Enantioselective Fluorescent Sensors for N-Boc-Protected Amino Acid Anions Based on BINOL

The four novel derivatives of BINOL have been prepared and the structures of these compounds characterized by IR, MS, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The enantioselective recognition of these receptors has been studied by fluorescence titration and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The receptors exhibited different chiral recognition abilities towards N‐Boc‐protected amino acid anions and formed 1:1 complexes between host and guest. Receptor s exhibit excellent enantioselective fluorescent recognition ability towards the amino acid derivatives.     

含有酚羟基的吖嗪类荧光探针的阴离子识别与传感研究

设计合成了含有酚羟基的萘吖嗪类荧光探针分子,利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱研究了探针分子的阴离子识别和光化学传感性能。研究结果表明,该探针分子可以通过比色（紫外-可见吸收光谱）和荧光发射光谱双通道识别检测氟离子。该探针分子是一类比率型阴离子荧光探针,作用方式为探针分子酚羟基的去质子化作用,这种激发态质子转移（ESIPT）是探针分子呈现比率荧光特性的原因。通过本实验不但可以让学生掌握紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱仪的使用方法,还能培养学生在分子识别与光化学传感领域的科研兴趣。     

Organic Fluorescent Thermometers Based on Borylated Arylisoquinoline Dyes

Borylated arylisoquinolines with redshifted internal charge‐transfer (ICT) emission were prepared and characterized. Upon heating, significant fluorescence quenching was observed, which forms the basis for a molecular thermometer. In the investigated temperature range (283–323 K) an average sensitivity of ?1.2 to ?1.8 % K^?1 was found for the variations in fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime. In the physiological temperature window (298–318 K) the average sensitivity even reaches values of up to ?2.4 % K^?1. The thermometer function is interpreted as the interplay between excited ICT states of different geometry. In addition, the formation of an intramolecular Lewis pair can be followed by ¹¹B NMR spectroscopy. This provides a handle to monitor temperature‐dependent ground‐state geometry changes of the dyes. The role of steric hindrance is addressed by the inclusion of a derivative that lacks the Lewis pair formation.     

腺苷与人血清白蛋白间相互作用的荧光光谱及分子模型法研究

在模拟人体生理条件下,结合紫外光谱和分子对接模型运用荧光光谱研究了腺苷与人血清白蛋白(HSA)间的键合作用。腺苷有较强的能力猝灭人血清白蛋白的内源荧光,且根据Stern-Volmer方程判断出猝灭机制为静态猝灭。本文运用相应的荧光值和Vant’Hoff热力学方程求得了不同温度下的结合常数(K)以及一些热力学参数,如焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)。结果表明：键合过程中疏水作用力对新化合物的稳定性起主要作用,这与分子对接模型方法研究的结果基本一致。另外还研究了常见离子对结合常数的影响。     

Saccharide Sensing Based on Saccharide‐Induced Conformational Changes in Fluorescent Boronic Acid Polymers

Summary: A novel fluorometric saccharide detection strategy has been established by utilizing saccharide‐induced conformational changes in copolymers containing boronic acid and fluorescent units. The polymer chain changes its conformation due to an alteration of the charge state induced by binding with saccharides. The conformational changes are conveniently detected by monitoring excimer to monomer intensity ratio in the fluorescence spectra. Thus, the present strategy would be a promising way for the creation of highly selective and sensitive saccharide‐sensing systems.

Saccharide‐induced conformational change in copolymers containing boronic acid units.     

一种基于铜配合物的高灵敏硫化氢荧光探针

作为继NO和CO之后的第三个气体信号分子,硫化氢在生物体内具有许多重要的生理功能,因此发展灵敏度高、选择性好的硫化氢荧光探针以实现其实时跟踪和检测成为研究的热点。本文利用NBD荧光配体构建了一个基于其铜配合物的硫化氢荧光探针。铜离子的荧光猝灭作用使得该配合物探针的荧光很弱,而Na₂S(硫化氢供体)的加入可显著增强其荧光。研究表明其他阴离子对配合物探针的荧光影响很小,共存时也不会干扰探针对硫化氢的增强响应。研究认为S^2-对铜离子(Cu²⁺)的高亲和能力促使配合物脱铜可能是其实现荧光增强识别的机制。该探针在1~20 μmol·L^-1的范围内对H₂S具有线性响应能力,而且检测限可达到0.2 μmol·L^-1,是目前检测限较低的少数探针之一。     

