FAIR收集环二极超导实验磁体的研究

为验证国际反质子和离子加速器(Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research-FAIR)收集环(Collector Ring-CR)二极超导磁体工程设计的可靠性,设计并制造了用于导体性能测试的实验磁体,借助基于有限元的ANSYS软件对其进行了分析,达到了实验磁体的强度要求,实验结果表明导体在低温下性能稳定。进行的研究为收集环二极超导磁体的研发提供了有益的参考。     

反质子和离子加速器收集环的超导二极磁体设计

介绍了德国FAIR工程中的收集环(CR)超导二极磁体的工程设计。用CATIA软件建立了CR超导二极磁体的三维模型,并用ANSYS软件对建立的1/4模型进行了磁场和电磁力的分析,基于磁场分析对线圈盒进行了位移和应力的初步分析,并对磁体失超后液氦容器可能出现的最大位移和最大应力进行了分析。进行的分析研究为实验磁体和产品磁体的制造提供了必要的参数。     

FAIR收集环超导二极磁体支撑设计与热负荷分析

为保证FAIR收集环(Collector ring-CR)超导二极磁体工作过程中的磁场位形符合设计要求,同时保证由磁体支撑带来的热负荷小于设计要求,用CATIA软件建立了不同结构的磁体支撑3D模型,并用ANSYS有限元分析软件对建立的模型进行了低温热负荷分析和结构分析。通过比较分析的结果和对磁体支撑结构进行的进一步优化,确定了316LN+G10材料的支撑结构,为收集环超导二极磁体工程制造提供了参考。     

GSI收集环二极磁体稳定性分析

收集环二极磁体在探测反质子和离子加速器装置中有着重要的作用.在本文中,通过对收集环二极磁体的绝热理论分析,得出其稳定性参数与运行电流之间的关系.另外运用Miils方程计算得出失超后收集环二极磁体内导体温度与时间的对应关系.     

超导磁体的短路环保护

本文讨论了高电流密度的大型超导磁体在失超保护上遇到的困难和短路环保护技术的物理原理,我们在多芯NbTi复合线绕制的小型磁体上,采用高纯铝作为短路环保护,实验观测到,在磁体未失超而关断供电电流的情况,能量基本上转移至短路环内;磁体电流较大时,磁体电流衰减的速率较大。在通过加热器人为触发失超的情况下,一部分磁体电流转移到短路环内;初始电流较大时,转移率较大,因此,将降低超导磁体失超后的温升。实验又观察到,当有短路环时,失超感应电压下降。     

基于REBCO环片的环向磁体的俘获场特性

利用REBCO环片的结构,研制出一种由六组单元环向场磁体沿环向均匀分布组合构成的环向磁体样机。其中每组单元环向场磁体由REBCO环片和绝缘片交替堆叠构成。在77 K温度下,采用四引线法测得单个REBCO环片的临界电流为43 A。基于场冷和多脉冲场两种磁化方法,通过霍尔探头测得两种磁化方法下单个环向场磁体俘获磁场分别为2.43 mT和1.87 mT。结果表明,环向磁体实现了在无电流引线和无焊接电阻下的持续电流运行。因此,这种结构的环向磁体可作为永久磁体俘获高磁场,有望应用于大规模的环向磁体并为环向磁体的工业应用提供参考。     

多脉冲磁场下含热开关高温超导环的励磁研究

针对堆叠式高温超导磁体的持续电流模式运行,提出一种由多脉冲磁场和热开关组合的励磁方法。在77 K温度下对高温超导环进行了系统的励磁实验研究,并采用有限元方法建立模型对高温超导环中的电流及产生的磁场进行了仿真。励磁结束后高温超导环产生的磁场稳定,磁场大小与多脉冲磁场幅值呈正相关。结果表明,该励磁方法可行,有望应用于堆叠式高温超导磁体的持续电流模式运行。     

FAIR工程中CR二极超导磁体样机的结构分析

介绍了德国FAIR(The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)工程中收集环CR(Collector Ring)二极超导磁体的结构设计;用CATIA软件建立了CR二极超导磁体的三维模型,并用有限元分析软件ANSYS对建立的模型进行了磁场和电磁力的分析;基于磁场分析对线圈盒进行了位移和应力的分析;对磁体失超后液氦容器可能出现的最大位移和最大应力进行了分析,为正式磁体的制造提供了必要的参数。     

