耦合复变系数Ginzburg-Landau方程的啁啾类孤波对传输特性研究

通过对耦合复变系数Ginzburg-Landau方程所描述的非线性光纤系统的研究,分别数值分析了啁啾类亮-暗和啁啾类暗-暗两组孤波对在这种非线性光纤中传输的稳定性.在加入非线性增益(损耗),和增益带宽限制放大(滤波的谱限制)效应后,耦合啁啾孤子对的特点是暗孤波在反常群速度色散区,亮孤子在正常群速度色散区时可以稳定传输.并进一步讨论了加入振幅微扰和白噪声微扰对孤子传输稳定性的影响.     

负折射介质中啁啾暗孤立波的传输特性研究

本文求解了描述负折射介质中超短脉冲传输的归一化薛定谔方程,发现负折射介质中可以存在一种非线性啁啾暗孤波.结合负折射介质的特性,详细研究了该啁啾暗孤波的形成条件和传输特性.结果发现,与普通介质中的暗孤波不同,该啁啾暗孤波只能存在于介质的反常色散区,且孤被的速度影响其啁啾和幅度.另外,我们数值研究了该啁啾暗孤波在诸如频率偏移、功率波动和噪声干扰下的稳定性,结果表明,这种啁啾暗孤波在有限的扰动下具有很好的稳定性.     

有限宽度背景中的啁啾灰孤子

基于在正常色散区的变系数非线性薛定谔方程,考虑一个带有微扰的参数渐减光纤系统,并利用数值模拟方法,对超高斯型有限宽度背景波和有限宽度背景中啁啾灰孤子的传输进行详细地研究.结果表明,超高斯背景波可以在带有微扰的参数渐减光纤系统中不受负载啁啾灰孤子的影响而稳定传输.当取背景波脉宽与啁啾孤子的初始脉宽比例大于或等于50时,有限宽度背景中啁啾灰孤子的数值结果基本与精确解相吻合.即使选取的背景波脉宽不宽,有限宽度背景中的啁啾灰脉冲仍可以很好的保持其孤子性质.     

自陡峭和拉曼增益对啁啾Peregrine怪波传输特性的影响

本文基于高阶非线性薛定谔方程,数值研究了自陡峭效应和拉曼增益对啁啾Peregrine怪波传输特性的影响。结果发现,随着自陡峭效应的增强,啁啾Peregrine怪波的分裂变得不再规则,且分裂后脉冲中心位置发生偏移;拉曼增益效应的增加会导致啁啾Peregrine怪波分裂后一侧子脉冲的峰值功率增加明显。     

基于耦合Ginzburg-Landau方程的石墨烯锁模光纤激光器的暗暗孤子解及其稳定性

以耦合Ginzburg-Landau方程为模型,对石墨烯锁模光纤激光器中脉冲的动力学行为进行了详细地研究.首先,采用拟解法推导了该方程组的啁啾类暗暗孤子对解;其次,对啁啾类暗暗孤子对的传输特性及稳定性进行了数值研究.结果表明:合理选择系统参数,不仅可以得到啁啾类暗暗孤子对的精确解,而且该精确解还可以在一定的扰动下稳定传输.相关结果将为设计和改善石墨烯锁模光纤激光器的性能提供一定的理论依据.     

色散缓变光纤中初始啁啾对超高斯脉冲传输特性的影响

从非线性薛定谔方程出发,采用变分法,导出了色散缓变光纤中超高斯脉冲参数随传输距离的演化方程组及其解,讨论了初始啁啾对色散缓变光纤中超高斯脉冲传输特性的影响.求出了振幅与脉宽、频率与啁啾、脉宽与啁啾之间的三个解析约束关系,得出了脉宽随传输距离演化的解析解,用龙格-库塔法进行数值求解描绘了初始啁啾和脉冲前后沿锐度对呈指数变化的色散缓变光纤中超高斯脉冲的脉宽的影响.结果表明:初始嘣啾、色散缓变和脉冲前后沿锐度对超高斯脉冲的振幅、脉宽、唰啾和相位有直接影响,脉冲前后沿锐度对超高斯脉冲中心位置没有影响,超高斯脉冲传输过程中会产生唰啾,但脉冲中心的等效频率保持为常数.     

用变分法研究高阶色散和五阶非线性对高斯脉冲在光纤中传输特性的影响

从修正的非线性薛定谔方程出发,采用变分法,导出了在高阶色散和五阶非线性共同作用情况下高斯型脉冲参量随传输距离的演化方程组;求出了振幅与脉宽、频率与啁啾、脉宽与啁啾之间的三个重要约束关系;并进一步得出了脉宽随传输距离演化的解析解和脉冲中心位置随传输距离的演化规律;描绘了高阶色散和五阶非线性下,脉宽随传输距离演化的图形.结果表明:光纤中的高阶色散和五阶非线性都会影响高斯型脉冲各个参量的演化,但脉宽和振幅间的绝热关系并未改变.高阶色散使高斯型脉冲的脉宽展宽,五阶非线性使高斯型脉冲的脉宽压缩,它们对脉宽或初始啁啾的影响可以在一定程度上抵消,从而有可能使脉冲近似实现保形传输.     