对Zn2+及S2-连续响应的罗丹明B酰肼类荧光探针的研究

该文采用简单的两步反应合成了一种新型N-(2-羟基-5-氯苯)基罗丹明B酰肼(HCPRH)分子探针,并对其进行了结构表征及荧光性能研究。结果显示,在含HCPRH分子探针的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中加入Zn~(2+),会使其荧光显著增强,可在365 nm紫外灯下肉眼观察到体系颜色迅速由无色变为亮黄色,表明该分子探针可用于Zn~(2+)的快速、灵敏和裸眼识别,且其对Zn~(2+)具有良好的识别选择性,其它金属离子几乎不干扰HCPRH探针对Zn~(2+)的响应。采用Benesi-Hildebrand方程计算得HCPRH分子探针与Zn~(2+)之间形成了稳定的配合物,以Job?s法确定两者之间摩尔比为1∶1。根据荧光滴定的实验结果,发现HCPRH分子探针在512 nm处荧光发射峰强度变化值与Zn~(2+)浓度在10～250μmol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,对Zn~(2+)的检出限达3.6μmol/L,可用于其微量检测。另外,实验研究还表明该分子HCPRH探针可成功用于对Zn~(2+)与S~(2-)的连续荧光响应。     

An Iminocoumarin Sulfonamide Based Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Biothiols in Aqueous Solution

A new chemodosimeter for the highly selective sensing and imaging of biothiols was designed and realized in phosphate‐buffered saline solution at pH 7.4 through a fluorescence “off–on” response. A unique mechanism featuring a two‐step cascade (biothiols→H₂O) sequence for this remarkable recognition is disclosed for the first time.     

一种基于铜配合物的高灵敏硫化氢荧光探针

作为继NO和CO之后的第三个气体信号分子,硫化氢在生物体内具有许多重要的生理功能,因此发展灵敏度高、选择性好的硫化氢荧光探针以实现其实时跟踪和检测成为研究的热点。本文利用NBD荧光配体构建了一个基于其铜配合物的硫化氢荧光探针。铜离子的荧光猝灭作用使得该配合物探针的荧光很弱,而Na2S(硫化氢供体)的加入可显著增强其荧光。研究表明其他阴离子对配合物探针的荧光影响很小,共存时也不会干扰探针对硫化氢的增强响应。研究认为S2-对铜离子(Cu2+)的高亲和能力促使配合物脱铜可能是其实现荧光增强识别的机制。该探针在1～20μmol·L-1的范围内对H2S具有线性响应能力,而且检测限可达到0.2μmol·L-1,是目前检测限较低的少数探针之一。     

Fluoride Technology for Obtaining Magnetic Materials Based on Nd-Fe-B. Kinetics of Fluorination Processes of Neodymium and Iron Oxides

In the devices, where the interaction of magnetic field sources is used, it is effective to replace the electric power of a magnetic field with a permanent magnet. Rare earth permanent magnets based on neodymium-iron-boron are the most promising, since they have higher magnetic and mechanical characteristics, they are cheaper and more available. The article discusses a fundamentally new fluoride technology for obtaining fluoride materials, the data on the kinetics of fluorination processes of oxides of neodymium, iron and their mixtures are given.     

Highly Fluorescent Flavins: Rational Molecular Design for Quenching Protection Based on Repulsive and Attractive Control of Molecular Alignment

Unprecedented intense fluorescent emission was observed for a variety of flavin compounds bearing a perpendicular cyclic imide moiety at the C7 position of an isoalloxazine platform. A series of alloxan‐substituted flavins was prepared selectively by reduction of the corresponding N‐aryl‐2‐nitro‐5‐alkoxyanilines with zinc dust and subsequent reaction with alloxan monohydrate in the presence of boric acid. Analogues bearing oxazolidine‐2,4‐dione functionality were obtained on methylation of the alloxan‐substituted flavins with methyl iodide and subsequent rearrangement in the presence of an inorganic base. The flavin compounds exhibit intense white‐green fluorescent emission in the solution state under UV excitation at 298 K, with emission efficiencies Φ_{298 K} greater than 0.55 in CH₃CN, which are higher than the values for all reported flavin compounds under similar conditions. The highest Φ_{298 K} value of 0.70 was obtained in CH₃CN for isoalloxazine bearing C7‐alloxan and N10‐2,6‐diisopropylphenyl groups. The temperature dependence of the emission intensities indicates that the pronounced emission properties at 298 K are attributable to the highly heat resistant properties towards emission decay with increasing temperature. Mechanistic studies, including X‐ray diffraction analysis, revealed that the good emission properties and high heat resistance of the alloxan‐substituted flavins are due to a synergetic effect of the associative nature of the C7‐alloxan unit and the repulsive nature of the perpendicular bulky substituents at the C7 and N10 positions.     

