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O在Au(111)表面吸附的密度泛函理论研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用密度泛函理论,本文系统地研究了O在Au(111)表面上的吸附能、吸附结构、功函数、电子密度和投影态密度,给出了覆盖度从0.11ML到1.0ML的范围内,O的吸附特性随覆盖度变化的规律.研究发现O的稳定吸附位为3重面心立方(fcc)洞位,O在fcc洞位的吸附能对覆盖度比较敏感,其值随着覆盖度的增加而减小;O诱导Au(111)表面功函数的变化量与覆盖度成近线性关系,原因是Au表面电子向O偏移,形成表面偶极子;O—Au的相互作用形成成键态和反键态,且反键态都被占据,造成O—Au键很弱,O吸附能较小.关键词:表面吸附Au(111)表面密度泛函理论电子特性 相似文献
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本文利用第一性原理密度泛函理论研究了九种不同的吸附原子在铱(Ir)的(111)和(100)表面上的吸附性质. 探讨了Ir表面的功能化,因此吸附能、稳定的结构、态密度和磁矩,这将为进一步研究其在催化和其他表面应用中的可能展现的功能提供重要信息. 研究表明,三/四重空位点是Ir(111)/(100)表面最有利的吸附位点. 通过对大范围的覆盖率(从0.04到1个单层)的研究,表明吸附原子的吸附能具有很强的覆盖率依赖性. 吸附能随着覆盖率的增加而增加,这意味着吸附物之间存在排斥相互作用. 吸附原子和衬底电子态之间的强杂化会影响吸附性质,同时吸附原子的磁矩被抑制. 通过Bader电荷分析,揭示了吸附原子和衬底之间的大量电荷转移. 与(111)表面的结合相比,(100)表面吸附原子的结合更强. 相似文献
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采用第一性原理研究了H2O分子在Fe(100),Fe(110),Fe(111)三个高对称晶面上的表面吸附.结果表明,H2O分子在三个晶面上的最稳定结构皆为平行于基底表面的顶位吸附结构.H2O分子与三个晶面相互作用的吸附能及几何结构计算结果表明H2O分子与三个晶面的相互作用程度不同,H2O分子与Fe(111)晶面的相互作用最强,其次是Fe(100),相互作用最弱的是Fe(110)表面,而这与晶面原子的排列密度相关.吸附体系的电子结构计算结果也得出了相似的结论.同时电荷布居分析表明,H2O分子与Fe表面相互作用时,O原子与基底原子之间的电荷交换使基底Fe原子表面带负电,导致表面电位降低,也促使Fe表面更易于发生电化学腐蚀反应. 相似文献
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基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算,对过渡金属Ni晶体与Ni (111)表面的结构和电子性质进行了研究, 并探讨了单个C原子在过渡金属Ni (111)表面的吸附以及两个C原子在Ni(111)表面的共吸附. 能带和态密度计算表明, Ni晶体及Ni (111)表面在费米面处均存在显著的电子自旋极化. 通过比较Ni (111)表面各位点的吸附能,发现单个C原子在该表面最稳定的吸附位置为第二层Ni原子上方所在的六角密排洞位, 吸附的第二个C原子与它形成碳二聚物时最稳定吸附位为第三层Ni原子上方所在的面心立方洞位. 电荷分析表明,共吸附时从每个C原子上各有1.566e电荷转移至相邻的Ni原子, 与单个C原子吸附时C与Ni原子间的电荷转移量(1.68e)相当. 计算发现两个C原子共吸附时在六角密排洞位和面心立方洞位的磁矩分别为0.059μB和 0.060μB,其值略大于单个C原子吸附时所具有的磁矩(0.017μB). 相似文献
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采用第一性原理研究了SnPc分子在Ag(111)表面的吸附构型和电子结构. Sn-up和Sn-down两种优化的吸附构型与实验测量结果非常吻合,SnPc以Sn-down构型吸附在Ag(111)表面显得更稳定. Sn原子在两种吸附构型之间转换所需要能量与转换方向有关,由Sn-up向Sn-down构型转换时需翻越一个1.68 eV的能垒,反之需要2.17 eV. 扫描隧道显微镜理论模拟图像给出实验观测结果的主要特征,Sn-up分子的中心处为一个亮斑,而Sn-down分子中心为一个空洞. 计算结果验证了实验提出的Sn原子吸附位置的转换机理. 相似文献
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本文采用第一性原理和周期平板模型相结合的方法,对甲氧基在Ir(111)表面top,bridge,fcc和hcp位的吸附模型进行了构型优化、能量计算、Mulliken电荷布居分析以及差分电荷密度计算.结果表明,甲氧基通过氧原子与金属表面相互作用时,垂直吸附在fcc位是最有利的吸附构型,吸附能为2.26eV,此时电子从金属表面向甲氧基转移.吸附过程中C-O键振动频率发生红移,表明在该表面C-O键容易被活化.结合差分电荷密度分析表明,吸附时CH3O中氧的2p原子轨道和铱的dz2原子轨道相互作用形成σ键. 相似文献
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甘氨酸在Cu(111)表面吸附的扫描隧道显微镜研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
用超高真空扫描隧道显微镜(UHV-STM)研究了室温下甘氨酸在Cu(111)表面的吸附行为.实验发现,在低覆盖度下甘氨酸分子在表面表现为二维气体.当覆盖度足够高时,甘氨酸分子最终会形成二维固相结构,为(4×8)超结构.针对这种结构提出了两种可能的结构模型,模型能够很好地解释STM图.当覆盖度介于气相和固相之间时,根据蒸镀条件和退火条件的不同,表面可能出现两种不同的中间相,一种为条纹结构,另一种为六角结构,对于中间相有待于进一步的研究关键词:表面吸附甘氨酸铜扫描隧道显微术 相似文献
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P. J. Jensen 《Annalen der Physik》1997,509(4):317-326
We have generalized a method for the rapid evaluation of oscillating lattice sums for layered geometries, based on the Ewald's summation technique. Different types of long range interactions as well as different lattice symmetries can be considered, in particular modulated magnetic structures, periodic domain patterns, or periodic lattice distortions. As examples the demagnetizing energies for different thin films systems and magnetic excitations in a single atomic layer are calculated. 相似文献
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The wetting transition of a droplet on a patterned hydrophilic surface can occur spontaneously and may further lead to superwetting that has the potential to develop novel technologies in the field of anti-fogging, printing and heat transfer. However, it is still unknown how the wetting transition occurs on such a patterned surface. In contrast to the conventional view that wetting occurs immediately in the vertical direction upon the contact of the droplet with the solid surface due to the capillary force, we find that the droplet spreads first in the horizontal direction if the patterned surface has a large enough roughness. Then, the wetting transition occurs at the periphery rather than in the middle part of droplet, which is termed as “one-dimensional wetting”. We ascribe such an interesting phenomenon to the competition between the horizontal force arising from the non-equilibrium surface tension and the vertical capillary force as well as to the different pressure under the droplet, which lead to three different wetting routes. Thus, we hope that this new point of view can be helpful to the understanding of the wetting transition of the droplet on the patterned hydrophilic surface.https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/123/36003 相似文献
