离子色谱-双阳极电化学氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定Ⅰ型牙髓失活材料中的砷形态

将自制的双阳极电化学氢化物发生器作为离子色谱与原子荧光光谱的联用接口,建立了离子色谱-双阳极电化学氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法在线分析砷形态系统.最佳实验条件为淋洗液6.0 mmol/L NH4H2PO4(pH 6.20),电解液0.40 mol/L H2SO4,电解液流量为阳极4.0 mL/min,阴极 1.5 mL/min,电解电流密度0.50 A/cm.2,载气流量300 mL/min,屏蔽气流量500 mL/min,氢气流量80 mL/min.在优化的实验条件下,As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA的线性范围为5～200 μg/L、As(Ⅴ)的线性范围为10～200 μg/L,As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(Ⅴ)检出限分别为3.04、4.27、3.97和9.30 μg/L(信噪比S/N=3).50 μg/L的As(Ⅲ)、DMA、MMA和As(Ⅴ)混合标准溶液平行进样7次,得到的色谱峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为415%、3.08%、519%和3.62%.将该方法用于牙髓失活材料中的砷形态分析.     

出口食用甲鱼中有害元素As、Hg的同时测定

建立了微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)同时测定出口食用甲鱼中As、Hg残留量的方法,并对HG-AFS工作参数及条件进行了优化和选择。As检出限为0.056μg/L,Hg检出限为0.0071μg/L;相对标准偏差As为0.4%(n=11,ρAs=20μg/L),Hg为0.7%(n=11,ρHg=10μg/L);回收率范围为92%~99%。本法已用于出口食用水生活甲鱼中As、Hg残留量的检测。     

纳米Fe3O4分离富集-悬浮进样-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定砷形态

研究了以纳米Fe3O4为固相吸附剂对痕量无机砷形态的吸附与分离富集,建立了无需洗脱分离的悬浮进样-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定砷形态的方法。选择的反应体系为0.64 g/L Fe3O4悬浮液-1.0%(m/V)NaBH4溶液-5.0%(V/V)HCl(pH 8),进样5.0 mL时,得到本方法的检出限为13.5 ng/L;As(Ⅲ)浓度在0.05～3.5μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系;测定0.5μg/L As(Ⅲ)的精密度RSD=3.4%。用国家标准物质GBW10010(大米)验证了本方法测定砷的准确性,测定结果(0.101±0.010μg/g)与标准值(0.102±0.008μg/g)吻合。采用本方法测定了近海海水和雪水样品中的无机砷形态,并进行了加标回收实验。对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的加标回收率在95%～110%之间,结果令人满意。     

对喷式氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法同时测定烟叶中痕量砷和锑

提出了一种提高氢化物生成效率的新方法——对喷式氢化物发生(HG)原子荧光光谱法(AFS),并同时测定烟叶中痕量砷和锑。样品和还原剂(KBH4)从相对的方向高速喷出在近雾化状态下发生反应生成氢化物。同常规HG-AFS相比,灵敏度提高了15倍。在最优的实验条件下,砷和锑的检出限分别为6.3ng/L和19.2ng/L;相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为3.2%和1.8%;线性范围为0.019~3.2μg/L(As)和0·058~9.6μg/L(Sb)。本方法成功地用于测定烟叶中痕量砷和锑,回收率为92%~106%。     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定中药中的砷

目的建立氢化物发生原子荧光法测定中药中砷含量的检测方法。方法选取3种常见的中药材(青蒿、郁金、广金钱草),采用硝酸-高氯酸湿法消化分解中药粗粉,在盐酸介质中用硫脲-抗坏血酸将As(Ⅴ)还原为As(Ⅲ),应用氢化物发生原子荧光法对这些中药材中的砷含量进行分析。结果在优化实验条件下,砷质量浓度在0.0~50.0μg/L的线性关系较好,相关系数为0.999 8;最低检出限为0.004 mg/kg;青蒿、郁金、广金钱草的砷质量分数分别为0.06、0.28、0.16 mg/kg;中药样品中砷回收率为95.7%~104.5%,RSD在2.32%~3.14%。结论这3种常见的中药材中砷含量均在安全的范围内,且应用本法测定中药中的砷,简便、快速、灵敏度高,便于推广运用。     

