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为了解决空间滤波器滤波针孔堵孔问题,提出了一种新型柱面镜空间滤波器,新型柱面镜空间滤波器由柱面镜和狭缝构成。利用线性传输理论,对高功率激光束在新型柱面镜空间滤波器中的传输特性进行了数值模拟。结果表明:新型柱面镜空间滤波器的焦斑面积比传统滤波器大,而焦斑功率密度较小;新型柱面镜空间滤波器的滤波效果与传统滤波器相同,近场均匀性也相同。因此新型柱面镜空间滤波器能够抑制空间滤波器堵孔效应,可以缩短空间滤波器系统透镜焦距,从而提高功率装置的整体性价比。由此,采用新型柱面镜空间滤波器替换传统球面镜空间滤波器具有可行性。 相似文献
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PIN结构是电光调制器中常见的一种电学调制结构, 该结构中载流子注入效率直接影响着电光调制器的性能. 在前期的研究中, 我们在SOI材料的基础上提出了一种新型Si/SiGe/Si双异质结PIN电学调制结构, 可以有效提高载流子注入效率, 降低调制功耗. 为了进一步研究这种新型调制器结构的调制机理, 本文从单异质结能带理论出发, 定量分析了该新型结构中双异质结的势垒高度变化, 给出了双异质结势垒高度的定量公式, 将新型结构与SiGe-OI和SOI两种PIN电学调制结构进行能带对比, 分析了该新型结构载流子注入增强的原因, 最后模拟了新型结构的能带分布, 以及能带和调制电压与注入载流子密度的关系, 并与SiGe-OI和SOI两种PIN电学调制结构进行对比发现, 1 V调制电压下, 新型结构的载流子密度达到了8× 1018cm-3, 比SOI 结构的载流子密度高了800%, 比SiGe-OI结构的载流子密度高了340%, 进一步说明了该新型结构的优越性, 并且验证了理论分析的正确性. 相似文献
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相对论性电子在周期性磁场中的运动将产生自发辐射,这是产生自由电子激光的基础。本采用行波磁场作为周期性磁场,通过讨论可以看出,当电子通过这种磁场时将产生自发辐射,说明该磁场能作为自由电子激光器的摆动器。 相似文献
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Objective: To compare the effect of body-weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) and full-body-weight treadmill training (FBWTT) on patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Design was Randomized controlled trial. Patients with knee osteoarthritis (n = 30; mean age, 76.0±7.5 y) were randomly assigned to BWSTT or FBWTT group. All patients performed 20 min walking exercise twice a week for 6 weeks under the supervision of the therapist. Main measures were 10-meter walking test (10MWT), functional reach test (FRT), timed get up and go test (TUG), one-leg standing test, 6-minute walking test (6MWT), the parameters set on the treadmill, MOS Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF36), Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM). Results: Twenty-five patients (10 men, 15 women; mean age, 76.5 ± 8.0 y) completed the experiment. Exercise capacity, indicated by the heart rate, was similar in both groups. After 3 weeks of BWSTT, the patients performed significantly better in the 10-m and 6-min walking tests. This was not the case with FBWTT even after 6 weeks training. Pain levels assessed were significantly improved after 3 weeks of BWSTT and 6 weeks of FBWTT. There were no significant improvements in either group assessed by the FRT, one-leg standing time test, TUG, or SF -36 questionnaire. Conclusions: BWSTT enhanced exercise capacity in terms of walking speed and pain reduction after 3 weeks; however, there was no significant improvement in patients'' functional abilities or quality of life. 相似文献
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Pedestrian choice behavior analysis and simulation of vertical walking facilities in transfer station
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Considering the interlayer height, luggage, the difference between queuing pedestrians, and walking speed, the pedestrian choice model of vertical walking facilities is established based on a support vector machine. This model is verified with the pedestrian flow data of Changchun light-rail transfer station and Beijing Xizhimen transfer station. Adding the pedestrian choice model of vertical walking facilities into the pedestrian simulation model which is based on cellular automata, the pedestrian choice behavior is simulated. In the simulation, the effects of the dynamic influence factors are analyzed. To reduce the conflicts between pedestrians in opposite directions, the layout of vertical walking facilities is improved. The simulations indicate that the improved layout of vertical walking facilities can improve the efficiency of pedestrians passing. 相似文献
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The physical posture of even healthy university students is easy to collapse when walking with textbooks and other heavy loads during university attendance. Consequently, they may experience lower-back pain or knee pain. However, the resulting burden of this stress to the left and right lower-back has not previously been quantitatively analyzed.In this study, we employed a Relative Power Contribution (RPC) analysis approach to quantitatively investigate and compare the reciprocal contribution between the left and right lower-backs while walking with a bag and without a bag. Quantitative data were collected by two accelerometers installed on the subjects.Results for the subjects walking with and without a bag indicated that the contribution of the left and right lower-backs decreased by up to 21% (p<0.05). Some disorder occurs in the feedback relations of the movement in both lower-backs and as a result, it was understood to cause much discomfort in these areas.This analysis reveals the quantitative relations of left and right lower-backs, which are difficult to discern from the original data. The results can be useful for preventive healthcare for lower-back and knee pains. 相似文献
