在动量表象中求解一维无限深势阱问题

在动量表象中求解一维无限深势阱中粒子的能级和波函数。     

关于一维无限深方势阱描述的一个注记

关于一维无限深方势阱描述的一个注记额尔敦朝鲁（内蒙古民族师范学院物理系，通辽０２８０４３）当前国内流行的许多量子力学教科书中，对一维无限深方势阱的描写出现多种形式，概括起来，至少存在以下四种不同的形式［１～３］：１）Ｕ（ｘ）＝０，０＜ｘ＜ａ∞，ｘ＜０...     

一维无限深方势阱的力算符

一维无限深方势阱阱壁的受力计算是量子力学教科书中经常遇见的一个习题,最近其在量子非平衡过程的研究中也吸引了不少研究兴趣.本文提出了一个力算符的定义,利用它可以非常方便地重新得到之前的结果.当阱壁随时间移动时,该算符的正确性也得到了数值验证.这个方法的优点在于避免先引入有限深方势阱计算平均力后再取阱深为无限大的极限过程.计算表明,在量子情形下引入含时正则变换再定义力算符的方法既不正确也无必要.     

类经典态——谐振子和无限深方势阱

把坐标平均值随时间的变化和在宏观条件下与经典解相同的量子态定义为类经典态,并求解了一维谐振子和无限深方势阱的类经典态,有助于从波动力学角度理解量子到经典过度的问题. 关键词： 量子经典对应 类经典态 谐振子 无限深方势阱     

动边界一维无限深势阱中粒子的演化

因其时间上的周期性,周期驱动的量子系统在很多方面都展现出了奇异的物理性质,如绝热演化和时间晶体。在简单物理系统中展示这些奇异性质不仅可以加深对量子力学的理解,还可以培养学生的科研兴趣。本文展示当一维无限深方势阱的边界发生周期变化时,处于势阱中粒子的时间演化规律。研究考虑了绝热演化与非绝热演化两种情况,通过解析分析和数值模拟,求解了绝热和非绝热两种情况下,系统在不同参数以及边界运动模式下基态的占据几率。通过求解系统能量期望值和能量偏离值,给出了边界的振动频率和强度对粒子处于不同能级概率的影响。结果表明：相同速度的势阱扩张和收缩运动对阱中粒子的时间演化影响不同;不同的阱壁周期运动模式对粒子的时间演化影响也不同。本文还对数值方法给出的结果进行了简单的解释。     

带δ函数势无限深势阱中的能谱研究

当无限深势阱中加入δ函数势后,受影响最大的是基态,当δ函数势由排斥变为吸引时,基态能量由正变负,而其他能级保持为正.     

一维无限深势阱定态波函数动量展开讨论

一维无限深势阱定态的动量概率分布存在两种"互相矛盾"的结论.为帮助学生理解两种结论的异同,锻炼严谨的科学作风和解决复杂问题的能力,笔者在量子力学理论教学中指导学生利用Python等现代科学计算工具,将一维无限深势阱定态波函数动量展开的讨论进行数值求解与可视化,绘制了不同观点以及不同情形下粒子的动量概率分布图.以此为基础讨论了不同计算结果的物理含义,揭示了两种结论的内在联系.此创新性的举措不仅有效加深了学生对于该重要问题的理解,还促进了学生专业知识、科学能力和综合素质的全面培养.     

一维无限深方势阱的力公式及在费米气体中的应用

本文得到了一维无限深方势阱单个粒子对缓慢移动阱壁作用力的解析公式.该结果被推广到势阱中有多个无相互作用费米子的情况.在绝对零度时,多粒子相干力主要来源于最高能量本征态和比它高一级的能量本征态之间的相干效应.     

一维无限深势阱内粒子概率密度演示仪

设计了一维无限深势阱中粒子概率密度演示仪,利用粒子的态函数的驻波图像来演示粒子的概率密度,使学生能直观地观察一维无限深势阱内粒子的概率密度分布规律.     

一维无限深势阱的扩展探讨

建立了势阱宽度变化的一维无限深势阱的动态模型,通过求解含时间的薛定谔方程,证明粒子通常处于叠加态,得出了系统能量处于不同值的概率,而这一概率可以理解为无辐射跃迁的概率.     

带电线性谐振子在非对易空间中的Wigner函数

在利用Wigner函数性质的基础上, 考虑到空间变量的对易关系中包含了坐标 坐标的非对易性, 得到了带电线性谐振子在非对易空间中的Wigner函数。 Based on the property of wigner function, the Wigner function of charged Linear Harmonic Oscillator in non commutative space was obtained by considering the noncommutative of the coordinate coordinate in the relation of space variable.     