离子交换色谱-氢化物发生双道原子荧光法同时测定砷和硒形态

建立了离子交换色谱-氢化物发生双道原子荧光联用同时测定4种As形态和3种Se形态的方法,并优化了各种实验参数。采用PRP-X100阴离子交换分析柱可以在10min内同时分离、检测As和Se形态。在8%HCl和1.5%(m/V)KBH4的氢化物反应条件下,进样量100μL,各形态的检出限为:As(Ⅲ)0.2μg/L、DMA0.3μg/L、MMA0.2μg/L、As(Ⅴ)0.3μg/L、SeCys0.6μg/L、Se(Ⅳ)0.5μg/L、SeMet3μg/L。当各As形态浓度为100μg/L、各Se形态浓度为200μg/L,各形态的精密度RSD(n=7)均小于5%。当各As形态浓度范围为5～100μg/L、SeCys和Se(Ⅳ)浓度范围为10～200μg/L、SeMet浓度范围为50～200μg/L时,各形态均可得到良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.9992。用建立的方法测定了富硒营养品中的As和Se形态,加标回收率在91%～115%之间。     

离子色谱-双阳极电化学氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定当归中Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)

采用离子色谱-双阳极电化学氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法分析锑形态,实验采用pH 6.50 浓度均为50 mmol/L的(NH2)2HPO4和酒石酸混合溶液为离子色谱流动相,5 min内实现Sb(Ⅴ)、 Sb(Ⅲ)的基线分离,Sb(Ⅴ)、 Sb(Ⅲ)色谱峰面积的相对标准偏差是4.0%、 2.3%,100 μL进样时得到的检出限分别为5.39、 5.42 μg/L(S/N＝3),方法可用于实际样品中的锑化合物形态的分析测定.     

湿法消解-原子荧光光谱法测定化妆品中的铅

采用硝酸-高氯酸处理样品,以氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定了化妆品中的铅。在最佳条件下,铅的线性范围为0~200μg/L,方法检出限为0.0846μg/L,样品加标回收率为95.08%~102.6%,相对标准偏差为0.759%~1.528%(n=7)。     

电化学氢化物发生原子荧光法同时测定砷和锑

采用电化学氢化物发生与原子荧光联用技术，同时测定了样品中的As和Sb含量。对各种实验参数和干扰情况进行了详细研究。As在0～500μg/L，sb在0～300μg/L之间均有良好的线性关系；相对标准偏差(RSD)(10μg/L，n=11)分别是3．7％和1．8％；检出限分别为0．14μg/L和0．20μg/L。     

电化学氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定不同价态的无机砷

不同价态的无机砷在玻碳电极上具有较高的电化学氢化物发生效率,同时又存在较为明显的差异。通过选择不同的电流条件,采用电化学氢化物发生与原子吸收光谱联用技术有效地实现了无机砷的形态分析。对试验参数和干扰情况进行了研究。As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)检出限分别为0.2μg.L-1和0.4μg.L-1;对砷量为20μg.L-1的条件下作了方法的精密度试验,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)对As(Ⅲ)为1.9%和对As(Ⅴ)为3.1%。应用此方法分析了人发标准物质(GBW 09101),测得总砷量与证书值相符。     

Gels from a semifluorinated n-alkane in fluorinated solvents as a probe for intermolecular interactions

Diblock semifluorinated n-alkanes can form aggregates and gels in fluorinated solvents. We have investigated the thermal behavior of binary mixtures comprising F(CF₂)₈(CH₂)₁₆H and fluorinated solvents. The solvents were perfluorohexane, perfluoroheptane, perfluorooctane, perfluorooctyl bromide, perfluorodecalin, and perfluorotributylamine. The phase diagrams were used to calculate the activity coefficients of the two components and the main excess thermodynamic functions. The solubility and self-assembly behavior of F₈H₁₆ in the fluorinated solvents are related to the different solute–solvent dispersion interactions that depend on the polarizabilities and ionization potentials of the interacting species, and on the structural properties of the solvent.     