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We point out that Bose-Einstein condensation occurs at sufficiently low temperature in a hard-core d-lattice Bose gas for d3 and particle density 1/2, by exploiting its equivalence to a spin-1/2XY model. 相似文献
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利用基于密度泛函理论框架下的局域密度近似方法对Ne-CH4分子间的相互作用势进行了计算. 发现: 当Ne原子和CH4分子之间的距离约为5.8 a.u.时, 计算的势能曲线存在最小值, 对应的势阱深度约为0.053 eV. 计算结果与实验值符合较好. 相似文献
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本文从高密度氢气的分子间相互作用出发进行分析,在修改范德瓦耳方程的基础上,提出了一种新的适用于高密度氢气的状态方程,并用来系统地计算了氢气在临界区的等温压缩线.在缺乏实验数据的情况下,这些理论计算结果很有用. 相似文献
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The water-silicas interfacial interaction energies were calculated for samples of quartz, silicas and silicas outgassed at high temperatures using own and published data of the spreading pressure of water, its surface tension, its contact angle and using formulas obtained by the combination of the Young equation with a general equation of pair interaction. The values obtained for 18 different samples were in the range 7.80-6.92 kJ mol−1. Lower values of energies are for samples that contain relatively less amounts of water at P/P0 = 0.25 and are characterized also by relatively low values of surface pressures. 相似文献
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Using lattice Boltzmann approach, a phase-field model is proposed for simulating droplet motion with soluble surfactants. The model can recover the Langmuir and Frumkin adsorption isotherms in equilibrium. From the equilibrium equation of state, we can determine the interfacial tension lowering scale according to the interface surfactant concentration. The model is able to capture short-time and long-time adsorption dynamics of surfactants. We apply the model to examine the effect of soluble surfactants on droplet deformation, breakup and coalescence. The increase of surfactant concentration and attractive lateral interaction can enhance droplet deformation, promote droplet breakup, and inhibit droplet coalescence. We also demonstrate that the Marangoni stresses can reduce the interface mobility and slow down the film drainage process, thus acting as an additional repulsive force to prevent the droplet coalescence. 相似文献
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The anisotropy of the surface free energy has a large influence on the decay rate of periodic surface profiles at temperatures below the roughening temperature. This has been demonstrated by a study of the periodic surface profiles that were etched into vicinal Au(111) crystals in two orientations: with their wavevector parallel (ψ = 0) and perpendicular (ψ = π/2) to the intrinsic step direction of the vicinal surface. Due to this modulation, steps become either oscillatory in shape or remain straight, with their average separation modulated. Accordingly, profile decay is driven primarily by step self-energy (ψ = 0) or step interaction energy (ψ = π/2). The rate of decay was measured under ultra-high vacuum conditions at 750°C using a scanning tunneling microscope for imaging. A large anisotropy of decay was observed on two vicinal crystals of 1.5 and 5° miscut, with the ψ = 0 decay being much faster than with ψ = π/2). The results are evaluated and discussed in the framework of recent theory. 相似文献
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化学电阻气体传感器对于空气质量、食品检测和人体呼吸有着重要作用.传感器上修饰物硫醇与待测的VOCs之间吸附的气敏机理分析是选择硫醇、预测吸附能力与特异性的重要手段.本文选取了11-巯基-1-十一醇(MUD)和4-甲氧基苄硫醇(MTT)两种常见的硫醇与六种典型的VOCs(乙醇ETN、异丙醇IPA、丙酮ACN、正己烷HXN、甲苯TLN、苯甲醛BND),基于密度泛函理论(DFT),计算其表面静电势(ESP)并建立气体吸附模型.在气体吸附模型的基础上计算其吸附能,并分析其弱相互作用,从微观角度解释气体吸附的作用机理.实验结果表明,具有羟基的MUD分子对同样有羟基的气体(如ETN、IPA)能够以氢键的方式吸附,具有较强的选择效果;具有苯环的MTT分子与具有苯环结构的气体分子(如TLN、BND)吸附时会在苯环之间形成π-π堆积,基于色散作用进行吸附,这表明MTT分子对具有苯环结构的气体有着较强的吸附作用.研究发现其色散作用吸附的强弱与分子的表面ESP绝对值有关.本文对于传感器表面修饰物吸附气体的气敏机理进行了探究,并对表面修饰物的选择和实验结果预测提供了理论指导. 相似文献