测量脉冲大电流的四光路光学电流传感器技术

 在传统光学电流传感器技术的基础上，提出了一种四光路光学电流传感器，其通过四路输出信号可准确确定偏转角，使电流的测量范围不受正弦函数的单调性的限制，从而提高了电流的测量范围。配合四光路结构，提出了新的反正切函数数据处理方法，其不存在角度不灵敏区、可纠正原始数据的缺陷，从而提高了测量精度。实测了充电电压为4.5 kV、电容为50 μF和导线有效穿过磁光探头14次的快开快门的总短路电流，其峰值达85 kA，与理论值87 kA能较好地吻合，从而证明了四光路光学电流传感器可有效地测量脉冲大电流。     

基于氧化锌纳米薄片的高性能增强型场效应管和紫外光传感器

借助气相输运凝结法成功制备出数纳米厚的氧化锌纳米薄片并充分研究其结构与光学性质. 利用此薄片构建出场效应管和紫外光传感器. 由于其独特的结构,此场效应管被证实为n沟道增强型并具有好的电学特性,其场效应迁移率可达到256 cm²/(V·s),开关比约为10⁸. 而且其紫外光传感器的光响应也可显著提高到3×10⁸.     

实用化光学电流传感器光路系统的研究

介绍了基于法拉第效应的光学电流互感器,对其光路系统进行了深入的研究。采用了一种全闭合的传感头结构并解决了光的耦合问题。从提高实用化光学电流传感器的可靠性出发,设计了一套具有光路自诊断能力的主辅光路系统,此传感器已在110kV变电站试运行。     

实用化光学电流传感器光路系统的研究

介绍了基于法拉第效应的光学电流互感器，对其光路系统进行了深入的研究。采用了一种全闭合的传感头结构并解决了光的耦合问题。从提高实用化光学电流传感器的可靠性出发，设计了一套具有光路自诊断能力的主辅光路系统，此传感器已在１１０ｋＶ变电站试运行。     

光学玻璃电流互感器中互易性问题的理论研究

针对“折返式光路在可使Faraday效应加倍的同时消除线性双折射的影响”的说法,导出了具有折返光路的正交共轭反射式（OCR式）、直接反射式（DR式）及屋脊棱镜反射式（RPR式）光学电流传感器模型的等效传输矩阵.结果表明,当不存在法拉第效应时,OCR式折返光路可以消除线性双折射影响,DR式以及RPR式折返光路不能消除线性双折射的影响;在法拉第效应与双折射同时存在时情况下,上述三种折返光路都不能消除线性双折射的影响.因此,这一说法至少在采用惯常的差除和信号处理方案的光学玻璃电流互感器中是否成立有待商榷.     

一种新型Sagnac式光纤电流传感器

为了消除震动对Sagnac式电流传感器测量结果的影响,提出一种光路改进方法来消除传感器对震动的敏感性,其基本原理是抵消Sagnac效应而不影响法拉第磁光效应。利用琼斯矩阵对改进后的光路结构进行了偏振态分析,理论分析和实验结果吻合,表明改进后的传感器其输出与震动无关。耦合半波片后Sagnac式光纤电流传感器的震动敏感性被消除了,为Sagnac式光纤电流传感器的工程化实现提供了一种可行的方法。     

一种3×3Sagnac光纤高压电流传感器的设计

提出了一种新颖的光纤干涉型电流传感器结构 ,对其工作原理进行了分析 ,导出了其光路部分的数学模型 ,并通过实验验证了该传感器设计的合理性。与法拉第磁光效应的光纤电流传感器相比较 ,该传感器能自动补偿光纤固有的双折射和温度等环境变化产生的干扰以及光源幅度噪声的影响等优点 ;与一般干涉仪相比其工作动态范围可以扩大数百倍。     

延迟片法测量光学玻璃电流传感头线性双折射

测量光学传感头内线性双折射的大小对于提高光学电流传感器的性能有重要意义.本文报告了一种测量光学玻璃电流传感头线性双折射的新方法,以琼斯矩阵为数学工具给出了对该方法的理论分析及测量不确定度分析,并用实验方法给出了应用实例.此方法的主要优点是弥补了以前报告测量方法的不足,即无法唯一地确定光学玻璃电流传感头线性双折射的大小.本方法采用的光路所用元件容易获得且测量结构简单实用.     

