostatic and ageostrophic dynamical framework, it is applicable to diagnosing the interaction between the meso-scale convective system in front and the background flow.
It follows from the local interaction equation that the local tendency of pseudomomentum wave-activity density depends on the combination of the perturbation flux divergence second-order in disturbance amplitude, the local change of basic-state pseudomomentum density, the basic-state flux divergence and the forcing effect of diabatic heating. Furthermore, the tendency of pseudomomentum wave-activity density is opposite to that of basic-state pseudomomentum density. The globally integrated basic-state pseudomomentum equation and wave-activity equation reveal that the global development of basic-state pseudomomentum is only dominated by the basic-state diabatic heating while it is the forcing effect of total diabatic heating from which the global evolution of pseudomomentum wave activity results. Therefore, the interaction between the transient wave and the non-stationary and non-conservative basic flow is realized in virtue of the basic-state diabatic heating.  相似文献   

6.
李宏  王铁军  黄德修 《中国物理》2004,13(7):1033-1038
The correlation between perturbations caused by randomly varying birefringence and a random dispersion map is considered in a dispersion-managed soliton system, and their effects on soliton propagation and interaction are investigated numerically. These perturbations lead to the disintegration of a soliton, and enhance the interaction between solitons. The correlation plays an important role, and reinforces these effects. Furthermore, there is a stochastic resonance between two perturbations in the system; here the effect is the largest, and the corresponding distance until disintegration is the shortest. Finally, nonlinear gain and a filter are introduced to effectively suppress these effects.  相似文献   

7.
利用严格求解的Nilsson轴形变平均场加扩展对力模型,对Er和Yb同位素链基态形状(量子相)酷越进行了研究。通过该模型下能级比R02+/21+、奇偶能差、信息熵的计算,成功地再现了155-163Er和157-165Yb同位素相关物理量的形状(量子相)酷越行为。通过分析这些量随着四极形变参数和总体对力强度的变化过程,显示了这种酷越行为主要是由于对力强度与四极形变之间的竞争导致的,该结果揭示了本模型下的基态形状(量子相)酷越行为的来源。Ground-state shape (phase) crossover in Er and Yb isotopes is manifested in the axially deformed Nilsson mean-field plus extended pairing model. The energy ratio R02+/21+, the odd-even mass differences and the information entropy are calculated under the present model, reproduce the shape (phase) crossover behaviors of these quantities in 155-163Er and 157-165Yb isotopes. From the analysis of these quantities as functions of the quadrupole deformation parameter and the overall pairing interaction strength, it is shown that the crossover is mainly driven by the competition between the pairing interaction and the quadrupole deformation, which thus provides the origin of the shape (phase) crossover in the present model.  相似文献   

8.
With consideration of the effects of the atomic process and the sight line direction on the charge exchange re-combination spectroscopy (CXRS), a code used to modify the poloidal CXRS measurement on Tokamak-60 Upgrade (JT-60U) in Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute is developed, offering an effective tool to modify the measurement and analyse experimental results further. The results show that the poloidal velocity of ion is overestimated but the ion temperature is underestimated by the poloidal CXRS measurement, and they also indicate that the effect of observation angle on rotation velocity is a dominant one in a core region (r/a 〈 0.65), whereas in an edge region where the sight line is nearly normal to the neutral beam, the observation angle effect is very small. The difference between the modified velocity and the neoclassical velocity is not larger than the error in measurement. The difference inside the internal transport barrier (ITB) region is 2-3 times larger than that outside the ITB region, and it increases when the effect of excited components in neutral beam is taken into account. The radial electric field profile is affected greatly by the poloidal rotation term, which possibly indicates the correlation between the poloidal rotation and the transport barrier formation.[第一段]  相似文献   

9.
We investigate the geometric phase and dynamic phase of a two-level fermionic system with dispersive interaction, driven by a quantized bosonic field which is simultaneously subjected to parametric amplification. It is found that the geometric phase is induced by a counterpart of the Stark shift. This effect is due to distinct shifts in the field frequency induced by interaction between different states (|e〉 and |g〉 ) and cavity field, and a simple geometric interpretation of this phenomenon is given, which is helpful to understand the natural origin of the geometric phase.  相似文献   