Studies on the Formation of Catalytically Active PGM Nanoparticles from Model Solutions as a Basis for the Recycling of Spent Catalysts

The paper presents basic studies on the precipitation of platinum, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium nanoparticles from model acidic solutions using sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, and sodium formate as reducing agents and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizing agent. The size of the obtained PGM particles after precipitation with NaBH₄ solution does not exceed 55 nm. NaBH₄ is an efficient reducer; the precipitation yields for Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh are 75, 90, 65 and 85%, respectively. By precipitation with ascorbic acid, it is possible to efficiently separate Pt, Rh, and Ru from Pd from the two-component mixtures. The obtained Pt, Pd, and Rh precipitates have the catalytic ability of the catalytic reaction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. The morphological characteristic of the PGM precipitates was analyzed by AFM, SEM-EDS, and TEM.     

PMDA-BPDA-HAB聚苯并噁唑的合成及耐热性

PMDA-BPDA-HAB聚苯并噁唑的合成及耐热性;均苯四甲酸二酐;联苯四羧酸二酐;二羟基联苯胺;聚酰亚胺;聚苯并噁唑;耐热性     

HCOO在Cu(110)、Ag(110)和Au(110)表面的吸附

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)以及广义梯度近似方法(GGA)计算了甲酸根(HCOO)在Cu(110)、Ag(110)和Au(110)表面的吸附. 计算结果表明, 短桥位是最稳定的吸附位置, 计算的几何参数与以前的实验和计算结果吻合. 吸附热顺序为Cu(110)(-116 kJ·mol-1)>Ag(110)(-57 kJ·mol-1)>Au(110)(-27 kJ·mol-1), 与实验上甲酸根的分解温度相一致. 电子态密度分析表明, 吸附热顺序可以用吸附分子与金属d-带之间的Pauli 排斥来关联, 即排斥作用越大, 吸附越弱. 另外还从计算的吸附热数据以及实验上HCOO的分解温度估算了反应CO2+1/2H2→HCOO的活化能, 其大小顺序为Au(110)>Ag(110)>Cu(110).     

Transition metal complexes of the tripodal ligand 4-(2′-pyridylmethyl)-4-azaheptane-1,7-diamine. Crystal structures of [CuLCl]ClO4 and [NiL(MeCN)2](ClO4)2

The tripodal ligand 4-(2′-pyridylmthyl)-4-azaheptane-1,7-diamine has been prepared by reaction of 2-aminemethyl pyridine with acrylonitrile, followed by the reduction of the nitrile groups. Copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II), cobalt(III) and chromium(III) complexes of the ligand have been prepared and characterized and the crystal structures of the complexes [CuLCl]ClO₄ and [NiL(MeCN)₂](ClO₄)₂ determined. The copper complex is five coordinate with approximate square pyramidal stereochemistry with the apical position occupied by a primary amine donor. The nickel complex is octahedral with the pyridine nitrogen donor lying trans to an acetonitrile ligand.     

Direct Quantitation of Phytocannabinoids by One-Dimensional 1H qNMR and Two-Dimensional 1H-1H COSY qNMR in Complex Natural Mixtures

The widespread use of phytocannabinoids or cannabis extracts as ingredients in numerous types of products, in combination with the legal restrictions on THC content, has created a need for the development of new, rapid, and universal analytical methods for their quantitation that ideally could be applied without separation and standards. Based on previously described qNMR studies, we developed an expanded ¹H qNMR method and a novel 2D-COSY qNMR method for the rapid quantitation of ten major phytocannabinoids in cannabis plant extracts and cannabis-based products. The ¹H qNMR method was successfully developed for the quantitation of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), cannabielsoin (CBE), and cannabidivarin (CBDV). Moreover, cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (Δ9-THCVA) can be distinguished from CBDA and Δ9-THCA respectively, while cannabigerovarin (CBGV) and Δ8-tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ8-THCV) present the same ¹H-spectra as CBG and Δ8-THC, respectively. The COSY qNMR method was applied for the quantitation of CBD, CBDA, CBN, CBG/CBGA, and THC/THCA. The two methods were applied for the analysis of hemp plants; cannabis extracts; edible cannabis medium-chain triglycerides (MCT); and hemp seed oils and cosmetic products with cannabinoids. The ¹H-NMR method does not require the use of reference compounds, and it requires only a short time for analysis. However, complex extracts in ¹H-NMR may have a lot of signals, and quantitation with this method is often hampered by peak overlap, with 2D NMR providing a solution to this obstacle. The most important advantage of the COSY NMR quantitation method was the determination of the legality of cannabis plants, extracts, and edible oils based on their THC/THCA content, particularly in the cases of some samples for which the determination of THC/THCA content by ¹H qNMR was not feasible.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METAL COMPLEXES WITH AMPICILLIN

