不同结构超导限流器线圈交流损耗实验研究

超导限流线圈交流损耗实验研究对于超导限流器具有重要现实意义.本文采用Bi-2223带材制作出单根螺旋线圈、两根带材串联螺旋线圈和两根带材并联螺旋线圈三种不同结构限流线圈样品,实验研究其交流损耗特性,并与Norris公式计算结果相比较,通过实验验证限流线圈在结构和电流模式不同时对交流损耗的影响.     

Bi-2223/Ag多芯超导薄带的制备及其性能研究

采用PIT法制备银包套Bi-2223多芯超导薄带,研究了不同厚度带材的制备工艺和性能特点.采用不同的轧制变形量,将Bi-2223/Ag多芯线轧制为0.4mm～0.07mm不同厚度的带材.试验结果表明,厚度越薄的带材热处理温度较低,相变速度更快.由于组织均匀性和超导相的相对含量及织构的影响,不同厚度带材的临界电流密度有很大差异,厚度为0.1mm左右带材的临界电流密度最高,用这样的薄带可以绕制内径更小的线圈.     

液氢温区YBCO超导带材的交流损耗研究

超导电缆具有载流能力强、损耗低等优势,是电力输送的良好选择。但是,超导电缆需工作于低温环境。液氢温度为20K,可为超导电缆提供低温条件,将超导电缆输电与液氢燃料输送相结合,可解决超导电缆在输电中的瓶颈问题。开展了液氢替代液氮后高温超导带材的传输交流损耗研究。针对美国超导公司提供的黄铜加强YBCO带材,采用H法有限元模型,仿真分析了液氢、液氮冷却时超导带材的传输交流损耗。结果表明采用液氢作为超导带材的冷却介质时,带材正常金属产生的涡流损耗和磁性基底产生的铁磁损耗对总损耗的影响程度较小。所得结果可为液氢温区超导电缆的设计和运行提供参考。     

Bi系带材交流损耗测量的实验研究

超导带材交流损耗的测量是判断带材性能好坏的重要手段,也能为研究超导带材的交流损耗机理提供很好的方法. 文章介绍了采用传输电流法测量交流损耗的基本原理和要解决的技术难点,并详细讨论了采用不同的比较信号对测量结果的影响,指出利用超导体的零电阻特性,在小电流I(I相似文献   

一种实验用交流超导磁体的研制

该文介绍了用于探测线圈法测量超导材料交流损耗的一种交流超导磁体的设计、加工与绕制。超导磁体设计采用成熟的螺线管磁体技术,磁体骨架为低温环氧树脂加工而成,所用超导线为NbTi/Cu复合超导绞线。为了满足磁体的稳定性,每两层超导线间留出了一条冷却通道。所绕磁体的磁场强度和均匀度都满足设计要求。     

YBCO带材交流损耗电测法实验研究

介绍了交流损耗测量理论,搭建了高温超导带材的电测法测量平台,并分别测量不同频率下AMSC和Super Power两家公司生产的YBCO带材的交流损耗。将测试结果进行了归一化处理,并与计算结果和Norris模型进行比较,从两种带材材料层面分析了测量结果与计算结果存在微小差别的原因。实验结果表明测量结果与计算结果基本一致,并且和Norris模型吻合较好,说明该测量系统可以很好地测量不同频率下YBCO带材的交流损耗。     

基于补偿法的超导单元交流损耗测量系统设计

交流损耗是影响超导电力装置运行稳定性和成本的关键因素之一.本文提出了一种基于电压补偿法的大载流超导单元交流损耗测量方法,通过串联在回路中的大电流补偿线圈,抵消超导单元的感性电压来实现.在系统设计上,通过数据采集卡和运动控制器,获取超导单元、补偿线圈的电压信号,同时控制步进电机拖动补偿线圈.通过相位的对比计算,实现精确定位补偿,从而测量超导单元的交流损耗.最后,在不同频率下,测量了0.2 m长、110 kV/1.5 kA的高温超导电缆样缆的交流损耗,得出的交流损耗曲线与计算结果基本吻合.实验结果表明,采用补偿线圈的交流损耗测量系统具有自动检测、定位和测量功能,可以实现具有大电流容量超导单元交流损耗的准确测量.     

