Convergence of the point vortex method for 2-D vortex sheet

We give an elementary proof of the convergence of the point vortex method (PVM) to a classical weak solution for the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations with initial vorticity being a finite Radon measure of distinguished sign and the initial velocity of locally bounded energy. This includes the important example of vortex sheets, which exhibits the classical Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. A surprise fact is that although the velocity fields generated by the point vortex method do not have bounded local kinetic energy, the limiting velocity field is shown to have a bounded local kinetic energy.

     

Almost optimal convergence of the point vortex method for vortex sheets using numerical filtering

Standard numerical methods for the Birkhoff-Rott equation for a vortex sheet are unstable due to the amplification of roundoff error by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. A nonlinear filtering method was used by Krasny to eliminate this spurious growth of round-off error and accurately compute the Birkhoff-Rott solution essentially up to the time it becomes singular. In this paper convergence is proved for the discretized Birkhoff-Rott equation with Krasny filtering and simulated roundoff error. The convergence is proved for a time almost up to the singularity time of the continuous solution. The proof is in an analytic function class and uses a discrete form of the abstract Cauchy-Kowalewski theorem. In order for the proof to work almost up to the singularity time, the linear and nonlinear parts of the equation, as well as the effects of Krasny filtering, are precisely estimated. The technique of proof applies directly to other ill-posed problems such as Rayleigh-Taylor unstable interfaces in incompressible, inviscid, and irrotational fluids, as well as to Saffman-Taylor unstable interfaces in Hele-Shaw cells.

     

A blow‐up criterion for incompressible hydrodynamic flow of liquid crystals in dimension two

In the paper, we establish a Serrin type criterion for strong solutions to a simplified density‐dependent Ericksen‐ Leslie system modeling incompressible, nematic liquid crystal materials in dimension two. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A stable semi-discrete central scheme for the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations

^** Email: dlevy{at}math.stanford.edu We derive a second-order, semi-discrete central-upwind schemefor the incompressible 2D Euler equations in the vorticity formulation.The reconstructed velocity field preserves an exact discreteincompressibility relation. We state a local maximum principlefor a fully discrete version of the scheme and prove it usinga convexity argument. We then show how similar convexity argumentscan be used to prove that the scheme maps certain Orlicz spacesinto themselves. The consequences of this result on the convergenceof the scheme are discussed. Numerical simulations support theexpected properties of the scheme.     

On the energy of inviscid singular flows

It is known that the energy of a weak solution to the Euler equation is conserved if it is slightly more regular than the Besov space . When the singular set of the solution is (or belongs to) a smooth manifold, we derive various Lp-space regularity criteria dimensionally equivalent to the critical one. In particular, if the singular set is a hypersurface the energy of u is conserved provided the one-sided non-tangential limits to the surface exist and the non-tangential maximal function is L³ integrable, while the maximal function of the pressure is L3/2 integrable. The results directly apply to prove energy conservation of the classical vortex sheets in both 2D and 3D at least in those cases where the energy is finite.     

Notes on the equivalence of different variable separation approaches for nonlinear evolution equations

The equivalence of multilinear variable separation approach, the extended projective Ricatti equation method and the improved tanh-function method is firstly reported when these three popular methods are used to realize variable separation for nonlinear evolution equations. We take the (2 + 1)-dimensional modified Broer–Kaup system for an example to illustrate this point. All solutions obtained by the extended projective Ricatti equation method and the improved tanh-function method coincide with the one obtained by the multilinear variable separation approach. Moreover, based on one of variable separation solutions, we also find that although abundant localized coherent structures can be constructed for a special component, we must pay our attention to the solution expression of the corresponding other component for the same equation lest many un-physical related structures might be obtained.     

Three-dimensional sand ripples as the product of vortex instability

Three-dimensional sand ripples can be observed under steady liquid flows in both nature and industry. Some examples are the ripples observed on the bed of rivers and in petroleum pipelines conveying sand. Although of importance, the formation of these patterns is not completely understood. There are theoretical and experimental evidence that aquatic ripples grow from two-dimensional bed instabilities, so that a straight vortex is formed just downstream of their crests. The proposition of Raudkivi (2006) [18], that three-dimensionality has its origin in a vortex instability, is employed here. This paper presents a linear stability analysis of the downstream vortex in order to obtain the transverse scales of three-dimensional ripples. The obtained wavelength is compared with experimentally observed ripples.     

