夸克─夸克等效相互作用与手征对称性

从手征变换不变的要求出发给出了一个包括四种场交换的夸克-夸克等效相互作用势.用处理集团模型的共振群方法计算了核子-核子散射³S₁和¹S₀态的相移.较好地解释了以往夸克势模型计算中¹S₀态相移与实验之间的差距.     

夸克─夸克等效相互作用与手征对称性

从手征变换不变的要求出发给出了一个包括四种场交换的夸克－夸克等效相互作用势．用处理集团模型的共振群方法计算了核子－核子散射３Ｓ１和１Ｓ０态的相移．较好地解释了以往夸克势模型计算中１Ｓ０态相移与实验之间的差距．     

基态八重态重子质量的手征描述

质量作为物质最基本的属性,其起源一直是物理学研究的根本问题之一。根据物质层次的 划分,理解可见宇宙物质（能量）组成的关键在于理解核子（基态重子）的质量。现代粒子物理与 原子核物理研究指出,基态重子质量的绝大部分来自强相互作用。然而,由于色禁闭现象,强相互 作用的基本理论–量子色动力学–在低能区无法解析求解,导致很长一段时间里对基态重子质量的 研究不得不借助于各种唯象模型。二十一世纪以来,随着计算机运算能力的发展和算法的持续改 进,格点量子色动力学模拟取得了令人瞩目的成绩,使得人类从第一原理出发计算基态重子的质 量,进而定量地理解质量的起源成为可能。另一方面,受到计算资源的限制,目前绝大部分格点 量子色动力学模拟必须采用比物理值大的轻夸克质量、不足够大的盒子体积和不足够小的格点间 距。因而,为了从格点量子色动力学模拟中提取感兴趣的观测量的物理值,必须对格点数据进行 如下三种延拓：手征延拓将轻夸克质量延拓到物理值（即mq ! mphys: q ）,有限体积修正将有限的四 维空间延拓到无穷大（即V = L4 ! 1）,连续性延拓将有限格点间距延拓到零（即a ! 0）。手征 微扰理论为开展这些延拓提供了必要的理论基础。作为量子色动力学的低能有效理论,手征微扰 理论原则上可以模型无关地描述强相互作用物理。但随着手征阶数的升高,仅仅依靠实验数据无 法完全确定理论中未知的低能常数。高统计量的格点量子色动力学模拟数据的出现为解决这一难 题提供了新的思路,从而使得基于高阶手征微扰理论的研究成为可能。本文将简要介绍当前基于 协变重子手征微扰理论对基态八重态重子质量及格点量子色动力学模拟数据的研究。     

SU(3)模型中夸克与手征场的相互作用

从SU(3)_L×SU(3)_R无穷小变换下不变拉氏量的线性表示形式出发,给出了夸克-夸克间的相互作用势.分析表明SU(3)标量手征场对解释AN相互作用中自旋关系的性质是很重要的.     

核力和重子相互作用

本文评述了核力和重子相互作用研究的历程,取得的成就和存在的问题。     

核力和重子相互作用

本文评述了核力和重子相互作用研究的历程,取得的成就和存在的问题。     

相对论平均场理论中的有效超子-核子相互作用

利用相对论平均场理论,结合单超核的实验数据,研究了核介质中的Λ超子–核子有效相互作用.通过符合13ΛC超核中Λ超子1s轨道的结合能实验值,给出了5组Λ超子–核子有效相互作用参数.利用这些参数组对质量数从9到2?0?8的单Λ超核和核物质中最低Λ态的束缚能进行了系统计算,得到的结果与实验值相符.     

相对论重离子碰撞中手征磁效应寻找的现状(英文)

量子色动力学中夸克和拓扑胶子场的相互作用可以产生局域宇称和共轭电荷宇称不守恒,这也许能解释宇宙中物质-反物质的不对称性。在强磁场下,宇称不守恒会导致粒子按正负电荷分离,此现象称为手征磁效应。在重离子碰撞实验中对电荷分离的测量主要受物理本底的影响,大部分的理论和实验工作一直致力于消除或减少这些本底。在此综述了相对论重离子碰撞中手征磁效应寻找的现状。Quark interactions with topological gluon fields in QCD can yield local P and CP violations which could explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe. Effects of P and CP violations can result in charge separation under a strong magnetic field, a phenomenon called the chiral magnetic effect (CME). Experimental measurements of the CME-induced charge separation in heavy-ion collisions are dominated by physics backgrounds. Major theoretical and experimental efforts have been devoted to eliminating or reducing those backgrounds. We review the current status of these efforts in the search for the CME in heavy-ion collisions.     