飞秒光孤立波解传输的稳定性分析

针对高阶非线性薛定谔方程任意参量下的飞秒光孤立波解，用数值演化方法考察了该光脉冲在受到各种初始扰动时的稳定性。结果表明：当飞秒光脉冲受到振幅及波形扰动时可以稳定传输，对于随机噪声及啁啾的扰动，在一定范围内也可传输，这有可能为进一步实现飞秒光脉冲在光纤中的无畸变传输提供一定的理论依据。     

初始啁啾对脉冲频谱演变的影响

本文从理论上分析了色散和非线性对脉冲频谱的影响 ,采用数值方法求解了非线性薛定谔方程的频域解。模拟了初始啁啾对不同形状脉冲频谱的作用。研究结果表明 :初始啁啾对频谱的影响随脉冲形状而变化。对高斯型脉冲 ,正的初始啁啾导致频谱严重展宽 ,负初始啁啾对频谱影响较小。超高斯型脉冲的频谱出现了旁瓣 ,这会引起能量的损失 ;而初始啁啾对其频谱的影响并不大。孤子型脉冲的频谱受初始啁啾的影响较大 ,尤其是高阶孤子。因此 ,为了保证脉冲稳定传输 ,必须消除初始啁啾。     

初始啁啾对双曲正割光脉冲线性传输特性的影响

采用分步傅里叶方法数值研究了初始线性啁啾和非线性啁啾双曲正割光脉冲在单模光纤反常色散区的线性传输特性，并与啁啾高斯脉冲的线性传输特性作了比较.给出了双曲正割光脉冲频谱宽度和时间带宽积随初始线性啁啾变化的表达式.结果表明，双曲正割脉冲在线性啁啾|C|>0.1时随传输距离的增加逐渐演化成近高斯型，在0≤|C|≤0.1时最后将演化为近双曲正割脉冲.|C|越小，脉冲时域波形越趋近双曲正割曲线.负啁啾对脉冲时域展宽的影响比正啁啾要大得多.当|C|≥0.5时，初始啁啾对双曲正割光脉冲展宽的影响比对高斯脉冲的影响更大.非线性啁啾双曲正割光脉冲在线性传输过程中会出现时域波形分裂现象，比具有相同啁啾的高斯脉冲时域波形分裂严重. 关键词： 频率啁啾 双曲正割光脉冲 线性传输 时域波形分裂     

Generation of 50-fs, 5-nJ pulses at 1.03 micrometre from a wave-breaking-free fiber laser

We report the generation of 6-nJ chirped pulses from a mode-locked Yb fiber laser at 1.03 micrometre. A linear anomalous-dispersion segment suppresses wave-breaking effects of solitonlike pulse shaping at high energies. The dechirped pulse duration is 50 fs, and the energy is 5 nJ. This laser produces twice the pulse energy and average power, and approximately five times the peak power, of the previous best mode-locked fiber laser. It is to our knowledge the first fiber laser that directly offers performance similar to that of solid-state lasers such as Ti:sapphire.     

Chirped femtosecond solitonlike laser pulse form with self-frequency shift

Ultrashort laser pulse propagation in a generalized nonconservative system is considered. Slopes appearing in the form of the third-order time derivative for narrow pulse widths, nonlinear dispersion, and self-frequency shift arising from stimulated Raman scattering are taken into account. An exact analytical solitonlike solution is presented for a femtosecond solitary laser pulse. The stability of the latter has been shown numerically by applying perturbations in amplitude and chirp, as well as adding white noise. The results indicate stability in a broad parameter range. In addition, we have also found that the solution acts as an attractor when starting with a quite arbitrary Gaussian pulse as an initial condition.     

Simulation of a chirped femtosecond relativistic laser pulse interaction with underdense plasma by using a hydrodynamic approach

A chirped laser pulse indicates that the laser frequency changes over the duration of the pulse: a positively (negatively) chirped pulse implies that the laser frequency increases (decreases) with time. In this paper, we use a simplified, fully relativistic hydrodynamic approach to simulate the influence of chirp on the propagation of a femtosecond relativistic laser pulse in underdense plasma. Based on this simplified cold‐fluid model, the influence of chirp on the main dynamics of the laser pulse, such as self‐steepening, red‐shift in the leading edge, variation of the frequency chirp, and the generated wakefields can be studied self‐consistently. The simulation results show that a pulse with a positive chirp results in a larger increment in the intensity parameter a₀ when propagating a certain distance into an underdense plasma compared with an un‐chirped and a negatively chirped pulse, which is largely because of a much greater forward shift of the peak amplitude and more severe pulse self‐steepening effect due to the frequency red‐shift at the leading edge when exciting a plasma wave. The ponderomotive force, which relates to the first‐order differential of the laser pulse intensity envelope, is expected to be stronger for a positively chirped pulse because of its steeper leading edge and larger intensity parameter a₀. As a result, the wakefield driven by the positively chirped laser pulse is more intense than that driven by an un‐chirped and a negatively chirped laser pulse, which is confirmed by our self‐consistent hydrodynamic simulation.     

