Synthesis of the principal chain of the o-antigenic polysaccharides ofShigella flexneri. Communication 2. Synthesis of 4-o-benzoyl-1,2-o-(1-(cyanoethylidene)-β-L-rhamnopyranose

Conclusions 1,2-O-Cyanoethylidene derivatives of rhamnopyranose with a free hydroxyl group in the 3 position and with readily removable protect at O³ have been synthesized. These are synthons for oligosaccharide synthesis.For Communication 1, cf. [1].Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1129–1134, May, 1985.     

Synthesis of the principal chain of the o-antigenic polysaccharides ofShigella flexneri. Communication 4. Synthesis of 1,3-di-o-acetyl-4,6-di-o-benzoyl-2-desoxy-2-phthalimido-D-glucopyranose and 1-o-acetyl-2-o-(3-o-acetyl-4,6-di-o-benzoyl-2-desoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,4-di-o-benzoyl-L-rhamnopyranose

Conclusions Methyl-3-O-acetyl-4,6-di-O-benzoyl-2-desoxy-2-phthalimido--D-glucopyranoside and 1,3-di-O-acetyl-4,6-di-O-benzoyl-2-desoxy-2-phthalimido-D-glucopyranose have been obtained. These are conventional derivatives for the introduction of the 3-substituted 2-desoxy-2-amino--D-glucopyranose residue in oligosaccharide synthesis.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1140–1145, May, 1985.For Communication 3, see [1].     

Synthesis of polysaccharides. Communication 16. Synthesis of L-arabinopyranans

Summary The synthesis has been effected of 3-0-acetyl-4-0-trityl- and 4-0-acetyl-3-0-trityl-1,2-0-[(l-exo-cyano)ethylidene]-p-L-arabinopyranose by the polycondensation of which (1 4)-L-arabinopyranan and (1 3)-L-arabinopyranan were obtained containing 1,2-trans- and 1,2-cis-glycosidic bonds at a ratio 31.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 196–199, January, 1986.     

Synthesis of polysaccharides. Communication 15. Synthesis of β-(1 → 6)-D-galactan

Conclusions 1,2-0-(1-exo-Cyano)ethylidene-3,4-di-0-acety1-6-0-trityl- and 1,2-0-(1-exo-cyano)ethylidene-3,4-di-0-benzoyl-6-0-trityl--D-galactopyranoses were synthesized. Their polycondensation led to D-galactans, which do not contain -glycoside bonds.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya., No. 10, pp. 2358–2363, October, 1984.     

Synthesis of a dipyrromethane functionalized monomer and optoelectrochromic properties of its polymer

A dipyrromethane functionalized monomer; 5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)dipyrromethane (BPDP) was synthesized. The structure of the monomer was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies. Electrochemical polymerization of BPDP was performed in acetonitrile (AN)/LiClO₄. The resulting conducting polymer was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. Spectroelectrochemical behavior and switching ability of P(BPDP) film were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy. P(BPDP) revealed color changes between yellow and blue in the reduced and oxidized states, respectively. In order to investigate electrochromic properties and stability of the P(BPDP) in electrochromic device (ECDs) application, dual type polymer ECD based on P(BPDP) and poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) were constructed. Spectroelectrochemistry, switching ability and stability of the devices were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.     

Highly unsaturated polymers Communication 9. Synthesis and polycondensation of diacetylenic derivatives of phenanthrene

Summary Diacetylenic compounds of the phenanthrene series were synthesized, and their oxidative polycondensation and copolycondensation with p-diethynylbenzene were carried out.ESR spectra were determined in V. V. Voevodskii's laboratory by V. K. Ermolaev, N. M. Bazhin, and L. A. Shapovalova, whom the authors thank.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Setiya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1090–1095, June, 1964     

一种蓝光单体的合成及其荧光性能研究

吡唑啉衍生物在生物医药[1,2]应用的领域非常广泛.吡唑啉还是一种优质的发光材料[3],其发射波长位于450nm左右,具有很高的荧光量子效率,且发光波长窄,色纯度好,是一种纯正的蓝光.当吡唑啉环3位引入给电子基时,化合物则具有很高的荧光量子产率,可制得具有高热稳定性的空穴传输蓝光发光材料[4-6]和荧光探针[7].它还可以将吸收的不可见的紫外光转变为蓝色的可见光反射出来,从而增加了光线的反射率,使被其处理过的物体白度和光泽提高,所以吡唑啉又被做为荧光增白剂和荧光染料[8,9]进行广泛地应用.     