高温超导环向场D型线圈的电磁设计

随着高温超导材料和应用技术的进步,采用高温超导技术已成为未来磁约束核聚变装置的发展方向。以ITER托卡马克环向场磁体为研究和应用对象,采用YBCO带材进行了小型高温超导环向场D型线圈的电磁设计,分析了在带材的总用量一定的情况下,线圈的个数和布局对环向场磁体的临界电流、磁场强度及位形的影响,探讨了高温超导环向场磁体的电磁设计方法和技术要点。     

35kJ直接冷却高温超导储能磁体

介绍了直接冷却高温超导储能磁体的基本结构,分析了磁体的电磁特性,分析结果表明,磁体电磁设计中采用端部两对饼并联的方式,削弱了磁体端部磁场径向分量,提高临界电流,磁体表现了较好的电磁特性;仿真了磁体与电力系统进行功率交换时的热特性,仿真结果与实验结果两者温度变化总体趋势是一致的;介绍了磁体的冷却实验和磁体系统的动态模拟实验结果.实验结果表明磁体的冷却措施和低温系统的冷却方案是可行的,磁体具有较好的热稳定性.     

高层大气被动探测技术

简要介绍了高层大气被动探测技术的研究历史、现状和发展趋势.论述了高层大气被动探测技术的基本原理和方法,给出了高层大气被动探测的辐射源和气辉谱线、四强度探测法和临边探测模式.重点介绍了自行设计研制的风成像干涉仪的宽场、消色差、温度补偿理论以及工程设计和研制.采用风成像干涉仪进行了模拟高层大气探测实验,给出了高层大气风场、...     

Theory of infra-red and optical spectra of antiferromagnets

The contributions of magnons to the optical properties of antiferromagnets having the rutile structure are discussed. The properties considered are electric-dipole active two-magnon absorption in the infra-red, and magnon sidebands on sharp-line exciton transitions in the visible. The discussion is based on a thorough treatment of the properties of excitons and magnons in the antiferromagnetically ordered state. The site-group and space-group symmetries of the magnetic excitations are derived and the selection rules for electric and magnetic dipole transitions are determined. The occurrence of magnetic Davydov splittings of the excitons is investigated, and their symmetry properties throughout the Brillouin zone are derived. The functional dependences of exciton energy on wave vector are calculated. Applications of the theory are made to experimental results on excitons and magnons in MnF₂, FeF₂ and CoF₂.

The possible mechanisms for two-magnon and magnon-sideband absorption are discussed, and the influence of crystal symmetry on these mechanisms is described. The two-magnon state responsible for electric-dipole absorption is identified and selection rules for electric-dipole activity are presented. A spin Hamiltonian for the two-magnon process is set up and used to derive expressions for absorption coefficients for electric vector parallel and perpendicular to the crystal c-axis. Comparison with experiment for MnF₂ yields numerical values for the parameters of the basic coupling mechanism. The exciton-magnon states which give rise to magnon-sideband absorption are explicitly constructed and electric-dipole selection rules are derived for all possible types of sideband. Spin Hamiltonians for the various magnonsideband absorption processes are presented and used to derive expressions for sideband shapes. The results are applied to the experimental spectra for MnF₂ and FeF₂ and the sideband shapes in MnF₂ are calculated numerically. The sideband shapes observable in emission spectra are also briefly discussed.     

Interband transitions in a narrow-band spherical InSb quantum layer in the presence of an electric field

The interband transitions in a narrow-band InSb quantum spherical layer are studied theoretically within the framework of the spherical rotator model. The electron and light-hole dispersions are described using the two-band Kane approximation, while for heavy holes the standard dispersion is considered. The absorption coefficients for transitions between conduction and lighthole, heavy-hole bands are calculated. The selection rules and threshold absorption frequencies are determined. It is shown that in the presence of a weak electric field the selection rules and threshold absorption frequencies for dipole transitions are modified.     

Electronic Stopping Power for 0.05--10MeV Protons in a Group of Organic Materials

Electronic stopping powers for 0. 05-10 MeV protons in a group of organic materials are systematically calculated. The calculations are based on Ashley＇s dielectric model, and an evaluation approach of optical energy loss function is incorporated into Ashley＇s model because no experimental optical data are available for most of the organic materials under consideration. The Barkas-effect correction and Bloch correction are included. The proton stopping powers for the considered organic materials except for mylar in the energy range from 0.05 to 10 MeV are presented for the first time. The results may be useful for studies of various radiation effects in these materials and for space research.     