On the evolution equation of compressible vortex sheets

We are concerned with supersonic vortex sheets for the Euler equations of compressible inviscid fluids in two space dimensions. For the problem with constant coefficients we derive an evolution equation for the discontinuity front of the vortex sheet. This is a pseudo-differential equation of order two. In agreement with the classical stability analysis, if the Mach number $\mathsf{M}$ satisfies , the symbol is elliptic and the problem is ill-posed. On the contrary, if then the problem is weakly stable, and we are able to derive a wave-type a priori energy estimate for the solution, with no loss of regularity with respect to the data. Then we prove the well-posedness of the problem, by showing the existence of the solution in weighted Sobolev spaces.     

Regularity criterion of weak solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations via two velocity components

This paper is concerned with the regularity criterion of Leray-Hopf weak solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations with respect to Serrin type condition on two velocity filed components. It is shown that the weak solution u=(u₁,u₂,u₃) is regular on (0,T] if there exist two solution components, for example, u₂ and u₃, satisfying the condition

     

Local existence and blow-up criterion for the Euler equations in Besov spaces of weak type

We introduce Besov type function spaces, based on the weak L ^p -spaces instead of the standard L ^p -spaces, and prove a local-in-time unique existence and a blow-up criterion of solutions in those spaces for the Euler equations of perfect incompressible fluid in . For the proof, we establish the Beale-Kato-Majda type logarithmic inequality and commutator type estimates in our weak spaces. Abbreviate title: Euler equations in Besov spaces of weak type     

A Beale–Kato–Majda criterion for the 3D viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations

In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy problem for the 3D viscous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations and establish a Beale–Kato–Majda regularity criterion of smooth solutions in terms of the velocity vector in the homogeneous bounded mean oscillations space. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Partial regularity criteria for suitable weak solutions of the three‐dimensional liquid crystals flow

In this paper, we establish some new interior regularity criteria for suitable weak solutions of the liquid crystals flow in terms of the smallness of the scaled L^p,q‐norm of the velocity field or the vorticity, which extends the results by Scheffer in [Communications in Mathematical Physics 1980; 73 :1–42]. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A criterion for the integral equivalence of two generalized convex integer polyhedra

We introduce the notion of integral equivalence and formulate a criterion for the equivalence of two polyhedra having certain special properties. The category of polyhedra under consideration includes Klein polyhedra, which are the convex hulls of nonzero points of the lattice ?³ that belong to some 3-dimensional simplicial cone with vertex at the origin, and therefore the criterion enables one to improve some results related to Klein polyhedra. In particular, we suggest a simplified formulation of a geometric analog of Lagrange’s theorem on continued fractions in the three-dimensional case.     

On the Limit as the Density Ratio Tends to Zero for Two Perfect Incompressible Fluids Separated by a Surface of Discontinuity

We study the asymptotic limit as the density ratio ρ^?/ρ⁺ → 0, where ρ⁺ and ρ^? are the densities of two perfect incompressible 2-D/3-D fluids, separated by a surface of discontinuity along which the pressure jump is proportional to the mean curvature of the moving surface. Mathematically, the fluid motion is governed by the two-phase incompressible Euler equations with vortex sheet data. By rescaling, we assume the density ρ⁺ of the inner fluid is fixed, while the density ρ^? of the outer fluid is set to ε. We prove that solutions of the free-boundary Euler equations in vacuum are obtained in the limit as ε → 0.     

A new proof of the existence of weak solutions to a model for phase evolution driven by material forces

We prove the existence of weak solutions to a one‐dimensional initial‐boundary value problem for a model system of partial differential equations, which consists of a sub‐system of linear elasticity and a nonlinear non‐uniformly parabolic equation of second order. To simplify the existence proof of weak solutions in the 2006 paper of Alber and Zhu, we replace the function in that work by . The model is formulated by using a sharp interface model for phase transformations that are driven by material forces. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一类Euler方程解的渐近行为

给出了一类Ginzburg-Landau型泛函的极小元所满足的Euler方程的解的某些弱收敛性质。     

三维粘流—无粘干扰流动方程组部分正则性问题

本文讨论了三维粘流一无粘干扰流动方程组部分正则性问题，引入了新的三维粘流－无粘干扰流动假设，并得到了相应的结论。