10.
The phase change between periodic signals is regular. Research on the regular phenomenon between periodic signals is helpful to improve the precision of some measurements and develop some new measurement methods. So it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the greatest common factor frequency and the least common multiple period universally existing in periodic signals. The regulation of the quantitative phase shift resolution between periodic signals is presented.The cause of difference in phase characteristics between periodic signals is explained well. In this paper we propose different application prospects based on the regular phenomenon between periodic signals, with focusing on the methods for high precision frequency measurement and transient stability measurement. The experimental results are satisfactory.  相似文献   

11.
铜原子能级结构的理论计算具有非常大的挑战性。本文基于多组态Dirac-Hartree-Fock(MCDHF)方法和相对论组态相互作用(RCI)方法,通过三个大规模的关联模型计算了单激发态3d104p 2P1/2、双激发态3d94s(3D)5s4D3/2,1/2,3d94s(3D)5s 2D3/2,3d94s(1D)5s 2D3/2以及离子态3d10 1S0能级和波函数。结果表明,铜原子能级结构对有限组态空间的选择极其敏感,双激发态3d94s(3D)5s 4D3/2,1/2,3d94s(3D)5s 2D3/2,3d94s(1D)5s 2D3/2和离子态3d10 1S0与单激发态之间的能量差相对于已有实验结果均存在大约-0.4 eV的偏差,而计算得到的共振电子能量与实验结果符合得较好。此外,根据辐射跃迁矩阵元和非辐射跃迁矩阵元计算了双激发态的Fano参数q,并基于Fano理论得到了铜单激发态3d104p 2P1/2的总光电离截面,该理论考虑了直接光电离与光激发自电离之间的干涉效应,即共振3d94s(3D)5s 4D3/2,1/2、3d94s(3D)5s 2D3/2和3d94s(1D)5s 2D3/2具有明显的非对称的Fano轮廓,表明光电离过程与光激发自电离过程之间的干涉对双激发态共振附近的光电离截面轮廓有着极其重要的影响。  相似文献   

12.
应用半解析方法,研究了直圆柱位形下等离子体压强P0分别为P0=0、P0=常数和P0=f(r)时Line-tied扭曲不稳定性的增长率和二维径向本征函数的演化规律。结果表明,P0=0和P0=常数时的轴向波数k的范围相同,但P0=常数时的增长率比P0=0时的小。P0=f(r)时的轴向波数k的范围和增长率则都比P0=0时的大,同时磁流体的速度变化也较大。因此,P0=f(r)更接近实际的物理模型(例如日冕的喷射问题)。  相似文献   

13.
为了研究石墨化过程中煤的分子结构有序化轨迹,选取湖南、陕西19个不同变形-变质程度高煤级煤为研究对象,采用工业分析、元素分析、X射线衍射分析(XRD)和拉曼光谱分析(Raman)等手段,结合分峰拟合的数学方法,对系列样品分子结构参数(XRD结构参数,如石墨化度、延展度La、堆砌度Lc及面网间距d002等;Raman参数,如PG,P1,R1,R2等)进行了统计与计算。研究结果表明:煤化作用阶段H/C随变质程度增加而逐渐减小,但在石墨化阶段以物理变化为主,其趋势变缓或不显著;XRD参数d002,La,Lc,NLa/Lc等随变质程度呈现非线性连续(阶跃性)变化,拐点大致对应Rm=7.0%,d002=0.338 nm,拐点之前La,LcN变化较小(或平稳增大),拐点之后石墨晶体结构快速形成,微晶尺寸增大,拼叠作用开始并逐渐增强;La/Lc变化亦反映石墨化过程由缩合作用向拼叠作用转变。高煤级煤石墨化轨迹可按有序化增加的三阶段模型来表述,无定形碳(无烟煤)至变无烟煤阶段,G峰位、峰位差P1变化显著,ID1/IG在表达无序程度时不服从TK关系;变无烟煤至半石墨阶段,即从石墨化开始结构演化轨迹呈现不同方向,R1随着有序的增加呈现截然相反的轨迹,部分石墨组分演化服从TK关系,R2在石墨化度为45%时呈现截然相反的轨迹;石墨阶段温、压作用导致微晶尺寸急剧增加(或阶跃),ID1/IG减小服从TK关系。当不同石墨化程度的新生组分共存时,d002不足以代表样品最大的演化程度,但其作为平均度量来标度高煤级煤石墨化过程中结构演化特征仍为较优的选择,且(002)和(γ)峰半峰宽能较好地区分石墨化煤的变质类型,H/C,ID1/IG亦随d002演化轨迹不同,需利用d002<0.344 0 nm,R1<2.0,H/C<0.12等综合指标判别石墨化的开始。由此可以看出,采用XRD和Raman光谱分析技术可以表征高煤级煤石墨化轨迹阶段性以及结构的差异性。  相似文献   