啁啾飞秒激光脉冲形成的光纤光栅的Bragg反射特性

在800nm飞秒脉冲激光照射下光敏玻璃As₂S₃光纤具有双光子吸收 现象，当一束超短激光脉冲与另一束啁啾超短激光脉冲在As₂S₃光纤相遇时，干涉图案将 永久地记录一个空间啁啾光栅.研究了该光栅结构与入射超短脉冲激光脉冲参数的关系，数值计算表明该光栅具有较大的Bragg反射带宽. 关键词： 啁啾光纤光栅 飞秒激光脉冲 双光子吸收效应     

短脉冲强激光在稀薄等离子体中传播时的电磁类孤立子

 采用二维粒子模拟方法，研究了短脉冲强激光在稀薄等离子体中传播时电磁类孤立子的产生和时空演化过程。通过分析电磁场与等离子体波的非线性能量交换和激光场的频率谱结构等，给出了电磁类孤立子形成的基本物理图像，讨论了等离子体参数对电磁类孤立子形成的影响。模拟结果表明：类孤立子的形成是由于局部电磁波振荡频率减小至等离子体频率引起的，初始等离子体密度越高越容易形成空间局域结构。     

Self-similar evolution of parabolic pulses in a laser

Self-similar propagation of ultrashort, parabolic pulses in a laser resonator is observed theoretically and experimentally. This constitutes a new type of pulse shaping in mode-locked lasers: in contrast to the well-known static (solitonlike) and breathing (dispersion-managed soliton) pulse evolutions, asymptotic solutions to the nonlinear wave equation that governs pulse propagation in most of the laser cavity are observed. Stable self-similar pulses exist with energies much greater than can be tolerated in solitonlike pulse shaping, and this has implications for practical lasers.     

Recent progress in soliton transmission technology

Recent progress on time-division multiplexed (TDM) and wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) soliton transmission is described, in which dispersion management plays an important role in increasing the power margin and the dispersion tolerance. The characteristics of the dispersion-managed soliton are compared with those of return to zero and nonreturn to zero pulses. With a small dispersion swing, the system can still be described as an average soliton using the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, while with a large dispersion swing, the solitonlike steady-state pulse becomes a chirped Gaussian pulse, in which the governing equation is closer to a linear Schrodinger equation with a parabolic potential well. We describe an in-line modulation scheme for up to 80 Gbit/s per channel and its two channel WDM transmission over 10 000 km. Finally, we describe 640 Gbit/s (40 Gbit/sx16 channels) WDM soliton transmission over 1000 km with a dispersion-managed single-mode fiber. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics.     

Isolated ultrashort attosecond pulse generation from a coherent superposition state in a few-cycle chirped laser pulse

We theoretically demonstrate an efficient method for producing an isolated ultrashort attosecond pulse by high-order harmonic generation in an intense few-cycle chirped laser pulse. Our simulation calculations show that the harmonic spectrum reveals an ultrabroad extreme ultraviolet supercontinuum when the initial state is prepared in a coherent superposition of the ground and first excited states. It is also shown that the method can enhance the short quantum path and eliminate the long one, and then an isolated 23-attosecond pulse is produced. By properly adjusting the chirp parameter, a clean single attosecond pulse as short as 11 attoseconds is directly obtained.     

能量啁啾电子束自由电子激光放大啁啾脉冲

 提出采用具有能量啁啾电子束的自由电子激光放大器放大啁啾脉冲,分析说明了它的工作机理和滑移现象对其的影响。采用研制的1维非定态程序GOFEL-P,对能量啁啾自由电子激光放大器放大啁啾脉冲的过程进行了数值模拟和分析,计算了不同啁啾参数的脉冲被放大后的腔外压缩情况。结果表明：与单能电子束时相比,能量啁啾自由电子激光可以放大具有更大啁啾参数的啁啾脉冲,使压缩后的脉冲峰值功率增大至568 GW,脉冲宽度缩短至2.29 fs,大幅增强自由电子激光放大啁啾脉冲以及腔外压缩脉冲的效果。     

小宽带堆积啁啾脉冲传输放大特性

 采用啁啾脉冲堆积的方法可获得ns量级宽带整形激光脉冲,对堆积啁啾脉冲时间波形的影响因素及传输放大后脉冲波形与光谱形状的特性进行了研究。结果表明：在传输过程中脉冲的演化规律与窄带脉冲的演化规律基本一致,而且传输放大过程也不会改变脉冲的调制结构,但光谱形状在传输放大过程中发生了变化,初步认为是由非线性效应造成的;小宽带堆积啁啾脉冲具有与窄带脉冲基本一致的的增益水平。