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Hongxia Liu 《中国物理 B》2022,31(4):47401-047401
The (GeTe)x(AgSbTe2)100-x alloys, also called TAGS-x in short, have long been demonstrated as a promising candidate for thermoelectric applications with successful services as the p-type leg in radioisotope thermoelectric generators for space missions. This largely stems from the complex band structure for a superior electronic performance and strong anharmonicity for a low lattice thermal conductivity. Utilization of the proven strategies including carrier concentration optimization, band and defects engineering, an extraordinary thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, has been achieved in TAGS-based alloys. Here, crystal structure, band structure, microstructure, synthesis techniques and thermoelectric transport properties of TAGS-based alloys, as well as successful strategies for manipulating the thermoelectric performance, are surveyed with opportunities for further advancements. These strategies involved are believed to be in principle applicable for advancing many other thermoelectrics.  相似文献   

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景奇  李晓娟 《物理学报》2019,68(5):57701-057701
在压电陶瓷中增加孔洞数量,可以有效改善陶瓷的静水压优值,提高其压电灵敏性.考虑到铅基压电陶瓷对环境和人体的危害,本文以糊精为造孔剂,采用传统固相烧结法制备无铅钛酸钡(BaTiO_3)多孔压电陶瓷.研究烧结温度(1250,1280,1300℃)和糊精含量(5%,10%,15%)对BaTiO_3陶瓷晶体结构、孔隙率以及孔形貌特征的影响,探索孔隙率与BaTiO_3陶瓷介电、压电、声阻抗以及静水压优值等性能之间的相关性.结果表明:所有多孔陶瓷表现出三维贯通的开气孔,尺寸约为1—7μm.烧结温度强烈影响BaTiO_3陶瓷的孔隙率,加入10%低沸点的糊精时,1250℃和1280℃烧结均获得孔隙率高达58%的多孔BaTiO_3陶瓷;然而1300℃烧结,陶瓷孔隙率急速下降到13%.1250℃烧结10%糊精含量的陶瓷表现出高的静水压优值(约8376×10~/(-15)Pa~(-1))和低的声阻抗(约2.84MRrayls(1Rayl=10Pa·s/m)).与1250℃相比,1280℃烧结的陶瓷晶粒之间的结合力明显增强,有利于提高陶瓷的力学强度.这些优异的性能预示着多孔钛酸钡陶瓷在传感器和水听器领域有着潜在的应用前景.  相似文献   

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In this work, we develop a theory of thermoelectric transport properties in two-dimensional semiconducting quantum well structures. Calculations are performed for n-type 0.1 wt.% CuBr-doped Bi2Se3/Bi2Te3/Bi2Se3 and p-type 3 wt.% Te-doped Sb2Te3/Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3 quantum well systems in the temperature range 50–600 K. It is found that reducing the well thickness has a pronounced effect on enhancing the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT). For the n-type Bi2Se3/Bi2Te3/Bi2Se3 with 7 nm well width, the maximum value of ZT is estimated to be 0.97 at 350 K and for the p-type Sb2Te3/Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3 with well width 10 nm the highest value of the ZT is found to be 1.945 at 440 K. An explanation is provided for the resulting higher ZT value of the p-type system compared to the n-type system.  相似文献   

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热电材料研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在介绍热电材料制冷工作原理,分析热电材料优值系数的基础上,介绍了300K以下热电材料的研究进展,以及热电材料制冷特点、现状和应用前景.  相似文献   

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以Bi2Te3/PbTe超晶格薄膜为例,分析电子在Bi2Te3量子阱中的输运过程,综合了薄膜的经典散射效应和理想量子效应,并以此混合效应为基础,在PbTe障碍层厚度一定时,模拟计算了两种混合效应中量子效应占不同比例时,Bi2Te3/PbTe超晶格热电优值的变化.在镜面反射占混合效应的0.3时,得到的热电优值与当前报道的量子阱超晶格的实验值接近.关键词:超晶格粗糙界面热电优值  相似文献   