光学电流传感器的新进展

利用法拉第磁电效应可实现电流的光学法测量.采用光学纤维或光学玻璃作为传感元件的电流传感器一直是研究和发展的重要课题.在本文中将概述光纤电流传感器中的主要问题,并着重介绍光学玻璃电流传感器的最新发展成果.     

线性双折射色散对OCS灵敏度影响的理论研究

以琼斯矩阵为数学工具,利用理论分析和计算机仿真的方法研究了线性双折射的色散特性及其对光学电流传感器灵敏度的影响. 在光学电流传感器系统中,光源的驱动电流与环境温度改变,都会造成光源峰值波长移动. 由于光学玻璃材料线性双折射的色散特性,会使光学电流传感器的灵敏度随光源波长的变化而改变. 研究结果表明,线性双折射的色散特性会对输出曲线的尺度因子产生影响,但是影响很小可以忽略. 本研究结果可为光学电流传感器的研究设计人员提供有用的参考.     

Microwave and THz sensing using slab-pair-based metamaterials

In this work the sensing capability of an artificial magnetic metamaterial based on pairs of metal slabs is demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally, in the microwave regime. The demonstration is based on transmission measurements and simulations monitoring the shift of the magnetic resonance frequency as one changes a thin dielectric layer placed between the slabs of the pairs. Strong dependence of the magnetic resonance frequency on both the permittivity and the thickness of the dielectric layer under detection was observed. The sensitivity to the dielectrics′ permittivity (ε) is larger for dielectrics of low ε values, which makes the approach suitable for sensing organic materials also in the THz regime. The capability of our approach for THz sensing is also demonstrated through simulations.     

Multi-core orthogonal fluxgate sensor

A multi-core orthogonal fluxgate sensor is presented, in which the sensing element is formed by multiple insulated thin-wires of a soft ferromagnetic material. Experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of the sensor. The results showed that the sensor sensitivity increased exponentially with increasing the number of cores in the sensing element. Such an increase was neither due to increase in the excitation current passing through the sensing element because the number of cores was increased, nor due to the increase of the ferromagnetic material in the sensing element. The results further showed that the sensitivity increases with increasing the number of cores exponentially only if the multiple cores of the sensing element are closely packed, and that there is a resonance in the sensing output corresponding to an external field, which becomes significant as the number of cores reaches a certain large value and varies in its corresponding external magnetic field with the frequency of the excitation current. All the results indicated that in multi-core orthogonal fluxgate sensor, driven by the high frequency of the excitation current passing through the multiple cores, there is a dynamic magnetic interaction between the cores in the sensing element, which increases the sensitivity.     

用于Faraday电流传感器的保偏膜光学电流传感元件

本文报告了一种用于高电压电流传感系统的、带有保偏反射介质膜的光学法拉第电流传感头的设计与性能测试结果.实验结果表明:该传感头的灵敏度与无保偏反射介质膜但其它参数均相同的传感头相比提高了86.7%.文中还介绍了该传感头的五项优点.     

Curvature sensor based on a pressure-induced birefringence single mode fiber loop mirror

An optical fiber curvature sensor based on a pressure-induced birefringence singlemode fiber loop mirror is presented. The birefringer SMF is made by applying a transverse force against a short length of singlemode fiber. The length of the sensing element for the curvature sensing is about 150 mm. The sensitivity of the curvature measurement experimentally is 0.0263 m⁻¹/pm. And the temperature effect of the proposed sensor is also analyzed. Comparing with the sensor of photonic crystal fiber, it is more convenient and simply.     

Optical current sensing element with single medium layers for high voltage applications

The performance of a Faraday current sensing element with single medium layer coatings with potential for use at high voltage is reported, and the principle and the design parameters of the polarization-preserving, totally reflecting, single medium layer are given. The performance of the sensing element is demonstrated, showing a sensitivity of approximately 90% of the theoretically achievable maximum for an ideal case, a ratio error of 0.33% over a 7 h stability period and a 21 dB EMI immunity. Some of the advantages of this design are considered and discussed.     

