Cellular Cell Bifurcation of Cylindrical Detonations

Cellular cell pattern evolution of cylindrically-diverging detonations is numerically simulated successfully by solving two-dimensional Euler equations implemented with an improved two-step chemical kinetic model. From thesimulation, three cell bifurcation modes are observed during the evolution and referred to as concave front focusing, kinked and wrinkled wave front instability, and self-merging of cellular cells. Numerical research demonstrates that the wave front expansion resulted from detonation front diverging plays a major role in the cellular cell bifurcation, which can disturb the nonlinearlyself-sustained mechanism of detonations and finally lead to cell bifurcations.     

Half-Cell Law of Regular Cellular Detonations

Numerical simulations illustrate the half-cell law of regular cellular detonations propagating in confined space, i.e., the number of cells always maintains an integral multiple of half cell. The cells adapt themselves larger or smaller to the size of the unconfined space by maintaining the cell scale larger or smaller than the original cells of detonation.     

Simulations of the Instability Experiments in Stratified Cylindrical Shells

A high-resolution multi-fluid parabolic piecewise method （MFPPM） is presented to simulate the Richtmyer-Meshkov （RM） instability in stratified cylindrical shells. However, the algorithm captures do not track the interfaces between distinct large deformation materials. To reach verification and validation of our MFPPM code, we select two experimental models for simulations, one is from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the other is from our LAboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics. The former result is in excellent agreement with the experiment and the Couple Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler （CALE） code, the latter is in general consistent with our experiment. It is found that the MFPPM code is reasonably successful in simulating many aspects of the gelatin-ring RM experiments.     

Capillary Instability of a Cylindrical Ferrofluid Jet in a Uniform Longitudinal Magnetic Field

Technical Physics - The formulated problem makes it possible to study the influence of magnetic forces on capillary instability of a ferrofluid jet with given physical characteristics in both weak...     

表面张力对Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性谐波的影响

Using the method of the parameter expansion up to the third order, explicitly investigates surface tension effect on harmonics at weakly nonlinear stage in Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) for arbitrary Atwood numbers and compares the results with those of classical RTI within the framework of the third-order weakly nonlinear theory. It is found that surface tension strongly reduces the linear growth rate of time, resulting in mild growth of the amplitude of the fundamental mode, and changes amplitudes of the second and third harmonics, as is expressed as a tension factor coupling in amplitudes of the harmonics. On the one hand, surface tension can either decrease or increase the space amplitude; on the other hand, surface tension can also change their phases for some conditions which are explicitly determined.     

五次非线性对调制不稳定性的影响

从扩展非线性薛定谔方程出发,重点考虑了五次非线性对调制不稳定性的影响.与过去的研究结论对比发现,五次非线性影响着调制不稳定性发生的条件、频谱的范围及增益的大小.     

惯性对多孔金属材料动态力学行为的影响

 对泡沫金属材料的力学性能已经进行了十分广泛的研究,但在对泡沫金属的应变率效应和惯性效应的研究中,尚存在一些矛盾的结论。为进一步认清惯性在多孔金属动态响应中的作用,用有限元计算方法模拟了二维Voronoi蜂窝的动态压缩行为,得到了不同速度下Voronoi蜂窝的3种变形模式。通过改变基体材料的密度和冲击速度进行“数值实验”,得到了相应“试件”的由冲击面和支撑面得到的宏观平均应力应变曲线和平台应力。根据数值模拟的结果,着重分析了惯性效应的影响。研究发现,惯性并不影响蜂窝的应力应变曲线,但它导致试件中宏观变形不均匀,是平台应力提高的主要原因。     

On a Destabilizing Effect of Plasma Inhomogeneity on the Two-Plasmon Decay Instability

It has been shown that plasma inhomogeneity reduces the threshold of the parametric instability of two-plasmon decay and, in particular, allows the excitation of plasmons with the same frequency by a spatially uniform pump field.     