14.
β-胡萝卜素广泛存在于植物体中,是典型的线性多稀分子,具有重要的生物功能。由于β-胡萝卜素是碳碳单、双键(C-C,C=C)交替的短链共轭多稀分子,含有大量离域的π电子,具有重要的光电特性。根据Andreas等对拉曼散射强度的研究,当激发光波长落在分子的电子吸收带时,会产生共振拉曼效应,能使拉曼光谱强度提高106倍。利用共振拉曼光谱技术,测量了β胡萝卜素分子及胡萝卜、青萝卜、白萝卜肉质直根不同部位其拉曼光谱,发现含β-胡萝卜素较高的胡萝卜的拉曼光谱与β-胡萝卜素的吻合很好。Gellerman等研究表明,样品浓度与拉曼峰强成正比关系,从拉曼光谱中容易发现三种萝卜的光谱强度纵向根头到主根及横向表皮到根芯逐渐降低,且青萝卜和白萝卜拉曼光谱强度都很低,并在碳碳单键的振动峰处发生峰劈裂。分别计算了碳碳单键和碳碳双键与碳氢键拉曼强度比,三种萝卜的ICC/IC-H随着测量部位(横向和纵向)的不同变化幅度接近:胡萝卜的表皮和根芯纵向的变化率分别为A1=0.213 3和A2=0.215 9,青萝卜表皮外和里的变化率分别为B1=0.219 1和B2=0.211 4,白萝卜表皮外和里分别为D1=0.223 9和D2=0.224 1;而对于IC-C/IC-H随着测量部位不同其变化率相差很大:胡萝卜的变化率a1=0.212 1和a2=0.232 4,青萝卜的变化率b1=0.263 5和b2=0.268 7,白萝卜的变化率d1=0.369 0和d2=0.304 9。对比发现三种萝卜的碳碳单键与碳氢键振动强度比随着测量部位的不同变化幅度相差很大,而从碳碳双键与碳氢键振动强度比发现三种萝卜中不同部位的β胡萝卜含量有相似的分布。这是由于青萝卜和白萝卜中β-胡萝卜素的含量少, 随着测量部位的不同C-C伸缩振动峰发生峰劈裂, 即在1 130和1 156 cm-1处出现两个振动峰, 经过计算和分析这两个峰都属于碳碳单键的伸缩振动峰, 且随着β-胡萝卜素含量的减少C-C整体的强度降低, 劈裂的新峰峰强度却有增加的趋势, 这使得原峰位的峰强度大幅度降低, 这与计算IC-C/IC-H的结果一致,不同品种的萝卜中β-胡萝卜素含量随测量部位的不同变化幅度截然不同。因此, 当样品中β-胡萝卜含量较少时,利用C=C振动峰峰强度同时分析样品不同部位的β-胡萝卜素含量分布变化会更准确。同时,研究和了解萝卜中不同部位β-胡萝卜素的含量为日常消费和膳食营养提供了很好的理论依据。  相似文献   