Transetherification polycondensation: The roles of the catalyst,monomer structure,and polymerization conditions

A detailed study of the novel melt transetherification polycondensation process, which was recently developed in our laboratory, is presented. The efficacy of different catalysts, such as p‐toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA), camphorsulfonic acid, and their pyridinium salts, was examined. The pyridinium salts, especially pyridinium camphorsulfonate (PCS), outperformed PTSA both in terms of the polymer molecular weights (the polydispersity) and the extent of discoloration of the polymer. The evolution of the molecular weight with the polymerization time was monitored with two different catalysts, PTSA and PCS, and these studies demonstrated that, while PTSA yielded polymers with a broad molecular weight distribution, the use of PCS curtailed possible side reactions that led to this broadening. Model reactions suggested that one possible reason for this broadening could be the formation of macrocyclics facilitated by an ether–ether exchange reaction, which was shown to occur much more rapidly when PTSA was used. A further interesting and rather unprecedented feature, which became apparent while the effect of the acid–catalyst concentration was being examined, was the dual role played by the acid, which acted both beneficially as a catalyst and detrimentally, defunctionalizing the chain end and terminating polymer growth. This conclusion was based on the observed decrease in the molecular weight of the polymer at very high catalyst concentrations, which suggested that there existed an optimum catalyst concentration at which a balance was struck between the molecular weight of the polymer formed and the polymerization time. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 102–111, 2004     

Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone)s prepared by self‐polycondensation of novel AB2 monomer

Hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone)s were prepared by the self‐polycondensation of the novel AB₂ monomer, 4‐(3,5‐hydroxyphenoxy)‐4′‐fluorodiphenylsulfone. The high‐molecular‐weight polymers were isolated in good yields. The degree of branching (DB) of the resulting polymers was investigated by the preparation of dendritic and linear model compounds. The DB determined by gated decoupling ¹³C NMR measurements was in the range 0.17–0.41 and was dependent on the base used for the self‐polycondensation. It was found that cesium fluoride was an effective base to form the polymer having the DB of 0.41. The resulting hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone)s showed good solubility in organic solvents. The solubility and the glass transition temperature of the polymers were influenced by the terminal functional groups. The unique thermal crosslinking phenomenon was observed during the DSC measurements of the hydroxyl‐terminated hyperbranched poly(ether sulfone) under air condition. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

Synthesis of difluoroethyl perfluorosulfonate monomer and its application

The novel difluoroethyl perfluorosulfonate monomer 20 and its application have been developed. The difluoroethyl perfluorosulfonate monomer 20, which was prepared by the reaction of the vinyl sulfonic acid 19 with vinylidene fluoride, was copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) to give the difluoroethyl perfluorosulfonate copolymer 21. The copolymer 21 was easily converted to the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer 2 in one step by heating and/or alcoholysis. This property of 21 enables the efficient preparation of the polymer solution of 2.     

Synthesis, polymerization and conducting properties of an ionic liquid-type anionic monomer

The synthesis of a new ionic liquid-type monomer has been performed by association of a methacrylate polymerizable group, a polar tri(ethylene oxide) (TEO) spacer, a trifluoromethane sulfonic (TFSI⁻) anion and a free imidazolium (EMIm⁺) cation. The ionic liquid monomer (ILM) has demonstrated a good thermal stability and a high ionic conductivity around 2.1 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 20 °C. The corresponding homopolymer has shown an ionic conductivity closely related to the monomer (6.5 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at 20 °C), which confirms the ILM as a valuable monomer for the formation of polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) materials.     

Synthesis and properties of vinyl monomer/enzyme conjugates

Monomer conjugation of an enzyme followed by copolymerization with free monomer is a useful method of enzyme immobilization. L-asparaginase was conjugated with N-succinimidyl acrylate. Analysis of the conjugated enzyme via isoelectric focusing showed that a molar ratio of 9.5 free monomers per enzyme was needed during the conjunction for each vinyl group bound. Only 3% of the enzyme activity was lost per vinyl group added, and conjugation of an average of four monomers per enzyme thermally destabilized the enzyme only at temperatures above 50‡C. Activity of the enzyme at physiological temperatures was relatively unaffected.