Effect of Physical Parameters on Shape Instability of Sonoluminescing Bubbles

Considering the vapour effects, we calculate the shape instability of single-bubble sonoluminescence （SBSL） in the phase diagram of the amplitude of driving pressure versus ambient radius, i.e. the pa - R0 diagram. The numerical calculation shows that the results calculated by the present model are reliable, even some parameters, such as the binary diffusion constant and the thermal conductivity of the mixture of argon and water vapour inside the bubble, are roughly evaluated. It is found by numerical calculation that the shape stable area of a single argon bubble in those viscous liquids with low vapour pressure, such as oil of vitriol, glycerol and 1,2- propanediol, can be extended to a wider region. Combining with the calculation of the maximum temperature inside the bubble, we may predict that these areas are probably the stable region of SBSL.     

电子-声子相互作用对柱形量子线中光学克尔效应的影响

本文利用密度矩阵方法研究了柱形量子线中的光学克尔效应, 重点讨论了电子-声子相互作用对其的影响,并以GaAs量子线为例进行了数值计算。结果显示,随着量子线半径R0的减小,光学克尔效应会逐渐增强;考虑了电子-声子相互作用时的光学克尔效应比未考虑电子-声子相互作用时的大20%多;量子线半径R0越小,峰越尖锐,峰值越强;当量子线半径R0大〖WTBZ〗于40 nm时,峰会逐渐消失.     

柱矢量光束在透射时的自旋霍尔效应

有限光束矢量特性可以由全局化的特征单位矢量和广义琼斯矢量完整地描述,特征单位矢量平行于传播轴的光束为柱矢量光束。通过这种表示理论描述了在近轴近似条件下柱矢量光束的透射情况。在透射过程中光束的特征单位矢量发生了变化,透射光束的特征单位矢量既不平行于传播轴,也不垂直于传播轴。特征单位矢量的变化导致光束产生了一个与入射面垂直的横向位移,同时这个横向位移和光束的偏振椭圆率有关,不同圆偏振态(左旋和右旋)的透射光束所产生的横向位移的方向相反。这一结果和近年来在实验中检测到的均匀偏振光束的自旋霍尔效应类似,表明柱矢量光束在透射过程后也会产生光的自旋霍尔效应。     

Collisional Effect on Weibel Instability with Semi-Relativistic Maxwellian Distribution Function

In this paper, the Coulomb collisional effect of electron-ion on the growth rate of Weibel instability is investigated based on the semi-relativistic Maxwellian distribution function in dense and unmagnetized plasma. An analytical expression was derived for the dispersion relation of Weibel instability for two limit cases [ξ = ω＇/k‖T‖ 〉〉 1 and ｜ξ｜ 〈〈 1. In limit ｜ξ｜ 〉〉 1 the dispersion relation only includes a real part and in limit ｜ξ｜ 〈〈 1 the imaginary part of the frequency of waves＇ instability plays a role in the dispersion relation. In limit ｜ξ｜ 〈〈 1, the two quantities μ and η, that are due to the relativistic and collisional effects, will appear in the growth rate of Weibel instability. The growth rate of Weible istability will be increased through decreasing the Coulomb collisional frequency and also increasing the temperature anisotropic parameter in strong relativistic limit.     

The Cellular Interactions of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles: Effect of PEGylation on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is frequently used to coat various medical nanoparticles (NPs). As PEG is known to minimize NP interactions with biological specimens, the question remains whether PEGylated NPs are intrinsically less toxic or whether this is caused by reduced NP uptake. In the present work, the effect of gold NP PEGylation on uptake by three cell types is compared and evaluated the effect on cell viability, oxidative stress, cell morphology, and functionality using a multiparametric methodology. The data reveal that PEGylation affects cellular NP uptake in a cell‐type‐dependent manner and influences toxicity by different mechanisms. At similar intracellular NP numbers, PEGylated NPs are found to yield higher levels of cell death, mostly by induction of oxidative stress. These findings reveal that PEGylation significantly reduces NP uptake, but that at similar functional (= cell‐associated) NP levels, non‐PEGylated NPs are better tolerated by the cells.     