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热电物理的研究进展   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
刘长洪  何元金 《物理》1997,26(3):134-139
热电效应在发电,致冷方面有巨大的应用潜力,这些年来,人们为提高热电能量转换效率进行了不懈的努力,文章概述了从机理上提高材料热性能的一般途径,在此基础上,介绍了最近几年在氧化物超导体,TPn3化合物,富硼固体等新材料体系中,以及在非均匀材料,复合型材料,量子阱结构等新形式材料中的研究结果。  相似文献   

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张祎阳  董翔宇  王少凯 《物理》2024,53(12):820-827
重力加速度是一个随时间和空间变化的物理量,在资源勘探、大地测量、计量科学等领域有非常重要的应用。重力仪是用来获取重力数据的仪器,根据标度因子获取方式的不同分为相对重力仪与绝对重力仪。绝对重力仪的测量数据能够跨越时空直接比较与应用,因此更受关注。原子干涉绝对重力仪由于没有机械磨损,可以集高精准、长连续的绝对重力测量于一身。文章将简要介绍原子干涉绝对重力仪的基本原理、物理实现、性能指标、国内外进展以及未来发展等内容。  相似文献   

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文章重点介绍了现役热电材料(Bi2Te3,PbTe,SiGe)、常见结构类型(方钴矿型,笼合物型,Half-Heusler合金型,钠钴氧型和Zn4Sb3型)热电材料及新颖晶体结构类型的热电材料的晶体结构、热电性能、热电性能优化等方面的最新研究进展.  相似文献   

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Phase‐change materials (PCMs) are a promising platform for programmable metamaterials in the infrared (IR) spectral range. This is based on the large refractive index change between the amorphous and crystalline phases of PCMs accompanied by their low dielectric losses in the IR. These PCMs can exist in various stoichiometries, leading to distinct changes in dielectric properties which can be exploited for resonance tuning. To investigate these differences, nanoantennas with thin films of three (GeTe)x –(Sb2Te3)1−x compounds such as Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST‐225), Ge3Sb2Te6 (GST‐326), and Ge8Sb2Te11 (GST‐8211) are combined. Different PCM stoichiometries regarding their suitability for resonance tuning are systematically compared for the first time and the PCM GST‐8211 is introduced into the field of photonics. An increase of the antenna resonance frequency shift based on an increasing GeTe content in the compound is experimentally demonstrated. This leads to the largest figure of merit for antenna resonance tuning in the IR using PCMs reported so far. Based on the insights obtained, the changes in the real part of the permittivity Δε1, the band gap E G, and the charge carrier concentration N are identified as design parameters for resonance tuning with PCMs.  相似文献   

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硒化铅(PbSe)作为一种无碲热电材料受到广泛关注。采用机械合金化结合高压烧结方法制备了PbSe-PbS固溶体合金(PbSe1–xSx),并研究了Se/S含量对其结构和热电性能的影响。结果表明:采用机械合金化法能够快速合成出PbSe1–xSx固溶体合金粉末,高压烧结实现了其快速致密化;通过调整Se/S比例可以实现PbSe1–xSx电输运性能和导电类型的调控;固溶体合金能够实现短波声子散射,显著降低PbSe材料的热导率;当x = 0.5、温度为600 K时,PbSe1–xSx的最高品质因子达到0.54,比PbSe的品质因子(0.33@450K)高64%。

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宋顾周  马继明  王奎禄  周鸣 《物理学报》2012,61(10):102902-102902
定义了一种评价针孔成像性能的品质因数,给出了数学表达式.此品质因数综合反映了针孔成像的总空间分辨和灵敏度因素.基于透射模型,给出了针孔成像中心点等效直径、 点扩散函数均方根半径数学表达式.给出了全视场和有效视场下针孔成像品质因数的计算方法,分析了直孔型、刀口型、船底型和长船底型等4种典型针孔的成像特性.  相似文献   

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We study the thermospin effects in a system consisting of a quantum dot coupled to ferromagnetic leads. It is shown that sign reversal and oscillation of spin Seebeck coefficient are indicated as a function of device parameters. When the magnetizations of the leads are formed in parallel alignment, the spin Seebeck coefficient and the spin-FOM have their maximum values for the symmetric dot-lead coupling case. However, in the antiparallel case, the optimal device parameters depend mainly on the strength of the magnetic field.  相似文献   

