NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+发光上转换纳米晶的表面修饰及其生物效应

不理想的发光上转换纳米晶(UCNPs)表面效应成为其生物标记的主要障碍。本文合成了表面带有氨基功能基团的水溶性NaYF4∶Yb3+,Er3+UCNPs,并通过共价偶联的方式将聚乙二醇(PEG)分子修饰到其表面。光谱测试表明纳米晶的发光性质基本没有变化,扫描电镜结果说明修饰的PEG分子在一定程度上减少了纳米晶的聚集。最后,细胞毒性实验证明这种修饰后的上转换纳米晶具有良好的生物相容性。     

热退火、激光束和电子束等作用对纳米硅制备及其局域态发光特性的影响

在纳米晶体硅制备的过程中, 晶化处理是影响和提高纳米硅发光效率的重要制备环节. 热退火、激光退火和电子束辐照是使纳米硅样品晶化的不同方式. 实验表明: 选取适当的晶化方式和参量对制备纳米硅晶体结构至关重要, 特别是在制备硅量子点和量子面的过程中控制好参量, 可以得到较高的发光效率. 有趣的是, 在实验中发现: 当晶化时间较短(如低于20 min)时, 可以获得较好的纳晶硅结构(如量子点结构), 对应于较好的纳晶硅光致发光(PL)和掺杂局域态发光; 当晶化时间较长(如超过30 min)时, 纳米晶体硅结构被破坏, 致使PL谱逐渐减弱与消失. 结合热退火、激光退火和电子束辐照对纳米硅晶化过程, 本文建立起晶化时间对纳米硅局域态发光影响机理的物理模型, 解释了晶化时间对纳米硅局域态发光的影响.     

稀土纳米晶的上转换发光调控研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

近年来,将近红外光转换为短波长的可见或近红外光的稀土纳米晶上转换发光研究吸引了生物成像、纳米温度传感、太阳能电池等领域研究者的广泛关注。面向多领域的应用需求,稀土纳米晶上转换发光需提高其发光强度、发光波长以及激发波长的选择性。本文综述了纳米尺度上,通过组成、结构以及核壳结构的设计,在理解上转换发光过程的能量传递路径和上转换发光过程的基础上,提高对上转换发光的颜色、各跃迁的比例以及发光强度、发光寿命等调控的研究进展。此外,还关注了纳米晶与贵金属表面电场、表面有机分子以及环境温度的耦合在提高辐射跃迁几率、减少无辐射能量损失等方面提高其上转换发光强度的研究发展趋势。     

Er3+掺杂含Ba2LaF7纳米晶氧氟硼硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷发光性能的研究

制备了含有Ba2LaF7纳米晶的Er3+掺杂氧氟硼硅盐玻璃陶瓷,并对其光谱特性进行了研究.根据X射线粉末衍射结果可确认制备出Ba2LaF7纳米晶.根据吸收曲线计算了相应的Judd-Ofelt参数,Ω2 随着热处理温度的升高而减小,证明Er3+离子进入到Ba2LaF7纳米晶中.由于Ba2LaF7纳米晶的低声子能量,在玻璃陶瓷中观察到强烈的红光和绿光上转换发光,其上转换发光机理可以归为双光子过程.     

微波辅助表面修饰：大范围可控调节CdTe纳米粒子发光光谱

利用微波辅助合成方法简单快捷地调节水溶液中CdTe纳米晶的发光性质，使其发光光谱可以覆盖整个可见光区，甚至部分扩展到近红外(537～680 nm)．这种光谱调控的原因可能是由于CdTe纳米晶表面形成了核壳结构以及纳米粒子之间形成复杂的纳米组合体．     

利用核壳结构实现纳米颗粒的多色上转换发光

将多色荧光标记技术应用于生物信息检测可实现快速、实时、同步大规模检测目标生物分子的目的,利用上转换纳米粒子作为多色荧光探针可有效地避免生物组织自荧光对检测信号的影响。本文制备了具有核-壳结构的稀土氟化物纳米粒子,并通过在核与壳不同位置共掺杂不同浓度的敏化离子和发光离子来改变发光离子各发射峰之间的相对强度。利用不同颜色和强度的发射光谱实现了纳米粒子的多色上转换发光。利用透射电子显微镜成像、X射线衍射分析、发光光谱等测量手段对多色上转换发光纳米粒子进行了形貌、结构和上转换发光性质的表征。实验结果表明,具有核-壳结构的纳米粒子尺寸小于30 nm,呈球形。在980 nm红外光激发下,纳米粒子呈现从红色到蓝紫色的颜色可变的上转换发光。     

催化剂对热蒸发法生长SnO2纳米晶体质量的影响及其发光光谱研究

用热蒸发法制备了SnO2纳米结构,并用光致发光方法研究了其光谱特性.发现有催化剂条件下制备的SnO2纳米带的发光主峰为3.68 eV,正对应SnO2纳米晶体的带隙能量;而无催化条件下制备的SnO2纳米晶体的发光则以氧空位、悬键和表面态发光为主.并且前者的发光效率比后者提高近两个数量级,这些实验结果说明在有催化条件下制备了高质量的SnO2纳米带.另外,对其发光光谱进行了Gauss拟合,从拟合结果发现了(101)和(101)T孪生晶面的表面态的发光峰.     