高温超导线圈交流通流失超检测方法的实验研究北大核心

目前的失超检测的方法多针对超导线圈的直流工作状态。在交流损耗等实验研究及部分电力应用中,超导线圈将工作在交流通流状态。为了保障这种情况下超导线圈的安全,需要进行交流失超检测方法的研究。设计了用于高温超导线圈交流通流的失超检测方法,将桥路交流电压信号转换为直流信号后,对工作在交流通流情况下的超导线圈的失超状态进行判断。通过搭建实验平台进行了相关的实验。实验结果显示,采用这种方法能够有效地对工作在交流情况下的超导线圈进行失超检测。     

高温超导线圈交流通流失超检测方法的实验研究

目前的失超检测的方法多针对超导线圈的直流工作状态。在交流损耗等实验研究及部分电力应用中,超导线圈将工作在交流通流状态。为了保障这种情况下超导线圈的安全,需要进行交流失超检测方法的研究。设计了用于高温超导线圈交流通流的失超检测方法,将桥路交流电压信号转换为直流信号后,对工作在交流通流情况下的超导线圈的失超状态进行判断。通过搭建实验平台进行了相关的实验。实验结果显示,采用这种方法能够有效地对工作在交流情况下的超导线圈进行失超检测。     

Bi系高温超导磁共振成像射频接收线圈的成像研究

射频接收线圈是磁共振成像系统输入通道的第一级,提高接收线圈的信噪比可以提高系统的图像质量.对于低场磁共振成像系统,如果能够降低常规铜接收线圈的等效串联电阻,就能够提高其信噪比.由于高温超导材料的直流电阻为零,交流传输损耗也远小于铜,采用高温超导材料制作磁共振接收线圈能够提高信噪比.本文采用Bi2223带材,设计、制作了超导接收线圈,并在0.23 T的磁共振成像系统中进行了成像实验.结果表明,超导接收线圈的图像信噪比比常规铜线圈提高约76%.     

Experimental study on AC losses in Ag sheathed PbBi2223 tapes with twist filaments

Experimental measurements of AC losses were carried out on Ag sheathed PbBi2223 tapes with twisted and untwisted filaments. Losses were measured at 77 K as function of frequency and magnetic field parallel and perpendicular to the tape surface, using appropriate pick-up loops. Both the first and third harmonics of the signal were measured, in order to distinguish between the hysteresis loss and other types of loss. The effect of filaments uncoupling by twisting was clearly identified. For a tape with a twist pitch of 10 mm and I_c=40 A (20 kA cm⁻²) operating at 43 Hz, the filaments are uncoupled in fields less than 40 mT, which is greater than the full penetration field for both the filaments and the tape. Hence, a reduction in the hysteretic loss of the superconducting core is realised at power frequency between 10 and 40 mT. Results form the self-field loss measurement implies the uncoupling of twisted filaments at relative low transport current (I<0.5I_c)     

Magnetic measurement of transport AC losses in Bi-2223/Ag tapes

Magnetic nature of the losses in superconducting wire carrying AC current implies that it should be possible to determine these losses in a contactless way. Ribbon-like samples are quite favorable for such an experiment, because a notable portion of magnetic flux related to losses ‘escapes' the sample volume and can be detected by an appropriate pick-up coil. In this case, a model describing the AC current penetration into the tape, based, e.g., on the critical state model, allows one to derive the losses from the pick-up coil signal. Because this signal is proportional to the number of coil turns, extension of the accessible range of measured voltages (and losses) can be achieved. We demonstrate the data obtained on a 1 cm long portion of a low-loss multifilamentary tape carrying AC current with frequency 35 Hz. The pick-up coil technique allowed us to reach loss level more than one order below the experimental limit for direct measurements.     

AC loss in a high-temperature superconducting coil

In a typical superconducting coil made of BSCCO/Ag tape, both amplitude and direction of the magnetic field determine the critical current, resistive voltage and AC loss. The distribution of the magnetic field along and across the superconducting tape in a coil is rather complex. This gives rise to the question: how accurate can one predict the critical current, V–I characteristic and AC loss of the AC coil from results of short sample measurements? To answer this question, we have measured and compared the characteristics of a short sample and a small coil employing 14 m of the same tape at 77 K. The comparison is performed as follows. First, a short sample is characterised with regard to the field dependence of the critical current, V–I characteristic and the AC loss. Second, the distribution of the magnetic field along the tape in a coil is accurately calculated. From the data, the voltage along the tape and the loss of the tape in the coil are found. Finally, the resistive voltage and the AC loss of the complete coil are calculated and compared to measured AC losses in the frequency range of 0 to 160 Hz, typical for power applications.     

