电流变液中悬浮粒子的布朗运动与其聚集之间关系

在外电场作用下,电流变液中粒子链的聚集与其布朗运动密切相关。为了具体分析这种关系,采用不分离但有相互运动的双球构成的系统去简化粒子链。通过分析双球系统布朗运动特性,得到其无规运动轨迹维数小于2,大量这样的系统在平面中就不可能均匀分布。这说明由于存在布朗运动,在外电场中电流变液中粒子链必然相互聚集,即形成高密度区与低密度区。 关键词：     

不同介电常数悬浮颗粒的电流变液固态结构

讨论了两种不同介电常数的固体颗粒不同配比时,对电流变液固态结构的影响。计算结果表明,颗粒的介电常数及配比变化时电流变液的固态结构没有变化,只影响其能量大小;而且发现在低介电常数颗粒的电流变液中加入少许高介电常数颗粒会引起体系能量的显著下降,从而增加了电流变液的稳定性和剪切应力。     

电流变液中悬浮颗粒的体积与形状的变化

基于偶极近似 ,运用电极化方法 ,定量研究了电流变液中悬浮颗粒在外电场作用下其体积和形状的变化 ,并计算了其体积和形状的相对变化率 .研究结果表明 :悬浮颗粒的体积和形状的相对变化率均与电场强度的平方成正比 ,并与ER本身的性质有关 .一般情况下 ,颗粒的体积和形状的相对变化率分别为 8.4 %和 12 .5 % ,对总体积变化率的贡献为 1.6 8% .这种变化对于ER系统的电涨和电热都作出了贡献 ,仅当将颗粒当作刚性球时 ,其自由能才与电场强度的平方成正比 .     

基于电流变液结构的光栅衍射实验研究

电流变液作为一种智能材料,在外加电场作用下其物理性质会发生改变,并从液态转变为类固态。电流变液颗粒在均匀电场下形成偶极矩并导致链状结构的产生,在宏观上聚合成不透光的柱状条纹。在特定条件下,不透光的链状结构形成周期性排列,类似光栅的结构。我们设计了相应的实验,研究了基于电流变液结构在匀强电场下的光栅衍射现象。研究结果表明,电流变液浓度作为主要因素,影响条纹结构清晰程度、光栅常数、狭缝宽度、衍射主极强间距并决定了衍射图样是否明显。     

电流变液透光性的可调节特征

利用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光测量ＳｉＯ２和硅油组成的电流变液的透光性，平行于激光束施加电场时，适当浓度的电流变液显示出透光性随电场可调节的特征。垂直于激光束施加电场时，透射光强度迅速下降随后缓慢恢复，但对于高浓度（２％）试样没有观察到透射光强度最初的快速下降阶段。     

电流变液中电场强度的半解析计算

在Bergman表示的基础上,建立了电介质电流变液中电场和小球表面极化电荷的表达式,并以电流变液的基态结构——BCT结构为例进行了数值计算.定量讨论了多极矩的贡献与小球间距的关系,并给出了偶极近似成立的条件. 关键词：     

电流变液的研究进展及应用前景

电场致流变液体（电流变液）是一些高介电小颗粒和低介电油液的混合体，它在高电场作用下呈现液体与固体间的变换，变换时间为几毫秒，而且变换可逆。阐明了电流变液的原理，综述了电流变液在机制、材料及应用等方面的研究现状，并介绍了电流变液在技术和工业上广泛的应用前景。     

电场方向对电流变液剪切应力的影响

采用分子动力学模拟的方法,研究了电场方向对电流变液剪切应力的影响结果表明由于流体中自发倾斜链的形成,剪切应力对电场方向有明显的依赖关系,并且在某些特定方向应力会显著增强一种关于电流变液理想结构的理论模型计算证实了该结果,这样人们可通过选择电场的最优方向来增强电流变效应,而不需要额外的能量消耗,从而为电流变液走向实用提供了一条可能的途径 关键词：     

电流变液中的旋光现象

根据光波在介质中的传播理论，由麦克斯韦方程出发，对非均相结构电流变流导出在外电场与光场交互作用下旋光角ψ与入射线偏振光振动方向与外加电场方向间夹角θ及ζ（取决于电流变液材料本身及外加电场强度）的函数关系式。对不同浓度、不同场强下的SiO2电为液的旋光进行了测量，实验发现，同一场强作用下，旋光角ψ随浓度c的增大而增大；对于同一浓度，旋光角ψ随场强E增大而增大；在浓度c与场强E一定的情况下，旋光角ψ还随θ角而变化。实验结果与理论预测吻合较好。     

核壳型聚苯胺/钛酸钡的结构及其电流变性能

用改进的溶胶 凝胶法制备了核壳型聚苯胺 /钛酸钡复合微粉 ,通过TEM及FT IR分析表征了其形貌及微观结构 ,用复合微粉与氯化石蜡油配制成无水电流变 (ER)液 ,研究其不同膜厚核壳粒子的电流变性能 .研究结果表明 ,聚苯胺 /钛酸钡复合粒子配置成的电流变液的电流变性能较纯聚苯胺的为强 ;钛酸钡的涂层厚度对复合粒子电流变性能有重要影响 ;并在d =2 0nm时获得最佳电流变性能 .     

