Moment inequalities and the Riemann hypothesis

It is known that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the statement that all zeros of the Riemann ξ-function are real. On writingξ(x/2)=8 ∫ ₀ ^∞ Φ(t) cos(xt)dt, it is known that a necessary condition that the Riemann hypothesis be valid is that the moments \(\hat b_m (\lambda ): = \int_0^\infty {t^{2m} e^{\lambda t^2 } \Phi (t)dt}\) satisfy the Turán inequalities (*) $$(\hat b_m (\lambda ))^2 > \left( {\frac{{2m - 1}}{{2m + 1}}} \right)\hat b_{m - 1} (\lambda )\hat b_{m + 1} (\lambda )(m \geqslant 1,\lambda \geqslant 0).$$ We give here a constructive proof that log \(\Phi (\sqrt t )\) is strictly concave for 0 <t < ∞, and with this we deduce in Theorem 2.4 a general class of moment inequalities which, as a special case, establishes that the inequalities (*) are in fact valid for all real λ. As the case λ=0 of (*) corresponds to the Pólya conjecture of 1927, this gives a new proof of the Pólya conjecture.     

Spectral analysis and the Riemann hypothesis

The explicit formulas of Riemann and Guinand-Weil relate the set of prime numbers with the set of nontrivial zeros of the zeta function of Riemann. We recall Alain Connes’ spectral interpretation of the critical zeros of the Riemann zeta function as eigenvalues of the absorption spectrum of an unbounded operator in a suitable Hilbert space. We then give a spectral interpretation of the zeros of the Dedekind zeta function of an algebraic number field K of degree n in an automorphic setting.

If K is a complex quadratic field, the torical forms are the functions defined on the modular surface X, such that the sum of this function over the “Gauss set” of K is zero, and Eisenstein series provide such torical forms.

In the case of a general number field, one can associate to K a maximal torus T of the general linear group G. The torical forms are the functions defined on the modular variety X associated to G, such that the integral over the subvariety induced by T is zero. Alternately, the torical forms are the functions which are orthogonal to orbital series on X.

We show here that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to certain conditions bearing on spaces of torical forms, constructed from Eisenstein series, the torical wave packets. Furthermore, we define a Hilbert space and a self-adjoint operator on this space, whose spectrum equals the set of critical zeros of the Dedekind zeta function of K.     

Equivalents of the Riemann hypothesis

We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the Riemann hypothesis for the Riemann zeta-function, in terms of the functional distribution of quadratic Dirichlet L-functions. Received: 29 November 2004     

The GHS inequality and the Riemann hypothesis

LetV(t) be the even function on (–, ) which is related to the Riemann xi-function by (x/2)=4 _– exp(ixt–V(t))dt. In a proof of certain moment inequalities which are necessary for the validity of the Riemann Hypothesis, it was previously shown thatV'(t)/t is increasing on (0, ). We prove a stronger property which is related to the GHS inequality of statistical mechanics, namely thatV' is convex on [0, ). The possible relevance of the convexity ofV' to the Riemann Hypothesis is discussed.Communicated by Richard Varga.     

Diophantine equations and the generalized Riemann hypothesis

We show that, for a listable set P of polynomials with integer coefficients, the statement “for all roots θ of all polynomials in P, the generalized Riemann hypothesis for Q(θ) holds” is Diophantine. That is, the statement is equivalent to the unsolvability of a particular Diophantine equation. This is achieved by finding a decidable property P such that the aforementioned statement may be written in the form “P holds for all natural numbers”.     

On primitive Dirichlet characters and the Riemann hypothesis

For every positive integer n, let be the set of primitive Dirichlet characters modulo n. We show that if the Riemann hypothesis is true, then the inequality holds for all k?1, where nk is the product of the first k primes, γ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant, C₂ is the twin prime constant, and φ(n) is the Euler function. On the other hand, if the Riemann hypothesis is false, then there are infinitely many k for which the same inequality holds and infinitely many k for which it fails to hold.     

A criterion for the Generalized Riemann hypothesis

In this paper, we study the automorphic L-functions attached to the classical automorphic forms on GL（2）, i.e. holomorphic cusp form. And we also give a criterion for the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis （GRH） for the above L-functions.     

Constructing nonresidues in finite fields and the extended Riemann hypothesis

We present a new deterministic algorithm for the problem of constructing th power nonresidues in finite fields , where is prime and is a prime divisor of . We prove under the assumption of the Extended Riemann Hypothesis (ERH), that for fixed and , our algorithm runs in polynomial time. Unlike other deterministic algorithms for this problem, this polynomial-time bound holds even if is exponentially large. More generally, assuming the ERH, in time we can construct a set of elements that generates the multiplicative group . An extended abstract of this paper appeared in Proc. 23rd Ann. ACM Symp. on Theory of Computing, 1991.

     

The sum of divisors function and the Riemann hypothesis

The Ramanujan Journal - Let $$\sigma (n)=\sum _{d\mid n}d$$ be the sum of divisors function and $$\gamma =0.577\ldots $$ the Euler constant. In 1984, Robin proved that, under the Riemann...     

On an equality equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis

We prove that the Riemann hypothesis on zeros of the zeta function (s) is equivalent to the equality

On a statement equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis

We prove a statement equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis.     

The Riemann hypothesis, simple zeros and the asymptotic convergence degree of improper Riemann sums

We characterize the nonreal zeros of the Riemann zeta function and their multiplicities, using the ``asymptotic convergence degree' of ``improper Riemann sums' for elementary improper integrals. The Riemann Hypothesis and the conjecture that all the zeros are simple then have elementary formulations.