Humidity sensing properties of Pd-doped ZnO nanotetrapods

Pd²⁺-doped ZnO nanotetrapods were prepared and studied for the humidity detection application. The humidity sensors developed were featured by combination of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) as a transducer and Pd²⁺-doped ZnO nanotetrapods as a sensing element. The ZnO nanotetrapods were synthesized by evaporating highly pure zinc pellets (99.999%) at 900 °C in air and PdCl₂ was doped on by traditional solution mixing process. Then the mixed solution distributed onto the electrode surfaces of the quartz crystal at room temperature. Pd²⁺-doped ZnO nanotetrapods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results indicated that the response of the sensors varied with the different dosage PdCl₂. Linear regression algorithm was used for evincing the highly linear behavior of the Pd²⁺-doped ZnO nanotetrapods sensor. In this humidity sensing system, the Pd²⁺-doped ZnO nanotetrapods sensing material coated on the gold electrode of QCM showed good sensitivity (∼74.24324 Hz/%RH (relative humidity)), reproducibility, linearity (R² = −0.98834), short response and recovery time (less than 5 s).     

Refractive index sensors based on Ag-metalized nanolayer in microstructured optical fibers

We propose refractive index sensors based on Ag-metalized nanolayer in microstructured optical fibers. The surface plasmon resonance modes and the sensing properties are theoretically analyzed using finite element method (FEM). In the calculation, Drude–Lorentz model is used to describe the Metal Dielectric constant. The calculation results show that the sensitivity of Ag-metalized SPR sensor can reach 1500 nm/RIU corresponding to a resolution of 6.67 × 10^?5 RIU. Comparing with conventional detecting material-Au under the same structure, the sensitivity and 3 dB bandwidth of our device are better.     

Detection of hydrogen with SnO2-coated ZnO nanorods

SnO₂-coated ZnO nanorods on c-plane sapphire substrates were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition. The thickness of the polycrystalline SnO₂ was ∼10 nm, as determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, while the diameter of the ZnO nanorods was ∼30 nm. The sensitivity of the SnO₂/ZnO structures to hydrogen was tested by depositing Ti/Au Ohmic contacts on a random array of the nanorods and measuring the current at fixed voltage. There was no response to 500 ppm H₂ in N₂ at room temperature, but we obtained a sensitivity of ∼70% at 400 °C. The SnO₂/ZnO structures exhibit drift in their recovery characteristics and for sequential detection of hydrogen, as generally reported for SnO₂ thin film sensors.     

Temperature and pressure sensitivities of the highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber with core asymmetry

We investigated a particular design of a highly birefringent PCF with attractive features for pressure sensing applications. A plane-wave method together with the finite element method were used to numerically calculate phase and group modal birefringence, pressure and temperature sensitivities of our fiber. The simulation results together with the experiments demonstrate a considerable difference between a very high phase birefringence (B ∼ 10⁻³) and a very low negative group birefringence (G −10⁻³). Our fiber exhibits a low and positive temperature sensitivity (K_T < 0.1 rad/(K⋅m)), and relatively high and negative mechanical (pressure) sensitivity (K_p ≤ −10 rad/(MPa⋅m)), which supports its possible use as a mechanical sensor that does not require any temperature compensation.     

Integrated photonic glucose biosensor using a vertically coupled microring resonator in polymers

A photonic glucose biosensor incorporating a vertically coupled polymeric microring resonator was proposed and accomplished. The concentration of a glucose solution was estimated by observing the shift in the resonant wavelength of the resonator. For achieving higher sensitivity the contrast between the effective refractive index of the polymeric waveguide and that of the analyte was minimized. Actually, the effective refractive index of the polymeric waveguide (n = ∼1.390) was substantially close to that (n = ∼1.333) of the fresh solution with no glucose. The fabricated resonator sensor with the free spectral range of 0.66 nm yielded a sensitivity of ∼280 pm/(g/dL), which corresponds to ∼200 nm/RIU (refractive index units) as a refractometric sensor, and provided a detection limit of refractive index change on the order of 10⁻⁵ RIU.