奇异强子与核子的相互作用

包含s夸克的强子称为奇异强子,它与核子相互作用的研究近年来有了长足发展 .在指出这种研究的重要意义后,从实验和理论两方面介绍奇异强子 (主要是K介子和超子 )与核子相互作用的研究现状及方法等 ,包括运动学和动力学机制、介子交换模型和夸克模型解释诸方面的问题. We try to highlight some of the key issues regarding the interactions between strange hadron and nucleon, which relate to the kinematics and dynamics mechanism, meson exchange model and quark model. Starting from a brief introduction on the main research goals, we focus on the status of experimental and theoretical investigations of kaon nucleon and hyperon nucleon interactions, which may be considered to be a necessary basis for the studies of nuclear physics with strangeness.     

相对论平均场理论对∧,Ξ和∑超核的研究(英文)

基于相对论平均场理论,系统地研究了单∧,Ξ和∑超核,超子-核子相互作用通过拟合实验数据以及参照之前理论工作来确定。以16O为核芯,通过加入不同类型超子（∧,Ξ0,-和∑+,0,-）,比较了超子的平均势场和单粒子能级,并研究了对核芯的杂质效应。整体上看,∧和Ξ0超子在大块性质上类似;Ξ0超子平均势场最浅;库仑相互作用对于带电超子Ξ-,∑+和∑-非常重要。作为杂质,原子核中加入超子会使整个体系更束缚。然而,不同超子对原子核的半径有不同效应。此外,讨论了ωYY张量耦合,发现其对超子的能级劈裂有显著影响,甚至导致Ξ超子中出现能级反转现象。Single ∧, Ξ, and ∑ hypernuclei are systematically studied within the framework of relativistic mean-field (RMF) model with YN interactions being constrained according to the experimental data and previous theoretical efforts. By adding a hyperon to 16O, the mean-field potentials and single-particle levels for hyperons (∧, Ξ0,-, and ∑+,0,-) are compared and the impurity effects on the nuclear core are examined. In general, the ∧ and ∑0 hyperons show similar behaviors in bulk properties since both of them are electroneutral and with similar coupling constants; Ξ0 hyperon owns the shallowest mean-field potential well; and Coulomb interactions play vital roles in the charged Ξ-, ∑-, and ∑+ hyperons. As an impurity, the intruded single-hyperon makes the nuclear system more bound in most cases due to the attractive NY interaction. However, very different effects on the nucleon radii are observed for different hyperons. Besides, the effects of the ωYY tensor couplings on the spin-orbit splitting are discussed, and remarkable influences are found which even change the level ordering of Ξ hyperon.     

Masses and Widths of Light Scalar Mesons in Chiral Perturbation Theory

Based on the diquark model, we assume that the light scalar mesons are q^2q^-2 states rather than qq^-. The chiral effective Lagrangian for the light scalar meson is constructed, and the mass relations are obtained： the isotriplet （a0） and the isosinglet （f0） are the heaviest and are degenerate, the isodoublets （κ） are heavier and the other isosinglet （σ） is the lightest; and 2Mκ^2 = Mα0^2＋ Mσ^2. Using experimental value for a0 and σ mass, we obtain Mκ=794 MeV, which is consistent with the experimental value. Then taking Г（a0^0 →ηπ^0） = 90 MeV and Г（f0→π^0π^0） = 20 MeV, we get the width of σ is： Г（σ0→π^＋π^-）= 150 MeV.     

Sigma Terms and Strangeness Contents of Baryon Octet in Modified Chiral Perturbation Theory

In the frame work of chiral perturbation theory, a modified effective Lagrangian for meson-baryon system is constructed, where the SU（3） breaking effect for meson is considered. The difference between physical and chiral limlt decay constants is taken into account. Calculated to one 1ooi） at O（p^3）, the sigma terms and strangeness contents of baryon octet are obtained.     

Trace Formulae of Characteristic Polynomial and Cayley-Hamilton＇s Theorem, and Applications to Chiral Perturbation Theory and General Relativity

By using combinatorics, we give a new proof for the recurrence relations of the characteristic polynomial coefficients, and we further obtain an explicit expression for the generic term of the coefficient sequence, which yields the trace formulae of the Cayley-Hamilton＇s theorem with all coefficients explicitly given. This implies a byproduct, a complete expression for the determinant of any finite-dimensional matrix in terms of the traces of its successive powers. And we discuss some of their applications to ehiral perturbation theory and general relativity.     

