近地球赤道面椭圆轨道上磁性刚体航天器的混沌姿态运动及其控制

研究在地球万有引力场和磁场中具有结构内阻尼的磁性刚体航天器在近赤道椭圆轨道上平面天平动的混沌行为及其控制。应用Melnikov方法建立了系统存在横截异宿点的条件。分别采用功率谱和Lyapunov指数等数值方法对系统动力学行为进行识别。应用逆系统控制和局部逆系统控制将混沌姿态运动控制为给定的平衡点。     

具有刚-柔-液-控耦合的航天器动力学研究进展

从现代复杂航天器姿态非线性动力学、液体燃料晃动动力学与控制问题、航天器刚-柔耦合系统动力学建模问题、航天器刚-液耦合动力学、航天器刚-柔-液-控耦合动力学、充液航天器实验问题等方面概述了近年来国内外在充液航天器多体耦合动力学相关领域的最新研究进展. 分别从液体燃料晃动动力学建模问题、航天器刚-柔-液-控耦合系统非线性理论和方法、计算机数值仿真及物理实验问题等方面展望了有待进一步加强的研究课题.     

挠性航天器动力学模型的非约束模态分析

挠性航天器动力学建模中的挠性耦合影响系数是动力学建模中的重要力学概念,它反映了航天器姿态和轨道运动与挠性附件的弹性振动效应. 挠性耦合影响系数间的恒等式关系,即惯性完备性准则,是挠性航天器动力学模型降阶和模态截断的重要依据. 以中心刚体带挠性附件航天器为研究对象,采用约束模态和非约束模态法描述挠性附件结构变形,利用欧拉-拉格朗日方程建立挠性航天器的动力学模型. 基于 Hughes 的研究成果,对挠性航天器的非约束模态恒等式及其用于动力学模型降阶的惯性完备性准则进行了证明和应用研究. 探讨了两种动力学模型惯量间的关系,并利用约束模态惯性完备性准则,推导了非约束模态惯性完备性准则. 最后,对中心刚体带双侧太阳帆板和带单侧太阳帆板构成的挠性航天器模型进行数值仿真计算,求出挠性附件非约束模态平动耦合系数,分析了非约束模态特征值和平动耦合系数随着刚柔质量比的变化情况,并尝试用非约束模态惯性完备性准则的质量特征恒等式对挠性航天器模型进行了检验.      

一类带柔性附件充液航天器姿态机动控制

基于Lyapunov稳定性理论研究了用动量轮控制一类带轻质悬臂梁附件的充液航天器的姿态机动控制问题, 其中晃动液体用黏性力矩球摆模型代替, 悬臂梁附件用若干集中质量代替. 用动量矩定理和Lagrange方程分别推导得到航天器主刚体、等效球摆、等效集中质量的动力学方程, 所用反馈控制律包含了与动量轮角加速度密切相关的权重因子, 利用系统初、终状态和到达最终姿态所需时间解析确定此权重因子. 同时利用Lyapunov稳定性理论得到了实现最终姿态机动的稳定性判据. 数值仿真表明所用控制律的有效性, 分析附件的相对主刚体平面的转角、相对系统质心的高度、长度、刚度、质量、阻尼系数和到达最终姿态所需时间等因素对控制过程中航天器剩余章动角的影响大小.      

控制一类磁性刚体航天器的混沌姿态运动

本文研究一类磁性航天器的混沌姿态运动及其控制,建立了在近地球赤道面圆轨道上运动受万有引力矩、磁力矩作用磁性刚体航天器姿态运动的动力学方程。采用时间历程、Poincare截面、Lyapunov指数和功率谱对系统的动力学行为进行数值识别,结果表明随着磁场参数的增大系统动力学行为由准周期环面破裂而出现混沌。利用输入－输出反馈精确线性化的方法将航天器的混沌姿态控制运动控制为姿态静止和按给定的周期规律运动,数值结果表明该控制方法的有效性。     

非自旋航天器混沌姿态运动及其参数开闭环控制

研究万有引力场中受大气阻力且存在结构内阻尼的非自旋航天器在椭圆轨道上平面天平动的混沌及其参数开闭环控制问题．在建立数学模型的基础上确定出现混沌的必要条件并数值验证混沌的存在性，提出非线性振动系统混沌运动的参数开闭环控制并应用于控制航天器的混沌姿态运动．     