Abstract

The reaction, in water, of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions with sodium ampicillinate at room temperature has allowed isolation of dimers with the following general formula [M(amp)Cl]₂ × nH₂O (n = 1.5?3.2). The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, conductivity measurements, magnetic susceptibilities and spectroscopic methods (IR, Raman, EPR and UV-Visible). A dinuclear structure based on octahedrally coordinated metal ions is proposed.     

Magnetism of metal-nitroxide compounds involving bis-chelating imidazole and benzimidazole substituted nitronyl nitroxide free radicals

Coordination compounds based on imidazole and benzimidazole substituted nitronyl nitroxide radicals with transition metal ions and trivalent lanthanide ions are described from the perspective of their magnetic properties.For the transition metal compounds the crystal structures show various metal-nitroxide dimensionalities including mononuclear (0D), one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) complexes. The mononuclear complexes were isolated with most metal ions of the first transition series. One copper(II) complex shows a copper(II)-radical ferromagnetic coupling (J = +75 cm⁻¹) while for the other mononuclear compounds, mainly with manganese(II), the metal-radical interactions are antiferromagnetic. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional complexes are manganese(II) compounds which show canting effects leading to weak ferromagnetism.For the trivalent lanthanide ions [La(III), Gd(III) and Eu(III)], three series of mononuclear complexes were obtained in which the metal center is bound to four, two or one nitroxide radicals depending on the counter ions and ancillary ligands. Unexpectedly, in most gadolinium(III) complexes, the Gd(III)-radical interactions were found to be antiferromagnetic in contradiction with other foundings and previous theoretical models. In support to the magnetic studies, the optical properties of the lantanide complexes have also been investigated and are briefly described.     

Simple,Selective, and Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Trace Amounts of Nickel（Ⅱ）, Copper （Ⅱ）, Cobalt （Ⅱ）, and Iron （Ⅲ） with a Novel Reagent 2-Pyridine Carboxaldehyde Isonicotinyl Hydrazone

A selective and sensitive reagent of 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde isonicotinyl hydrazone（2-PYAINH） was synthesized and studied for the spectrophotometric determination of nickel, copper, cobalt, and iron in detail. At a pH value of 7.0, 9,0, 9.0, and 8.0, respectively, which greatly increased the selectivity; nickel, copper, cobalt, and iron reacted with 2-PYAINH to form a 1：2 yellow-orange, 1：2 yellow-green, 1：2 yellow and 1：1 yellow complexes, with absorption peaks at 363, 352, 346, and 359 nm, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, Beer＇s law was obeyed over the ranges of 0.01-1.4, 0.01-1.5, 0.01-2.7, and 0.01-5.4 mg/L respectively. The apparent molar absorptivity and Sandell＇s sensitivities were 8.4×10^4, 5.2×10^4, 7.1×10^4, and 3.9×10^4 L·mol^-l·cm^-1, respectively, and 0.00069, 0.0012, 0.00078, and 0.0014 μg·cm2, respectively. The detection limits were found to be 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, and 0.01 mg/L, respectively. The detailed study of various interfering ions to make the method more sensitive was carried out and selective and several real samples were analyzed with satisfactory results.     

具有聚集诱导发光性质的近红外荧光染料

聚集诱导发光(AIE)现象的发现为解决传统有机荧光分子在高浓度和聚集形态下存在的荧光猝灭问题提供了最佳方案,并实现了在光电器件、化学传感、生物成像和靶向治疗等众多领域的广泛应用.随着对AIE 发光机理研究的不断深入,AIE 分子体系得到了极大的扩展.其中,一类具有给体-受体结构的AIE分子能够显著降低分子能隙,使发光分...