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Inducing self-motion illusions referred as vection are critical for improving the sensation of walking in virtual environments (VE). Adding viewpoint oscillations to a constant forward velocity in VE is effective for improving vection strength under static conditions. However, the effects of oscillation frequency and amplitude on vection strength under treadmill walking conditions are still unclear. Besides, due to the visuomotor entrainment mechanism, these visual oscillations would affect gait patterns and be detrimental for achieving natural walking if not properly designed. This study was aimed at determining the optimal frequency and amplitude of vertical viewpoint oscillations for improving vection strength and reducing gait constraints. Seven subjects walked on a treadmill while watching a visual scene. The visual scene presented a constant forward velocity equal to the treadmill velocity with different vertical viewpoint oscillations added. Five oscillation patterns with different combinations of frequency and amplitude were tested. Subjects gave verbal ratings of vection strength. The mediolateral (M-L) center of pressure (CoP) complexity was calculated to indicate gait constraints. After the experiment, subjects were asked to give the best and the worst oscillation pattern based on their walking experience. The oscillation frequency and amplitude had strong positive correlations with vection strength. The M-L CoP complexity was reduced under oscillations with low frequency. The medium oscillation amplitude had greater M-L CoP complexity than the small and large amplitude. Besides, subjects preferred those oscillation patterns with large gait complexity. We suggested that the oscillation amplitude with largest M-L CoP complexity should first be chosen to reduce gait constraints. Then, increasing the oscillation frequency to improve vection strength until individual preference or the boundary of motion sickness. These findings provide important guidelines to promote the sensation of natural walking in VE. 相似文献
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Shota OKUNO Toshihiro YAMASHITA Kengo SHIRADO Kenta KAWAMITSU Kaede YAMABE Yutaro ONISHI Taichi OGAMI Hiroto KAYASHIMA 《Physical Therapy Research》2021,24(3):225
Objective: The study aimed to demonstrate the significance of early postoperative physical therapy interventions on clinical outcomes by determining the influence of the distance walked under the supervision of a physical therapist in the early postoperative period after liver cancer. Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent surgery for liver cancer between April 2018 and March 2020 were eligible for enrollment in the study. The total walking distance during physical therapy till the third postoperative day was examined. The clinical outcomes comprised duration of postoperative hospital stay, time to independent walking, and occurrence of postoperative complications. For data analysis, the patients were divided into two groups: those who walked more than the median total distance (the long-distance group) and those who walked less than the median distance (the short-distance group). We used propensity score matching to match the background characteristics between the groups. Results: Of the 65 patients who were eligible, 14 patients were included in the two groups each, after matching. The long-distance walking group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (9.0 days vs. 11.0 days, p=0.008) and a shorter time to independent walking (3.5 days vs. 7.5 days, p=0.019) than the short-distance walking group. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications between the two groups (7.1% vs. 42.8%, p=0.08). Conclusion: In the early postoperative period after liver cancer surgery, increasing the walking distance under the supervision of a physical therapist is important for improving clinical outcomes. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study. 相似文献
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被动行走机器人由于结构简单、能量利用率高而倍受青睐, 但其很容易跌倒, 因此准确把握最终步态与吸引区域成了关键. 由于面对非光滑系统, 大规模数值计算很难避免, 为此本文先提出基于CPU+GPU异构平台的Poincaré映射算法. 该算法可发挥最新平台计算潜力, 比传统CPU上算法快上百倍. 得益于此, 本文针对双足被动行走的最基本模型, 大规模地选取样点进行计算, 不仅清晰地得出吸引区域的形状轮廓和细节特征, 揭示了其内在分形结构, 还得到系统吸引集和吸引区域随倾角k的变化关系, 发现了新的稳定三周期步态和倍周期分岔混沌现象, 并研究了吸引区域. 相似文献
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Farahnaz Fallahtafti Zahra Salamifar Mahdi Hassan Hafizur Rahman Iraklis Pipinos Sara A. Myers 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,24(10)
Supervised exercise therapy (SET) is a conservative non-operative treatment strategy for improving walking performance in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Gait variability is altered in patients with PAD, but the effect of SET on gait variability is unknown. Forty-three claudicating patients with PAD underwent gait analysis before and immediately after a 6-month SET program. Nonlinear gait variability was assessed using sample entropy, and the largest Lyapunov exponent of the ankle, knee, and hip joint angle time series. Linear mean and variability of the range of motion time series for these three joint angles were also calculated. Two-factor repeated measure analysis of variance determined the effect of the intervention and joint location on linear and nonlinear dependent variables. After SET, walking regularity decreased, while the stability remained unaffected. Ankle nonlinear variability had increased values compared with the knee and hip joints. Linear measures did not change following SET, except for knee angle, in which the magnitude of variations increased after the intervention. A six-month SET program produced changes in gait variability toward the direction of healthy controls, which indicates that in general, SET improved walking performance in individuals with PAD. 相似文献
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被动行走模型只依赖重力可以在斜坡上形成自然的周期步态.当模型参数改变时,步态随之改变.应用胞映射方法与Newton-Raphson迭代结合来获取被动行走模型周期步态的不动点,消除了迭代方法在初值选取上的随机性,并获得了模型的吸引盆.通过对不同参数的模型的仿真,讨论了参数变化对步态的影响.结果表明,转动惯量增大会导致倍周期步态到混沌步态的产生,足半径减小和质心位置降低也会导致分岔的出现.
关键词:
胞映射
双足步行
倍周期
混沌 相似文献
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通过设计行人行走倾向性调查实验,分析了行人的行走倾向性特征. 引入前进系数、右倾系数、超越系数以及影响修正系数等对元胞自动机(CA) 基本模型中的转移概率进行修正,建立了考虑行人行走倾向性特征的CA行人仿真模型. 针对该模型中的行人群体,依据k-近邻作用原理,构建行人复杂网络. 通过计算机仿真,揭示了行人流密度、速度和流量的关系以及仿真过程中出现的自组织现象.进一步分析仿真输出的行人流基本参数和行人复杂网络主要特征参数,发现对同一行人流,其平均速度和网络平均路径长度均随着行人流状态的改变而变化.最后, 通过平均路径长度和平均速度的数据拟合,得出两者之间存在着线性负相关关系的结论, 即具有较小网络平均路径长度的行人流具有较高的平均速度. 相似文献