Photophysics of Fluorescent Contact Sensors Based on the Dicyanodihydrofuran Motif

Fluorescent molecular rotors have been used for measurements of local mobility on molecular length scales, for example to determine viscosity, and for the visualization of contact between two surfaces. In the present work, we deepen our insight into the excited-state deactivation kinetics and mechanics of dicyanodihydrofuran-based molecular rotors. We extend the scope of the use of this class of rotors for contact sensing with a red-shifted member of the family. This allows for contact detection with a range of excitation wavelengths up to ∼600 nm. Steady-state fluorescence shows that the fluorescence quantum yield of these rotors depends not only on the rigidity of their environment, but – under certain conditions – also on its polarity. While excited state decay via rotation about the exocyclic double bond is rapid in nonpolar solvents and twisting of a single bond allows for fast decay in polar solvents, the barriers for both processes are significant in solvents of intermediate polarity. This effect may also occur in other molecular rotors, and it should be considered when applying such molecules as local mobility probes.     

基于多肽与金属离子作用的一种高选择性Cd2+荧光比率传感器

利用固相多肽合成法合成了一种新的多肽,将该多肽与荧光基团Dansyl偶联制备了一种新的荧光化学比率传感器:Dansyl-Cys-Pro-Pro-Cys-Trp-NH₂。利用荧光光谱研究了它与金属离子的相互作用。结果表明,与其它13种金属离子相比该多肽对金属Cd²⁺有很好的选择性。它能特异性识别Cd²⁺,具有水溶性好,响应时间快等优点。该肽对Cd²⁺具有很强的键合作用,其结合常数为3.0×10¹¹ L²·mol^-2,检出限为11.5 nmol·L^-1。     

Pattern‐Based Recognition of Heparin Contaminants by an Array of Self‐Assembling Fluorescent Receptors

Tracking down potential killers : Strong host–guest interactions enable the facile combination of polycationic cyclodextrin binding motifs (blue) with fluorescent reporters (orange) tethered to a hydrophobic guest molecule (dark green). An array of supramolecular fluorescent receptors prepared by this modular approach was used for the pattern‐based recognition of negatively charged contaminants in the anticoagulant drug heparin.

     

基于酰胺的荧光双冠醚阴离子受体的合成和识别性能研究

合成了一种带有荧光基团蒽的酰胺型双冠醚阴离子受体3. 用荧光光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱及核磁共振氢谱研究了其与F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, I^－, H₂PO₄^－, AcO^－离子的相互作用, 结果表明3只对F^－具有很好的选择性识别能力, 并形成配合比为1∶2的络合物, 通过荧光发射强度计算出主体3与F^－间的相互作用时的结合常数.     

基于荧光共轭聚电解质的生物分子检测*

共轭聚电解质综合了传统共轭聚合物的光电性质和聚电解质的水溶性特点,使其在新一代化学生物荧光传感器中获得多种应用。本文总结了近五年来报道的共轭聚电解质（聚芴、聚噻吩、聚苯撑乙烯、聚苯撑乙炔等）用于检测生物分子的研究进展,并对共轭聚电解质的应用前景进行了展望。     

离子印迹传感器选择性检测甲基汞离子

以甲基汞离子为模板,8-巯基喹啉为荧光单体,4-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,在二甲基亚砜溶剂中,以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜为支撑介质,65℃热引发聚合得到甲基汞离子荧光印迹膜。该荧光印迹膜对甲基汞离子表现出良好的选择性,最佳吸附pH值为7.0,检出限为3.5×10-7mol/L。将其作为吸附材料,应用于河水中甲基汞离子的分离和富集,结果表明,该传感器对甲基汞离子具有良好的选择性和特异性吸附,回收率达93%～104%。     

基于聚集诱导发光荧光探针的细胞成像研究进展

荧光探针是化学传感技术领域在20世纪末的一项重大发现,具有合成简单、灵敏度高、选择性好、响应时间短、可视化高等优点。 将具有聚集诱导发光现象(AIE)特征的荧光基团与具有生物相容性的高分子结合起来,使得荧光材料具有毒性低、光稳定性好、生物相容性好等特点。 在分子、离子检测和细胞成像技术中得到广泛的研究和应用。 本文综述了细胞质成像、细胞膜成像、线粒体成像、溶酶体成像、脂滴成像、细胞核成像、细胞核和线粒体双靶向性成像的荧光探针,并对其应用前景做了展望。     

基于多肽与金属离子作用的一种高选择性Cd2+荧光比率传感器

利用固相多肽合成法合成了一种新的多肽,将该多肽与荧光基团Dansyl偶联制备了一种新的荧光化学比率传感器:Dansyl-Cys-Pro-Pro-Cys-Trp-NH₂。利用荧光光谱研究了它与金属离子的相互作用。结果表明,与其它13种金属离子相比该多肽对金属Cd²⁺有很好的选择性。它能特异性识别Cd²⁺,具有水溶性好,响应时间快等优点。该肽对Cd²⁺具有很强的键合作用,其结合常数为3.0×10¹¹L²·mol^-2,检出限为11.5nmol·L^-1。