Influence of the Shape of the Orifice on the Local Heat Transfer Distribution of a Flat Plate Impinged by Under-Expanded Sonic Jets

Experiments are carried out for the circular, square, and equilateral triangular orifices of the same contraction ratio in order to explore the heat transfer characteristics for nozzle pressure ratios of 2.36, 3.04, 3.72, 4.4, and 5.08 at z/d = 2, 4, 6, and 8. The presence of vena contracta and shock cells and its locations are estimated from the impact pressure distribution along the axial direction. The pressure drop during the initial expansion is minimal for the equilateral triangular orifice. However, this pressure drop is comparable for the square and circular orifices. The heat transfer characteristics of the circular orifice are nearly axisymmetric, but that for non-circular jets are asymmetric, and the three dimensional effects are clearly observed. This is inferred through the spatial gradients of the Nusselt number and adiabatic wall temperature distributions. The linear correlations for the average Nusselt number are proposed for the circular, square, and equilateral triangular orifices.     

Relativistic Distorted-Wave Collision Strengths of Ni-, Cu- and Zn-like Au Ions

Excitation energies and electron impact excitation strengths from the ground states of Ni-, Cu- and Zn-like Au ions are calculated. The collision strengths are computed by a 213-levels expansion for the Ni-like Au ion, 405- levels expansion for the Cu-like Au ion and 229-levels expansion for the Zn-like Au ion. Configuration interactions are taken into account for all levels included. The target state wavefunctions are calculated by using the Grasp92 code. The continuum orbits are computed in the distorted-wave approximation, in which the direct and exchange potentials among all the electrons are included. Excellent agreement is found when the results are compared with previous calculations and recent measurements.     

功率GaAs MESFET小信号模型参数的提取（英）

采用非本征元件的参数作为本征元件参数函数的自变量的方法，求解MESFET小信号等效电路模型，并彩相对误差来构建目标函数。以FET在零偏置状态的非本征元件值作为初值，通过优化求得了热FET状态的本征元件值，S参数的计算值与实验值吻合得很好，S11的相对误差为0.09%,S12为1.1%,S21为0.08%，S22为 2.26%。该方法收敛快，精度高并且效率高，便于移植到微波器件CAD设计和模拟软件中。     

Methods of reduction for Lagrange systems on time scales with nabla derivatives

The Routh and Whittaker methods of reduction for Lagrange system on time scales with nabla derivatives are studied.The equations of motion for Lagrange system on time scales are established, and their cyclic integrals and generalized energy integrals are given. The Routh functions and Whittaker functions of Lagrange system are constructed, and the order of differential equations of motion for the system are reduced by using the cyclic integrals or the generalized energy integrals with nabla derivatives. The results show that the reduced Routh equations and Whittaker equations hold the form of Lagrnage equations with nabla derivatives. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.     

Electronic structure of hydrogen and muonium in Al,Mg and Cu

The electronic structure of hydrogen and muonium in simple metals is investigated. The spherical solid model potential is used for the discrete lattice and the Blatt correction for lattice dilation. The proton and muon are kept at the octahedral sites in the fcc and hcp lattices and self-consistent non-linear screening calculations are carried out. The scattering phase shifts, electronic charge density, effective impurity potential, self-energy, charge transfer, residual resistivity and Knight shift are calculated. The spherical solid potential changes the scattering character of impurity. The phase shifts are found slowly converging. The scattering is more prominent in Al than in Mg and Cu. The virtual bound states of proton and muon are favoured in all the three metals. The calculated value of residual resistivity for CuH is in good agreement with the experimental value. The results for Knight shift forμ ⁺ in Cu and Mg are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values while those forμ ⁺ in Al are lower than the experimental value. The analytical expressions for effective impurity potential and electronic charge density are suggested.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铝合金中La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm

利用ICP—AES仪测定稀土铝合金中微量的La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm。试样用酸分解,直接上机测定,对光谱干扰情况和仪器参数的选择进行了研究。实验结果和推荐值核对相符。