122型铁基超导线带材实用化研究进展

在种类众多的新型铁基超导材料中,122型铁基超导体具有高转变温度、超高上临界场、低各向异性、高临界电流密度等优点,因此成为高场应用领域最具竞争力的铁基超导材料.目前122型铁基超导线带材在4.2 K,10 T下的传输临界电流密度已经超过10⁵A/cm²这一实用化门槛值,表现出十分广阔的应用前景.本文回顾了新型铁基超导体的发现及发展历程,结合122型铁基超导体的自身特点,就如何制备高性能122型铁基超导线带材展开讨论,同时对粉末装管法制备流程中影响线带材性能的几大关键因素进行了详细分析.重点介绍了近年来122型铁基超导线带材的实用化研究进展,包括高强度线带材的制备、圆线的研制、多芯线材及长线的制备、超导接头的研究、力学性能及各向异性的研究等.对122型铁基超导线带材实用化研究进行了总结,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望.     

准各向同性高温超导股线交流损耗的实验研究

高温超导体的交流损耗直接影响超导电力装置的运行成本和稳定性,是判断超导电力设备设计是否合理的重要特性之一.在阐述准各向同性高温超导股线结构特点的基础上,首先对准各向同性高温超导股线的交流损耗和磁滞损耗进行仿真研究,利用有限元软件Comsol Multiphysics分析了交流背景磁场下的损耗,然后在对光纤布拉格光栅(optical fiber Bragg grating,简称FBG)波长与损耗关系标定的基础上,使用光纤布拉格光栅测量交流背景磁场下的交流损耗.理论计算与实验结果相吻合,表明在工频和液氮温度下股线的交流损耗以磁滞损耗为主.     

Investigation of Bi-2223 high temperature superconducting tape as the material for gradient coil in MRI

The use of Bi-2223 high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape as a material for gradient coils in MRI is evaluated in this paper. Bi-2223 tapes have a very high critical current and a very low power loss. A HTS tape gradient coil is expected to provide much higher gradient strength and generate much lower heating than a copper coil. Measurements of the AC power loss of Bi-2223 tapes at typical operating frequencies for gradient coils are presented. The degradation of the critical current and its effect on the increase of AC power loss is analyzed. Practical technical issues such as resistance, gradient strength and mechanical performance are also discussed. A prototype Bi-2223 HTS tape gradient coil is evaluated to verify the concept.     

超导磁共振主磁体励磁测控系统设计与开发

医用超导磁共振主磁体在励磁过程中出现的交流损耗和传导漏热等情况,是超导磁体失超的根本原因;为了控制和保证励磁过程的稳定性、可靠性和安全性,开发和完善励磁的测控系统就显得格外重要;设计并开发了基于LabVIEW平台的超导磁共振主磁体励磁测控系统;系统数据通过在虚拟仪器平台上调用动态链接库文件(DLL),控制泰克公司KE2700系列集成式采集卡采集得到;传感器选择根据相应功能需要配置;操作台仪器控制、数据采集程序和人机界面由LabVIEW编写;搭配保护电路,保护超导线圈,降低失超损失;实现数据采集、参数控制、失超保护、匀场测试等功能。系统满足设计开发目的,平台搭建稳定可靠;功能相对完善,具体操作简易,交互界面友好,后期修改和功能扩展灵活;经工程实际运行测试验证,提高了研究和工作效率,达到设计要求,有实际应用价值。     

Measuring transport current loss of BSCCO/Ag tapes exposed to external AC magnetic field

BSCCO/Ag tape superconductors are developed for electrical power applications at liquid nitrogen temperatures. In these applications, e.g., superconducting transformers and power cables, an AC transport current and an AC magnetic field are present at the same time. A set-up to measure the influence of external AC magnetic field on the transport current loss, i.e., the voltage drop across a sample supplied with an AC transport current, has been developed. The magnetic field can be applied both parallel and perpendicular to the broad side of the tape conductor. An increase of the transport current loss due to the external AC magnetic field is observed. When a DC external magnetic field is applied the increase of the self-field loss can be described well by the decrease of the critical current due to the magnetic field. In the case of an AC external magnetic field this is only a minor effect. For magnetic field amplitudes higher than a certain threshold value the transport current loss is described reasonably well by the self-field loss and a dynamic resistance contribution calculated from the DC voltage–current relation in AC magnetic field.     

Local eddy current measurements in pulsed fields

This work presents new eddy current measurements in pulsed fields. A commercial point pick-up coil is used to detect the induction signal along the radius of Cu and Al samples with cylindrical shape and diameters between 5 and 35 mm. Local eddy current measurements were performed on the surface of conducting materials due to the small dimensions of the coil. A simple electrical circuit, used as a model, is proposed to describe the local eddy current effect in pulsed fields. The proposed model allows to calculate the phase shift angle between the signal proportional to eddy currents and the applied external field in a pulsed field magnetometer.