航天器姿态动力学中的稳定性、分岔和混沌

讨论航天器姿态动力学中的若干非线性问题．总结了多刚体、柔性体和充液体航天器姿态 稳定性的研究成果．综述了航天器姿态运动的分岔和混沌的研究进展．展望了该领域的发展趋势．     

UNCONSTRAINED MODAL ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC MODEL OF FLEXIBLE SPACECRAFT$^{\bf 1)}$

挠性航天器动力学建模中的挠性耦合影响系数是动力学建模中的重要力学概念,它反映了航天器姿态和轨道运动与挠性附件的弹性振动效应. 挠性耦合影响系数间的恒等式关系,即惯性完备性准则,是挠性航天器动力学模型降阶和模态截断的重要依据. 以中心刚体带挠性附件航天器为研究对象,采用约束模态和非约束模态法描述挠性附件结构变形,利用欧拉-拉格朗日方程建立挠性航天器的动力学模型. 基于 Hughes 的研究成果,对挠性航天器的非约束模态恒等式及其用于动力学模型降阶的惯性完备性准则进行了证明和应用研究. 探讨了两种动力学模型惯量间的关系,并利用约束模态惯性完备性准则,推导了非约束模态惯性完备性准则. 最后,对中心刚体带双侧太阳帆板和带单侧太阳帆板构成的挠性航天器模型进行数值仿真计算,求出挠性附件非约束模态平动耦合系数,分析了非约束模态特征值和平动耦合系数随着刚柔质量比的变化情况,并尝试用非约束模态惯性完备性准则的质量特征恒等式对挠性航天器模型进行了检验.     

完全笛卡尔坐标描述的多体系统动力学

用完全笛卡尔坐标描述多体系统的运动学和动力学在提高计算效率方面有突出优点．导出用完全笛卡尔坐标表示的刚体及多体系统的动量和动量矩的解析式，给出与之对应的广义惯量矩阵概念，建立无力矩状态下用完全笛卡尔坐标描述的多体系统动力学的一阶微分方程组，用于多体航天器的姿态运动分析     

带有姿态的绳系航天器混沌运动实验研究

利用地面物理仿真平台研究了绳系航天器的混沌动力学行为. 首先, 根据天地动力学相似原理, 通过对卫星仿真器施加喷气力和动量轮力矩来模拟空间动力学环境, 提出了两种等效方案, 给出了它们各自适用的实验工况. 数值结果表明, 在轨绳系航天器在一定的参数条件下系绳摆动为周期或概周期运动、航天器姿态发生混沌运动. 物理仿真验证了等效方案的有效性, 揭示了绳系航天器的混沌运动特征, 表明在阻尼力矩的作用下可以避免绳系航天器混沌运动的发生.      

Heteroclinic bifurcations in completely liquid-filled spacecraft with flexible appendage

In this paper, the chaotic dynamics in an attitude transition maneuver of a rigid body with a completely liquid-filled cavity in going from minor axis to major axis spin under the influence of viscous damping and a small flexible appendage constrained to undergo only torsional vibration is investigated. The focus in this paper is on the way in which the dynamics of the liquid and flexible appendage vibration are coupled. The equations of motion are derived and then transformed into a form suitable for the application of Melnikov's method. Melnikov's integral is used to predict the transversal intersections of the stable and unstable manifolds for the perturbed system. An analytical criterion for chaotic motion is derived in terms of the system parameters. This criterion is evaluated for its significance to the design of spacecraft. The dependence of the onset of chaos on quantities such as body shape and magnitude of damping values, fuel fraction and frequency of flexible appendage vibration are investigated.     

Analytical method for the attitude stability of partially liquid filled spacecraft with flexible appendage

In this paper, the attitude stability of liquid-filled spacecraft with flexible appendage is investigated. The motion of liquid sloshing is modeled as the spherical pen-dulum, and the flexible appendage is approached by a linear shearing beam. Nonlinear dynamic equations of the coupled system are derived from the Hamiltonian. The stability of the coupled system was analyzed by using the energy-Casimir method, and the nonlinear stability theorem of the coupled spacecraft system was also obtained. Through numerical computation, the correctness of the proposed theorem is verified and the boundary curves of the stable region are presented. The increase of the angular velocity and flexible attachment length will weaken the attitude stability, and the change of the filled ratio of liquid fuel tank has a different influence on the stability of the coupled spacecraft, depend-ing on the different conditions. The attitude stability analysis of the coupled spacecraft system in this context is useful for selecting appropriate parameters in the complex spacecraft design.     