Transport coefficients in Chiral Perturbation Theory

We present recent results on the calculation of transport coefficients for a pion gas at zero chemical potential in Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) using the Linear Response Theory (LRT). More precisely, we show the behavior of DC conductivity and shear viscosity at low temperatures. To compute transport coefficients, the standard power counting of ChPT has to be modified. The effects derived from imposing unitarity are also analyzed. As physical applications in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, we show the relation of the DC conductivity to soft-photon production and phenomenological effects related to a non-zero shear viscosity. In addition, our values for the shear viscosity to entropy ratio satisfy the KSS bound.     

Renormalizability of leading order covariant chiral nucleon-nucleon interaction

In this work,we study the renormalization group invariance of the recently proposed covariant power counting in the case of nucleon-nucleon scattering [Chin.Phys.C 42(2018) 014103] at leading order.We show that unlike the Weinberg scheme,renormalizaion group invariance is satisfied in the ~3 P_0 channel.Another interesting feature is that the ~1 S_0 and ~3 P_1 channels are correlated.Fixing the relevant low energy constants by fitting to the ~1 S_O phase shifts at T_(lab).=10 and 25 MeV with cutoff values ∧=400-650 MeV,one can describe the ~3 p_1 phase shifts relatively well.In the limit of ∧→∞,the ~1 S_0 phase shifts become cutoff-independent,whereas the ~3 P_1 phase shifts do not.This is consistent with the Wigner bound and previous observations that the ~3 P_1 channel is best treated perturbatively.As for the ~1 P_1 and ~3 S_1-~3 D_1 channels,renormalization group invariance is satisfied.     

On Field Theory Methods in Singular Perturbation Theory

Singular and supersingular finite rank perturbations of self-adjoint operators are studied using methods from renormalization theory for quantum fields. It is shown that the ideas from dimensional and Pauli–Villars regulatizations can be applied to determine uniquely certain finite rank supersingular perturbations. Approach is based on the regularization of homogeneous singular quadratic forms.     

Hartree-Fock基矢下第一性原理的多体微扰理论计算

从现实核力出发（手征有效场论N3LO）,应用多体微扰理论对一些双幻核进行计算。借助相似重整化群理论对手征有效场论核力进行"软化"处理。在Hartree-Fock基矢下对有效哈密顿量进行多体微扰理论计算,对能量的修正计算到第三阶,对波函数微扰修正到第二阶。利用反对称化的Goldstone图对波函数进行展开,进而对单体密度进行修正,从单体密度出发对原子核半径进行计算。与实验数据进行对比,给出了很好的计算结果。Starting from chiral N3LO, we have applied many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) to the structure of spherical, doubly closed-shell nuclei. The two-body N3LO interaction is softened by a similarity renormalization group transformation. The MBPT calculations are performed within the Hartree-Fock (HF) bases. Higher-order corrections in the HF basis are small relative to the leading-order perturbative result. Corrections up to the third order in energy and up to the second order in wave function are evaluated. Using the anti-symmetrized Goldstone diagram expansions of the wave function, we directly correct the one-body density for the calculation of the radius. Our results are in very good agreement with experimental data.     

Gasser-Leutwyler Coefficients of Chiral Lagrangian for Pseudoscalar Goldstone Bosons in Dyson-Schwinger Equations

Based on the Dyson-Schwinger equations of quark propagator in rainbow truncation with an effective gluon propagator, the ten unknown Gasser-Leutwyler coefficients of the chiral Lagrangian for pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons are predicted. The predicted values of Li with i= 1, 2,..., 10 are in a reasonable agreement with empirical values used widely in literature, and the values predicted by many other theoretical models with QCD characteristics.     

PT-Symmetry, Canonical Decomposition, Perturbation Theory

Let H be any PT-symmetric Schrödinger operator of the type H=- ² +x ² +igW(x), where W is a real polynomial, odd under reflection of all coordinates, gR, acting on L ² ( R ^d ). The proof is outlined of the following statements: PH is self-adjoint and its eigenvalues coincide with the eigenvalues of (H*H). Moreover the eigenvalues of (H*H), known as the singular values of H, can be computed via perturbation theory by Borel summability.