15.
随着社会经济的发展,环境空气品质已经成为研究热点。TiO2是一种化学稳定性高,耐腐蚀性强,对人体无毒无害的N型半导体材料。利用TiO2的光催化性能提高室内环境空气品质已经成为研究焦点,但是由于TiO2只能在紫外光源下才具有较高的光催化效率,而在可见光源下的光催化效率较低,从而极大的限制了TiO2在室内环境领域的发展。因此,研发在可见光源下具有良好光催化性能的TiO2复合材料势在必行。利用元素掺杂改性技术与提高比表面积方法可以改善光催化反应过程中量子效率和对光能的利用率,以加快电子和空穴向表面迁移的速率同时降低光生载流子的复合机率。以二氧化硅SiO2为模板、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为成膜剂、硝酸铈Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和硝酸铜Cu(NO3)2·3H2O为改性剂采用溶胶-凝胶法制备均匀粒度分布的Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球,并将制备过程分为四个阶段,即纳米SiO2球模板的制备、Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球凝胶的制备、Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球的制备和Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的制备。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)与X射线衍射仪(XRD)对Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的制备过程各阶段生成物进行测试与分析,即在纳米SiO2球模板的制备阶段从微观角度研究纳米SiO2球模板的搭建过程,在Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球凝胶的制备阶段研究TiO2附着于纳米SiO2球模板的过程,在Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球的制备阶段研究煅烧工艺对Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球中晶相与结构的影响,在Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的制备阶段研究氢氧化钠溶液对Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球中纳米SiO2球模板洗涤效果的影响。利用紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的光响应性能进行测试与分析,以研究Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球对可见光源的利用效率。利用激光粒度分析仪(LPSA)与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的粒度分布与微观形貌进行测试与分析,以研究Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的均匀粒度分布效果。结果表明:以Si-O-Si基团构建非晶体结构的无定形态纳米SiO2球模板,有利于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮在纳米SiO2球模板表面附着,从而控制Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的空腔结构。Ce-Cu掺杂基本进入TiO2晶体,极少进入纳米SiO2球模板晶体,从而抑制了Ce-Cu/TiO2-SiO2复合微球中TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变。Ce-Cu掺杂TiO2可以促使TiO2内部形成新的能级,实现能量较小的光子捕获e-和h+,从而提高Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球对可见光源的利用效率。Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球的表面光滑且不存在明显的缺陷,其形貌呈现良好的球体且粒径分布均匀,即d90为219.54 nm,d50为151.60 nm、d10为103.84 nm,以及d90-d10为115.70 nm。研究结果为进一步获得可见光源下具有良好光催化性能的均匀粒度分布Ce-Cu/TiO2空心微球提供理论依据和研究基础。  相似文献   

16.
沥青分子结构和沥青热转化行为的调控是制备高品质沥青基炭材料的关键.为进一步明晰沥青热解行为与沥青分子结构间的关联性,选用8种有机溶剂对中温沥青(AGM P)在常温下进行超声萃取处理得到8种萃取物.利用PeakFit v4.12软件对各种萃取物的红外光谱吸收峰700~900,1000~1800,2800~3000和300...  相似文献   

17.
对石英音叉增强型光声光谱(QEPAS)系统中常用的石英音叉进行了有限元模态计算,获得石英音叉前6阶振型与模态频率,认知了第4阶对称摆动振型为有效振动,利用单因素法分析了石英音叉的音臂长度l1、音臂宽度w1、音臂厚度t、音臂切角θ、音臂圆孔直径d及音臂圆孔高度h对低阶有效共振频率(Fre)的影响,敏感度依次为: l1> w1>d>θ>t>h,考虑实际设计情形,筛选出了l1w1dh四个石英音叉设计变量,采用Box-Behnken实验设计方案与RSM(response surface methodology)方法,以Fre为函数目标,建立l1,w1,dh的二次回归响应面模型,得到了参数之间的交互作用,利用Design-Expert软件对响应面模型进行设计参数反求,结果表明,在15 000 Hz≤Fre≤25 000 Hz计算区域内误差较小,基本满足QEPAS系统的计算需求,所提出的研究与设计方法具有一定通用性,可为QEPAS系统中石英音叉结构参数设计提供参考。  相似文献   