纳米金膜及金壳表面局域等离激元对 上转换荧光波长的选择调控

基于贵金属表面局域等离子体共振(LSPR)调控上转换荧光的研究绝大部分集中于纳米颗粒或纳米棒,即使同一复合结构对上转换荧光(UCL)也有或增强或猝灭的截然相反的报道,而对于进一步提高上转换荧光材料的效率和强度以满足更广泛的应用需求则越来越引起人们高度关注。本文通过构筑两种纳米金/上转换纳米晶复合结构,系统研究了各自的表面局域等离激元对上转换荧光的增强和猝灭效应,基于微结构表征及对稳态、瞬态荧光光谱的分析,阐述了波长依赖的上转换荧光增强和猝灭机理。结果显示超薄纳米金壳结构对Ho~(3+)、Fe~(3+)共掺杂纳米晶的绿光发射选择性地增强了25倍,源于激发光能量与LSPR能量匹配的激发增强机制,而在覆盖有超薄纳米金膜的上转换纳米晶复合结构中却观察到了金膜引起的Er上转换荧光猝灭,同时红绿比随金膜厚度增加而增大,来自于金膜对激发光的散射、金膜的LSPR吸收带与绿光发射能级耦合引起无辐射跃迁几率增加,绿光上转换荧光强度下降相对显著,UCL寿命变短。     

稀土掺杂氧化物纳米发光材料研究

综述了稀土掺杂纳米发光材料方面的研究进展;主要介绍稀土掺杂氧化物纳米晶与体相材料相比所具有的一些特有的光谱学性质,包括光谱的移动与谱线的展宽、4fN电子的跃迁与弛豫过程、表面局域环境和格位对称性、电子-声子耦合、能量传递、浓度猝灭、温度猝灭以及光诱导发光强度变化等光谱现象,同时也探寻了其中的物理实质。主要对上转换纳米发光材料和一维纳米线/管的发光性质进行了介绍。     

利用共价键镶嵌上转换纳米晶制备发光NaYF_4-PMMA纳米复合聚合物

在NaYF_4纳米晶表面修饰不饱和基团,与甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体共聚,制备了NaYF_4-PMMA发光纳米复合聚合物。采用共价键将纳米晶镶嵌在聚合物基质中,可实现纳米粒子均匀、稳定、高浓度的掺杂。所使用的纳米发光材料为NaYF_4∶20%Yb,2%Er和NaYF_4∶20%Yb,1.5%Tm。NaYF_4∶20%Yb,2%Er纳米晶的尺寸为9~14 nm,NaYF_4∶20%Yb,1.5%Tm纳米晶的尺寸为11~15 nm。在980 nm红外光的激发下,NaYF_4∶20%Yb,2%Er-PMMA发出明亮的黄光,NaYF_4∶20%Yb,1.5%Tm-PMMA发出明亮的蓝光,分别与其对应的发光纳米晶的发射光谱完全一致。实验结果表明:NaYF_4-PMMA材料透明性良好,稳定性高,上转换发光强度大。这种上转换发光纳米复合聚合物在显示领域,特别是在真三维显示方面具有潜在的应用前景。     

Nonlinear dispersion of avalanche upconversion

Two-beam coupling measurements of an avalanche upconversion transition in concentrated Tm:LiYF (4) confirm that, despite the resonant nature of the excited-state optical interaction, the induced response is strongly dispersive. This surprising characteristic is shown to be a general feature of avalanche polarization, with an off-resonant process dominating the resonant response.     

掺Er3+卤碲酸盐玻璃上转换能级寿命和发光性能研究

对不同激发条件下Er3+离子在卤碲酸盐玻璃中的上转换能级寿命进行了测试.上转换激发时,由于Er3+离子间以及Er3+不同能级间能量转移的影响,使得其寿命远大于直接激发条件下的值.比较了碲酸盐玻璃和卤碲酸盐玻璃中Er3+离子的上转换发光强度,卤化物离子引入后引起发光强度的明显增加.探讨了Er3+离子在卤碲酸盐玻璃中的发光机制及上转换发光强度对抽运功率的依赖性.     