Ground State Structure of Hs Super-heavy Isotopes

The ground state properties of Hs nuclei studied in the framework of the relativistic mean field theory revealed that more stable isotopes are located on the proton abundant side of the chain.The last stable nucleus to the proton drip line is ~(256)Hs.The most stable unknown Hs nucleus may be ~(268)Hs.The density dependent delta interaction pairing is used to improve the BCS pairing correction,which results in more reasonable single-particle energy level distributions and nucleon occupation,and it is shown to be available to describe the properties of nuclei in the superheavy region.     

颗粒质量导致的电流变液结构演化特征

考虑电流变液颗粒质量的影响及多粒子近程相互作用,利用等效平板电导模型,由分子动力学方法模拟了泊肃叶流动状态下电流变液结构的演化过程特征;设计制作了实验装置,观测了泊肃叶流动行为,并与模拟结果进行比较.研究表明:在外电场作用下,计及颗粒质量效应后,电流变液结构演化中跃迁区速度变化的峰值减小,进入柱塞区状态的时间延长,柱塞区的宽度加大,且颗粒质量越大,效应越显著.实验观测的泊肃叶流动行为与模拟结果基本相符,且观察到极板壁上的颗粒静止不动,证明了“极板壁上颗粒静止不动”这一假设的正确性 关键词： 电流变液 泊肃叶流动 等效平板电导模型 结构演化     

Theoretical Investigation of Uniform and Non-uniform Penetrable Sphere Fluid

A bridge function approximation is proposed for a single-component fluid consisting of penetrable sphere interacting via a potential that remains finite and constant for center-center distance smaller than the particle diameter and is zero otherwise. The radial distribution function from the Ornstein-Zernike integral equation combined with the present bridge function approximation is in satisfactory agreement with the corresponding simulation data for all of the investigated state points. The presently calculated excess Helmholtz free energy respectively based on virial route and compressibility route is highly self-consistent, and is in very good agreement with simulational results for the case of low temperatures. The present bridge function approximation, combined with the bridge density functional approximation,can reproduce very accurately density profiles of the penetrable sphere fluid confined in a hard spherical cavity for all the cases where simulational results are available.     

基态UC2分子的结构和势能函数

采用密度泛函理论 (DFT)的B3LYP方法和相对论有效原子实势理论模型 (RECP) ,对UC2 分子可能的结构进行优化计算 ,得到UC2 分子稳定构型为角形C -U -C(C2v) ;由微观可逆性原理 ,判断了UC2 分子的离解极限 ;并且导出了基态UC2 分子 (X 5B1)的多体项展式势能函数 ,其势能面等值图展现了C -U -C(C2v)稳定结构 ;根据势能面等值图 ,讨论了C +UC(X 3 П)反应和U +C2 (X 1∑+ g)反应的势能面静态特征     

Theoretical Investigation of Uniform and Non-uniform Penetrable Sphere Fluid

A bridge function approximation is proposed for a single-component fluid consisting of penetrable sphere interacting via a potential that remains finite and constant for center-center distance smaller than the particle diameter and is zero otherwise. The radial distribution function from the Ornstein-Zernike integral equation combined with the present bridge function approximation is in satisfactory agreement with the corresponding simulation data for all of the investigated state points. The presently calculated excess Helmholtz free energy respectively based on virial route and compressibility route is highly self-consistent, and is in very good agreement with simulational results for the case of low temperatures. The present bridge function approximation, combined with the bridge density functional approximation, can reproduce very accurately density profiles of the penetrable sphere fluid confined in a hard spherical cavity for all the cases where simulational results are available.     

Relationship between the Structure and Photostability of Decahydroacridine Derivatives

The absorption and photoluminescence spectra of a number of derivatives of 3,3,6,6-tetramethyl-N-phenyl-decahydroacridine-1,8-dione with a regular change in the structure of molecules are investigated. Their electronic structure is calculated. The nature of some of the spectral bands is established. Significant differences in the efficiency of the processes of photochemical transformations of dyes exposed to UV irradiation have been revealed; these changes are attributable to the different donor-acceptor properties of the substituents introduced. A mechanism of phototransformations that agrees with both calculations of the electronic structure of molecules and the spectral-luminescent characteristics of the initial and irradiated compounds is suggested. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 454–459, July–August, 2005.