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M. Basu  D. Ghosh 《Optik》2005,116(6):255-264
A segmented core central step index dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) has been modeled by using spot size optimization technique. We have designed and optimized the DCF by suitably adjusting different fiber parameters, i.e. inner core radius (a), central relative refractive index difference (Δ), normalized outer core position (p), width (b) and height (h) at different values of given Petermann-II spot sizes . The studies on the propagation behavior as well as bendloss and other losses of the DCF have been presented here. The proposed design of the DCF can possess improved bend performances over single core DCFs. At the same time higher negative dispersion coefficient in the single mode region as well as considerably high value of figure of merit (FOM) for optimized fiber parameters can be achieved for smaller spot sizes of the DCF. Further, inclusion of length independent splice loss modified this conventional FOM to a slightly lesser value of modified FOM.  相似文献   

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短波碲镉汞光伏器件的低频噪声研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对所研制的短波光伏碲镉汞器件进行了变温电流-电压特性和低频噪声研究,测试温度范围255—293K.实验结果表明随着温度的下降,器件的优值因子R0A从45×103Ωcm2增加到7×104Ωcm2.器件在低频区的主要噪 声成分是1/f噪声和产生-复合噪声,在高频区主要是散粒噪声.在测试的偏压内,器件的1/f噪声功率谱密度与流过器件的电流的平方成正比,器件的Hooge系数为3×10-4—7×10-4.从噪声 功率谱密度曲线分析中得到产生-复合噪声的特征时间常数τ,通过τ的温度特性得到了器件的深能级.关键词:碲镉汞优值因子低频噪声深能级  相似文献   

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张添乐  黄曦  郑凯  张欣梧  王宇杰  武丽明  张晓青  郑洁  朱彪 《物理学报》2014,63(15):157703-157703
压电驻极体是具有压电效应的微孔结构空间电荷驻极体材料,其压电性能与材料的微结构和空间电荷密切相关.本文首先利用压缩气体膨化工艺对聚丙烯(PP)的微结构进行改性,然后利用接触极化方法,研究了极化电压与PP膜空间电荷密度之间的关系,及其对压电性能的影响.结果表明对于极化前厚度为100μm的PP膜,其内部建立有序空间电荷分布的阈值极化电压为2 kV;一旦有序空间电荷建立起来,PP膜即具有压电效应.随着极化电压的提高,PP膜的空间电荷密度逐步增大,压电效应显著增强.当峰值电压为8 kV时,PP膜电极上的电荷密度、准静态压电系数和品质因数FOMv(d33·g33)分别为0.56 mC/m2,379 pC/N和8.6(GPa)-1.PP压电驻极体膜的FOMv比聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)铁电聚合物膜高2个量级以上,且声阻抗非常低(~0.025 MRayl),因此该压电膜在超声波发射-接收系统或脉冲-回波系统中具有明显的优势.  相似文献   

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Structural change in Bi2Te3 under high pressure up to 16.6 GPa has been studied by powder x-ray diffraction. We observed two times of phase transitions at room temperature at the pressures of 8 and 14 GPa, respectively. According to our preliminary result on electrical resistance, it is reasonable to suppose that superconducting transition with T c =2.8 K at the pressures of 10.2 GPa is observed in phase II. On the other hand, we found anomalies of the pressure dependences of lattice parameters and volume at around 2 GPa, which probably means the change in electrical structure on the Fermi surface.  相似文献   

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PbTe是目前唯一商业化应用的温差发电用中温区热电材料。大量研究表明,高压方法能够合成热电材料并有效调制其电声输运性能。目前针对PbTe的高压研究均为n型材料,而热电材料的应用还需要热膨胀系数相近的p型材料。因此,利用高压合成技术快速制备了Te过量的PbTe热电材料,并对其室温下的热电输运性质进行了测试和分析。结果表明,当Te过量6%时,PbTe为空穴导电,属于p型半导体;通过改变Te的含量,能够优化PbTe的电声输运性能,提高其功率因子且降低热导率。高压合成p型PbTe1.12的最大热电优值达到0.21,比相同方法制备的标准化学计量比的PbTe提高了50%。研究结果表明,高压方法结合化学计量比调整能够制备出高热电性能的p型PbTe热电材料。

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