帕金森氏病与头发中微量元素关系的研究

以人发为材料，探讨了帕金森氏病与微量元素的关系。采集了６０例患者头发和５０例健康人头发，用电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱仪进行测定，结果发现，患者组头发铜、锌、铁、锰明显低于对照组，患者组轻、中、重分型病人的头发微量元素变化有一定的规律，上述结果提示微量元素与帕金森氏病有重要关系。     

帕金森氏病与血清中微量元素关系的研究

以人血清为材料，探讨了帕金森氏病与微量元素的关系。采集了６２例患者血清和３３例健康人血清，用电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱仪进行测定，结果发现，患者组血清锌明显低于对照组、铜、锰低于对照组，还发现患者组轻、中、重分型病人血清铅有明显差异，上述结果提示微量元素可能在帕金森氏病的发生、发展和转归中起着重要的作用。     

铝的毒性作用对铁、钙和镁生理功能的影响及相关机理的研究概况

本文综述了近年来铝的毒性作用对铁、钙和镁生理功能的影响及相关机理的研究概况.并讨论了铝在阿尔茨海默氏病(Alzhmers disease, AD),帕金森氏病(Parkinson's disease, PD)及透析病中毒性作用机理.引用文献50篇.     

铝在阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病及透析病发病中的毒性及减轻铝负荷的药物研究进展

本文综述了近年来铝在阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病及透析脑、骨及血病发病中的毒性及减轻人体铝负荷的药物研究的进展。介绍了该类病的病理学及病源学的研究成果。减轻铝负荷的药物主要涉及了去铁胺、羟基吡啶酮、儿茶酚类、肌醇或其衍生物等铝的螫合剂。讨论了血中铁转移蛋白在铝的存储及传输中的作用。     

铝在阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病及透析病发病中的毒性及减轻铝负荷的药物研究进展

本文综述了近年来铝在阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病及透析脑、骨及血病发病中的毒性及减轻人体铝负荷的药物研究的进展。介绍了该类病的病理学及病源学的研究成果。减轻铝负荷的药物主要涉及了去铁胺、羟基吡啶酮、儿茶酚类、肌醇或其衍生物等铝的螫合剂。讨论了血中铁转移蛋白在铝的存储及传输中的作用。     

伊曲茶碱中间体杂质的分离与鉴定

伊曲茶碱是一种新型选择性腺苷A2A受体拮抗剂,用于治疗帕金森氏病和改善帕金森氏病初期运动障碍.在伊曲茶碱中间体A1(6-氨基-1,3-二乙基-2,4-(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮)的合成过程中,碱性条件或高温条件下会伴随生成至少2种副产物,在前期研究中我们已经对该中间体合成过程中的其中一种副产物进行过研究,确定其结构为(E...     

抗胆碱能药物的构象研究(II)——3-[β-(苯基环戊基羟基)乙氧基]奎宁环烷的不对称合成与分子张力及立体化学与受体作用关系研究

抗胆碱能药是一类重要的神经系统药物,是治疗和拯救有机磷农药中毒和化学武器伤害者生命的核心药物。同时对于治疗帕金森氏病、晕车晕船之运动病,胃溃疡、胃绞痛、肠功能性     

线粒体特异性检测与调控

线粒体(mitochondria)是一种由双层膜包被的细胞器,存在于大多数细胞中,能够通过位于线粒体内膜上的呼吸链产生能量,被称为细胞的"能量工厂"。此外,线粒体参与到细胞分化、信息传递和细胞凋亡等过程,并调控细胞周期和细胞生长。线粒体的功能障碍与多种人类疾病相关,如帕金森氏病、阿尔兹海默氏病、心血管疾病和某些癌症等。鉴于其在生物体中的重要作用,线粒体一直是科学家们的研究重点。本文就线粒体特异性检测和调控研究的最新进展进行了综述。     

新型微渗析取样-电化学检测技术用于内源性神经毒素对胆碱能系统损伤的研究

乙酰胆碱(ACh)系统是调节神经功能的重要系统,其神经元在颅内分布广泛,ACh系统参与了机体内众多的生理功能,且与神经系统性疾病,如帕金森氏病(PD)等有关.作为胆碱能系统中两个主要的神经递质ACh和Ch,其含量的异常变化与中枢神经系统功能的改变有着密切的关系~([1]),因此实现ACh和Ch的同时检测对神经系统性疾病的病理学研究具有重要意义.     

用左旋多巴-示差脉冲伏安法间接测定生物样品中的铝

人体内摄入过多的铝可能导致或促进阿尔茨海默氏病 ( Alzheimer s disease)、帕金森氏病( Parkinson s disease)及透析脑病 ( Dialysis encephalopathy)的发病 [1] .原子吸收光谱法、能量分布 X射线光谱法、 X射线微探针分析法、激光微探针质量分析法和核显微法曾用于测定脑铝 .这些方法在样品制作过程中易被污染 [2 ,3] ,仪器昂贵 ,灵敏度不高 ,而且均不能用于人体液和脑铝的在体检测 .由于铝的还原电位约 - 1 .7V,易受 H+干扰 ,直接测定铝有困难 .吸附伏安法利用铝与染料的配合物的电化学响应来测定环境和生物制品中的铝 ,检测下限达 1…     

Pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of peroxynitrite-treated melanins