Dual-band pixelless upconversion imaging devices

We have proposed a type of mid-infrared (MIR) and far-infrared (FIR) dual-band imaging device, which employs the photon frequency upconversion concept in a GaN/AlGaN MIR and FIR dual-band detector integrated with a GaN/AlGaN violet light emitting diode. On the basis of the photoresponse of single-period GaN/AlGaN dual-band detectors, we present the detailed optimization of multiperiod GaN emitter/AlGaN barrier detectors and their applications to dual-band pixelless upconversion imaging. Satisfying images have been received through the analysis of the modulation transfer function and the upconversion efficiency in the GaN/AlGaN dual-band pixelless upconverters, which exhibit good image resolution, high quantum efficiency, and negligible cross talk.     

Near-infrared photocatalysis based on upconversion nanomaterials

As the global energy crisis and environmental pollution problems become increasingly severe, it is important to develop new energy capture and pollution management methods. Among these new technologies, photocatalysis has garnered significant interest because of its significant application prospects in harnessing pollution-free solar energy to degrade organic pollutants. From a fundamental scientific and technical perspective, improved optical frequency is a key research topic that provides a useful framework for studying the optical processes impacted by the local photonic environment. This type of study is especially pertinent because plasmonics emphasizes nonlinearity. Thus, near-infrared (NIR) catalysis has received considerable attention. In this review, we aimed to provide an integrated framework for NIR photocatalysis. We briefly introduce photocatalysis based on upconversion (UC) materials, including the efficiency of UC materials and the bination and energy transfer process between the semiconductor and UC particles as well as photoelectric response photocontrolled-delivery and photodynamic therapy based on NIR-responsive materials.     

掺Er3+卤碲酸盐玻璃上转换能级寿命和发光性能研究

对不同激发条件下Er3+离子在卤碲酸盐玻璃中的上转换能级寿命进行了测试.上转换激发时，由于Er3+离子间以及Er3+不同能级间能量转移的影响，使得其寿命远大于直接激发条件下的值.比较了碲酸盐玻璃和卤碲酸盐玻璃中Er3+离子的上转换发光 强度，卤化物离子引入后引起发光强度的明显增加.探讨了Er3+离子在卤碲酸盐玻璃 中的发光机制及上转换发光强度对抽运功率的依赖性. 关键词： 卤氧玻璃 上转换发光 激发条件     

Visible upconversion lasers in praseodymium-ytterbium-doped fibers

We report on a ZBLAN-fiber-based praseodymium-ytterbium-doped upconversion fiber laser operating in the blue-green with diffraction-limited beam quality. cw output powers of more than 150 mW at 491 nm are achieved for several hours without degradation. The spectroscopic data of the active material and laser parameters including the amplitude noise are discussed. Received: 28 June 1999 / Revised version: 20 August 1999 / Published online: 20 October 1999     

Efficient infrared detection by two-step upconversion

Detection of infrared radiation by nonlinear upconversion into the visible region is considered. The method enables one to operate the system at room temperature. It is shown that by employing a second-step upconversion in commonly available visible nonlinear crystals like KDP, KD,1 P and ADP it is possible to detect infrared signals with sensitive photocathodes.     

Characterization of upconversion coefficient in erbium-doped materials

We describe a new method for determining the homogeneous upconversion coefficient by using only three measurements: two fluorescence decays as a function of time and the relationship of normalized fluorescence with excitation power. This technique results in increased accuracy upon employment of a smaller number of measurements. Specifically, the intermediate steps of finding the absorption cross section of the doped material, the emission spectrum of the pumping source, and its spatial power distribution are not necessary. Our technique employs only one experimental setup: changing the pumping conditions. Furthermore, it incorporates dual-function fitting to reduce the uncertainty and error propagation. This method will find ample applications in the study and characterization of erbium-doped materials used in lasers and optical amplifiers, where precise knowledge of efficiency and losses is of uppermost importance.     

High-resolution two-dimensional image upconversion of incoherent light

We consider a technique for high-resolution image upconversion of thermal light. Experimentally, we demonstrate cw upconversion with a resolution of more than 200 × 1000 pixels of thermally illuminated objects. This is the first demonstration (to our knowledge) of high-resolution cw image upconversion. The upconversion method promises an alternative route to high-quantum-efficiency all-optical imaging in the mid-IR wavelength region and beyond using standard CCD cameras. A particular advantage of CCD cameras compared to state-of-the-art thermal cameras is the possibility to tailor and tune the spectral response leading to functional spectral imaging.     

Resolution measurements in parametric upconversion of images

An experimental investigation is made of the imaging properties of a parametric upconverter. Resolution is measured for several optical configurations and for different wavelengths. These results are compared to earlier theoretical analyses.