18.
实木地板作为一种天然环保的地面铺装材料,得到越来越多消费者的选择,需求量日益剧增,而如何快速了解和检测木材材性一直是地板选材和质量检测急需解决的问题。采用了X射线剖面密度仪和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)两种快速检测技术,对市场上常用的进口地板材番龙眼和香二翅豆的剖面密度和化学主要组成成分进行了快速测定;同时采用直接测量法测量了木材的基本密度值,并将两种地板材快速测定密度值与实测密度值进行了相关性分析。剖面密度分析结果表明,香二翅豆的平均密度高于番龙眼的平均密度,两种地板材质地均匀性都很好;相关性数据表明番龙眼与香二翅豆两种地板材剖面密度的平均值与其基本密度值都具有很好的相关性,拟合后的相关系数达到了0.983和0.981,所有样品的两种密度的相关系数为0.991;傅里叶红外光谱分析结果表明香二翅豆的抽提物含量要高于番龙眼,香二翅豆木质素的特征峰I1 507/I1 425,I1 507/I1 740的高度比值高于番龙眼的,而纤维素的特征峰I895/I1 425,I895/I1 507高度比值低于番龙眼的,表明香二翅豆的木质素含量高于番龙眼,纤维素含量低于番龙眼。由此可见,X射线剖面密度仪可以快速检测出木材的质地均匀性以及预测木材基本密度值,而FTIR可以快速检测木材化学组分相对含量的高低,两种方法结合可以对实木地板材以及其他木材的物理化学性能进行快速检测。  相似文献   

19.
发动机是飞行器动力系统的核心组件,发动机流场的动态监测可以掌握发动机内部流场的燃烧情况,对于飞行器状态监测和性能评估具有重要意义.拥有先进的诊断技术是发展发动机技术的基础,也是研制新型航空航天飞行器的必要条件之一.激光吸收光谱技术可以实现燃烧场气体参数的测量,在发动机严苛的流场环境中,吸收光谱波长调制技术(WMS)可以...  相似文献   

20.
以Al2(SO4)3·18H2O、尿素为原料,采用水热-热解法制备了球形α-Al2O3粉体。以自制α-Al2O3、Y2O3及CeO2为原料,固相法制备了白光LED用Y2.93Al5O12∶0.07Ce3+黄色荧光粉,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)及荧光光谱(PL)等对产物的物相、形貌及光致发光性能进行了表征。结果表明:水热-热解法制备出了物相纯净、分散性良好的球形α-Al2O3粉体,以该α-Al2O3为原料,合成出可被460 nm蓝光有效激发,发射光谱为峰值在550 nm宽带的Y2.93Al5O12∶0.07Ce3+荧光粉,色坐标为(0.453,0.531 9),采用GSAS软件对Y2.93Al5O12∶0.07Ce3+荧光粉的XRD图进行了Rietveld结构精修,精修图与XRD测试图完全吻合,Y,Al,Ce,O四元素均匀地分布在黄色荧光粉产物中,Y2.93Al5O12∶0.07Ce3+黄色荧光粉的激发光谱由两个部分组成,在340和460 nm处有两个非常明显的吸收峰,Ce3+的4f能级由于自旋-耦合而劈裂为两个光谱支项2F7/2和2F5/2,其中2F5/2为基谱项。340 nm的激发峰对应于2F5/2→5D5/2的跃迁,460 nm的激发峰属于2F7/2→5D3/2的跃迁,并且460 nm处的激发强度强于340 nm处激发强度。以460 nm为监测波长得到的发射光谱,最强发射峰位于550 nm,Y2.93Al5O12∶0.07Ce3+荧光粉是一种适用于白光LED的高性能黄色荧光粉。  相似文献   

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