Peroxynitrite—a strong oxidizing and nitrating agent—is thought to be a mediator of the cytotoxic action of nitric oxide in biological systems. There is some evidence that peroxynitrite-dependent processes may be involved in the pathomechanism of Parkinson's disease. Recently, it has been suggested that neuromelanin, present in the cytoplasm of nigrostriatal neurons, can act as natural scavenger of peroxynitrite. In this study the effect of peroxynitrite on the structure of synthetic models of human neuromelanin was investigated. Model neuromelanins, obtained from dopamine (DA) and/or 5-S-cysteinyldopamine (5-S-CysDA), were pyrolyzed at 770 °C before and after treatment with peroxynitrite and the thermal degradation products separated by gas chromatography were identified by mass spectrometry. After exposure to peroxynitrite, reduced content of the typical pyrolysis products accompanied by elevated levels of low molecular weight gases in the pyrolysates were observed. The changes in pyrolytic patterns were dependent on melanin type and peroxynitrite concentration. It was concluded that interaction with peroxynitrite causes extensive oxidative degradation of the analyzed pigments. This may be of great biological importance with regard to depigmentation of nigrostriatal neurons demonstrated in Parkinson's disease.     

Self-assembled nanochaperones enable the disaggregation of amyloid insulin fibrils

The deposition of highly ordered amyloid fibrils is recognized as a hallmark of amyloidosis diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.Disaggregating the amyloid fibrils is considered as one of the effective strategies for the control and treatment of amyloidosis diseases.In this article,by simulating the function of natural molecular chaperones,co-assembled block copolymer micelles with coordination groups of nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA)and hydrophobic microdomains of poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM)on the surface were used as nanochaperones(n Chaps)to disaggregate amyloid insulin fibrils.Zinc ions chelated by NTA can bind the histidine imidazole residues while the PNIPAM microdomains can interact with the exposed hydrophobic sites on the amyloid insulin fibrils,which synergistically perturb the stability of amyloid insulin fibrils,loosen their structure,and finally promote their disaggregation.A combination of characterizations with fluorescence spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),dynamic hight scattering(DLS),and quartz crystal microbalance(QCM)demonstrated that mature amyloid insulin fibrils were completely disaggregated after incubating with n Chaps for 90 h.This study may provide a promising strategy for the development of n Chaps for the treatment of amyloidosis diseases.     

Rifampicin inhibits alpha-synuclein fibrillation and disaggregates fibrils

The aggregation of alpha-synuclein in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra is a critical step in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. We show that the antibiotic rifampicin inhibited alpha-synuclein fibrillation and disaggregated existing fibrils in a concentration-dependent manner. Size-exclusion chromatography data indicated that rifampicin stabilized alpha-synuclein as both a monomer and soluble oligomers comprised of partially folded alpha-synuclein. Experiments using aged samples of rifampicin indicated that the most active species in inhibiting fibrillation and disaggregating fibrils is an oxidation product of rifampicin, which was confirmed in experiments under anaerobic conditions. These results indicate that rifampicin-mediated inhibition of alpha-synuclein fibrillation and disaggregation of fibrils involves preferential stabilization of monomeric and soluble oligomeric forms, and that rifampicin potentially may have therapeutic application for Parkinson's disease.     

Targeting alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease

alpha-Synuclein aggregation into fibrils is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Li et al. provide strong evidence that rifampicin interacts with alpha-synuclein and inhibits its fibrillization. Rifampicin could be a promising candidate for therapeutic application for PD.     

Highly Efficient Diastereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydro-isoquinoline-3- carboxylate Ester Analogs from L-DOPA

Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate esters are an important motif of naturally occurring bioactive alkaloids and pharmacophores. They are generally regarded as neurotoxic compounds and are putatively involved in a variety of pathologic conditions of central nervous system, including alcoholism, phenylketonuria, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease.     

Development and application of nano-flavor-drug carriers in neurodegenerative diseases

Nano-drug carriers such as liposomes, polymer micelles, and polymer nanoparticles are used for neurodegenerative diseases, which can help drug pass the blood-brain barrier easily, and improve the therapeutic effect.     

L-DOPA ropes in tRNA(Phe)

L-DOPA is the most commonly prescribed drug for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Here, Moor et?al. (2011) report that phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase catalyzes the misacylation of tRNA(Phe) by L-DOPA, suggesting that it may contribute to the elevated levels of L-DOPA-containing proteins found in patients treated with this drug.     

Neuroprotective effects of vanillyl alcohol in Gastrodia elata Blume through suppression of oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic activity in toxin-induced dopaminergic MN9D cells

Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) has long been used in oriental countries as a traditional herbal medicine to relieve symptoms associated with neurological ailments such as vertigo, general paralysis and epilepsy. In this study, we have investigated the effects of GE extracts and its major bioactive components on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-treated MN9D dopaminergic cells, a classic in vitro model for Parkinson's disease (PD). We found that vanillyl alcohol effectively inhibited the cytotoxicity and improved cell viability in MPP+-induced MN9D dopaminergic cells. The underlying mechanisms of vanillyl alcohol action were also studied. Vanillyl alcohol attenuated the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreased in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase proteolysis. These results indicate that vanillyl alcohol protected dopaminergic MN9D cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis by relieving oxidative stress and modulating the apoptotic process and is therefore a potential candidate for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.