Phase Effect on Mode Coupling in Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability forTwo-Dimensional Incompressible Fluid

This paper studies the phase effect in mode coupling of Kelvin-Helmholtzinstability in two-dimensional incompressible fluid. It is found that thereis an important growth phenomenon of every mode in the mode couplingprocess. The growth changes periodically with phase difference and in thecondition of our simulation the period is about 0.7π. The periodcharacteristic is apparent in all stage of the mode coupling process,especially in the relatively later stage.     

Effect of Hall Current on the Magnetogravitational Instability of Anisotropic Plasma with Generalized Polytrope Law

The effect of Hall current on the propagation of small perturbations through self gravitating anisotropic collisionless pressure plasma with generalized polytrope law is investigated. The poly-trope law for pressure components parallel and perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field is utilized in the analysis. The effect of Hall current and finite conductivity is introduced in the generalized Ohm's law. Using the polytrope law and Ohm's law dispersion relations are obtained from linearized perturbation equations for wave propagation along and perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field. The dispersion relations incorporating polytrope indices are able to represent the Chew, Goldberger and Low approximation with double adiabatic equation of state for the anisotropic pressure and the magnetohydrodynamic set of equations with isothermal equation of state for the isotropic pressure. The effect of Hall current, finite conductivity and polytrope indices is discussed on the well known hose and gravitational instability. It is found that Jeans' criterion depends on polytrope indices and the condition of gravitational instability is determined for different special cases of interest.     

Effect of Low Diffusion Coefficient on Eutectic Instability of Al-25wt%Sm Alloy

Diffusion coefficient decides the solute diffusion length and is a critical parameter in the selection of microstructare scales and in governing microstructure transitions. Al-25 wt%Sm alloy is selected to reveal the impact of low diffusion coefficient on the eutectic instability, and the results are compared with those of Al-Cu alloys. Laser remelting experiments are performed and the transition growth velocity from euteetic to α-Al dendrite is examined. Compared with Al-Cu alloys, the eutectic instability takes place at a velocity more than one order of magnitude smaller. The theoretical calculation by the Trivedi-Magnin-Kurz （TMK） model also predicts that the eutectic will become instable at smaller growth velocity for Al-Sm alloy than Al-Cu alloy, which is ascribed to the low diffusion coefficient.     

On a Strong Effect of Nonresonant Three-Wave Interactions on the Saturation of Low-Threshold Parametric Decay Instability

JETP Letters - It has been shown that the nonresonant three-wave interaction between daughter waves trapped in the plasma, which excites strongly damped induced oscillations, strongly affects the...     

The Effect of Rotating Cylindrical Langmuir Probes in Magnetron Plasmas

Using a cylindrical Langmuir probe, the plasma properties (ion density, electron temperature, floating and plasma potentials) in a magnetron sputter source have been investigated, along one particular line‐of‐sight, but for different probe‐orientations with respect to the B‐field. The plasma in the region hosen for observation is haracterised by electrons, which are magnetised (Larmor radius r_le < both the electron mean‐free‐path λ_e, and plasma extension L) and ions, which are not (their Larmor radius r_I > L, λ_I). Through the development of a simple expression for the electron saturation current at different probe angles relative to the local B‐field, it is possible to correct for the diminished electron currents due to their restricted transport across the field. The results indicate that the measured ion density, electron temperature, floating and plasma potentials are unaffected by the probe orientation, however the electron saturation current is attenuated when the probe is aligned along the B‐field. A simple model for the collection of electrons indicates that classical electron diffusion may not operate in the magnetron, with cross‐field electron transport dominated by anomalous, possibly Bohm, diffusion.     

Domain-wall Mobility and Hall Effect in Cylindrical Ferromagnetic Sample

The influence of Hall effect on the mobility of a single circular domain wall (CDW) in a ferromagnetic cylindrical sample was studied. Proposed procedures make it possible to calculate CDW mobility for the case when |β|<1. Results obtained confirmed only negligible difference between our results and those obtained from Berger’s theory for |β|<<1.