Normally-Ordered Time Evolution Operator for Mass-Varying Harmonic Oscillator and Wigner Function of Squeezed Number State

For investigating dynamic evolution of a mass-varying harmonic oscillator we constitute a ket-bra integration operator in coherent state representation and then perform this integral by virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. The normally ordered time evolution operator is thus obtained. We then derive the Wigner function of u（t）｜n,〉, where ｜n〉 is a Fock state, which exhibits a generalized squeezing, the squeezing effect is related to the varying mass with time.     

Normally-Ordered Time Evolution Operator for Mass-Varying Harmonic Oscillator and Wigner Function of Squeezed Number State

For investigating dynamic evolution of a mass-varying harmonic oscillator we constitute a ket-bra integration operator in coherent state representation and then perform this integral by virtue of the technique ofintegration within an ordered product of operators. The normally orderedtime evolution operator is thus obtained. We then derive the Wigner functionof$u(t)| n>, where | n> is a Fock state, which exhibits a generalized squeezing, the squeezing effect is related to the varying mass with time.     

Quantum uncertainties of the confined Harmonic Oscillator in position,momentum and phase‐space

Quantum uncertainties in position, momentum and phase‐space are studied in the confined Harmonic Oscillator. Standard deviations and Shannon entropies are used to quantify these uncertainties and their behaviors are compared and contrasted. We observe a minimum in the momentum space Shannon entropy as the box length is increased, a feature that is not present in the momentum space standard deviation. The behaviors of the standard deviation product and the Shannon entropy sum, which form the basis of uncertainty relationships, are also analyzed. Maxima are observed in the product as the box length increases in sharp contrast to the entropy sum. The relationship between these behaviors and that of the Shannon entropy of the phase‐space Wigner function is analyzed and discussed. An analysis of the energetic components is also performed. The results reinforce the idea that the confined Harmonic Oscillator can be considered as an intermediate model which interpolates between the Particle in a Box Model and the Harmonic Oscillator and thus contains characteristics of both models.

     

Pseudospin Symmetry for a Ring-Shaped Non-spherical Harmonic Oscillator Potential

The pseudospin symmetry for a ring-shaped non-spherical harmonic oscillator potential is investigated by solving the Dirac equation with equal mixture of scalar and vector potentials with opposite signs. The normalized spinor wave function and energy equation are obtained, the algebraic property of the energy equation and some particular cases are also discussed.     

Exact Time-Dependent Wave Functions of a Confined Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator with Two Moving Boundaries

By applying the standard analytical techniques of solving partial differential equations, we have obtained the exact solution in terms of the Fourier sine series to the time-dependent Schrodinger equation describing a quantum one-dimensional harmonic oscillator of time-dependent frequency confined in an infinite square well with the two walls moving along some parametric trajectories. Based upon the orthonormal basis of quasi-stationary wave functions, the exact propagator of the system has also been analytically derived. Special eases like （i） a confined free particle, （ii） a confined time-independent harmonic oscillator, and （iii） an aging oscillator are examined, and the corresponding time- dependent wave functions are explicitly determined. Besides, the approach has been extended to solve the case of a confined generalized time-dependent harmonic oscillator for some parametric moving boundaries as well.     

Exact Time-Dependent Wave Functions of a Confined Time-Dependent Harmonic Oscillator with Two Moving Boundaries

By applying the standard analytical techniques of solving partial differential equations, we have obtained the exact solution in terms of the Fourier sine series to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation describing a quantum one-dimensional harmonic oscillator of time-dependent frequency confined in an infinite square well with the two walls moving along some parametric trajectories. Based upon the orthonormal basis of quasi-stationary wave functions, the exact propagator of the system has also been analytically derived. Special cases like (i) a confined free particle, (ii) a confined time-independent harmonic oscillator, and (iii) an aging oscillator are examined, and the corresponding time-dependent wave functions are explicitly determined. Besides, the approach has been extended to solve the case of a confined generalized time-dependent harmonic oscillator for someparametric moving boundaries as well.     

非球谐振子势的精确解

严格求解了三维非球谐振,势的Schrodinger方程给出了精确的能谱方程和归一化的径向波函数.获得了径向幂次算符r^s的矩阵元和平均值的计算公式及其递推关系.     

Harmonic Oscillator in External Fields: Applications to Trapped Bosons and Fermions

Properties of harmonic oscillator in external fields are studied. The formalism developed is applied to a harmonic oscillator in a nonhomogeneous gravitational field. Partition functions and thermodynamic potentials for trapped Bose and Fermi gases are found. Thermodynamics of trapped Bosons and Fermions in external fields is discussed.     

Wigner Function for Klein--Gordon Landau Problem

First we calculate the Wigner phase-space distribution function for the Klein-Gordan Landau problem on a commmutative space. Then we study the modifications introduced by the coordinate-coordinate noncommuting and momentum-momentum noncommuting, namely, by using a generalized Bopp's shift method we construct the Wigner function for the Klein-Gordan Landau problem both on a noncommutative space (NCS) and a noncommutative phase space (NCPS).