Chaotic attitude and reorientation maneuver for completely liquid-filled spacecraft with flexible appendage

The present paper investigates the chaotic attitude dynamics and reorientation maneuver for completely viscous liquid-filled spacecraft with flexible appendage. All of the equations of motion are derived by using Lagrangian mechanics and then transformed into a form consisting of an unperturbed part plus perturbed terms so that the system＇s nonlinear characteristics can be exploited in phase space. Emphases are laid on the chaotic attitude dynamics produced from certain sets of physical parameter values of the spacecraft when energy dissipation acts to derive the body from minor to major axis spin. Numerical solutions of these equations show that the attitude dynamics of liquid-filled flexible spacecraft possesses characteristics common to random, non- periodic solutions and chaos, and it is demonstrated that the desired reorientation maneuver is guaranteed by using a pair of thruster impulses. The control strategy for reorientation maneuver is designed and the numerical simulation results are presented for both the uncontrolled and controlled spins transition.     

Dynamics of a spacecraft with large flexible appendage constrained by multi-strut passive damper

This paper is concerned with the dynamics of a spacecraft with multi-strut passive damper for large flexible appendage.The damper platform is connected to the spacecraft by a spheric hinge,multiple damping struts and a rigid strut.The damping struts provide damping forces while the rigid strut produces a motion constraint of the multibody system.The exact nonlinear dynamical equations in reducedorder form are firstly derived by using Kane’s equation in matrix form.Based on the assumptions of small velocity and small displacement,the nonlinear equations are reduced to a set of linear second-order differential equations in terms of independent generalized displacements with constant stiffness matrix and damping matrix related to the damping strut parameters.Numerical simulation results demonstrate the damping effectiveness of the damper for both the motion of the spacecraft and the vibration of the flexible appendage,and verify the accuracy of the linear equations against the exact nonlinear ones.     

Attitude tracking control of flexible spacecraft with large amplitude slosh

This paper is focused on attitude tracking control of a spacecraft that is equipped with flexible appendage and partially filled liquid propellant tank. The large amplitude liquid slosh is included by using a moving pulsating ball model that is further improved to estimate the settling location of liquid in microgravity or a zero-g environment. The flexible appendage is modelled as a three-dimensional Bernoulli–Euler beam, and the assumed modal method is employed.A hybrid controller that combines sliding mode control with an adaptive algorithm is designed for spacecraft to perform attitude tracking. The proposed controller has proved to be asymptotically stable. A nonlinear model for the overall coupled system including spacecraft attitude dynamics,liquid slosh, structural vibration and control action is established. Numerical simulation results are presented to show the dynamic behaviors of the coupled system and to verify the effectiveness of the control approach when the spacecraft undergoes the disturbance produced by large amplitude slosh and appendage vibration. Lastly, the designed adaptive algorithm is found to be effective to improve the precision of attitude tracking.     

Chaotic attitude motion of a magnetic rigid spacecraft in an elliptic orbit and its control

This paper deals with the chaotic attitude motion of a magnetic rigid spacecraft with internal damping in an elliptic orbit. The dynamical model of the spacecraft is established. The Melnikov analysis is carried out to prove the existence of a complicated nonwandering Cantor set. The dynamical behaviors are numerically investigated by means of time history, Poincaré map, Lyapunov exponents and power spectrum. Numerical simulations demonstrate the chaotic motion of the system. The input-output feedback linearization method and its modified version are applied, respectively, to control the chaotic attitude motions to the given fixed point or periodic motion. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chine (10082003)     

Chaotic attitude motion of a magnetic rigid spacecraft and its control

This paper deals with chaotic attitude motion of a magnetic rigid spacecraft with internal damping in a circular orbit near the equatorial plane of the earth. The dynamical model of the problem is established. The Melnikov analysis is carried out to prove the existence of a complicated non-wandering Cantor set. The dynamical behaviors are numerically investigated by means of time history. Poincare map, power spectrum and Lyapunov exponents. Numerical simulations indicate that the onset of chaos is characterized by the intermittency as the increase of the torque of the magnetic forces and decrease of the damping. The input-output feedback linearization method is applied to control chaotic attitude motions to the given fixed point and periodic motion.