冷原子介质中基于相干诱导高反射带和高透射带的全光路由控制

以相干诱导光子带隙结构为工作基础,提出了一种可对两个弱光信号的传播路径同时进行动态调控的新型全光路由控制方案。利用描述光波在空间周期介质中相干散射的传输矩阵理论,结合描述单频激光与多能级原子共振相互作用的密度矩阵方程,计算了作为控制媒介的相干驱动超冷原子系综的稳态反射光谱和稳态透射光谱。结果表明,通过改变两个较强相干激光的空间模式、强度和频率等参数,可在探测跃迁共振频率附近建立反射率约为95%或者透射率约为95%的两个特殊频带。对这样的相干诱导高反射带和高透射带进行了实时动态调控,可根据需要引导两个不同频率的弱光信号进入指定的网络通道。该方案很好地满足了在量子信息处理领域对弱光信号进行全光路由控制时的低损耗和低形变要求。     

二维电磁感应光子带隙的动态生成与调控

研究了由两个垂直传播的强驻波激光场共同耦合的一个四能级Tripod型冷⁸⁷Rb原子介质的稳态光学响应特性. 结果发现, 当两驻波场满足双光失谐条件时, 可在这两驻波场的传播方向上同时获得反射率高达95%以上的电磁感应光子带隙结构; 通过适当调节强激光场, 还可实现一个方向为光子带隙而另一个方向为透明窗口或者两个方向均为透明窗口的结构. 并且光子带隙和透明窗口的频宽和位置是可调谐的. 这种全光控制的二维的信号光禁闭和导通机制可用于实现全光开关和全光路由, 有利于复杂的全光通讯网络的开发. 关键词： 相干诱导光子带隙 电磁感应透明 周期调制原子相干     

电磁感应双光子带隙的产生和控制

基于电磁感应透明技术, 通过求解原子的密度矩阵方程和电磁场的传输矩阵方程, 研究了被行波场和驻波场共同耦合的一个四能级冷原子介质的稳态光学特性, 发现在特定参数下能够产生一个几乎完美的双光子带隙结构, 在这两个光子带隙对应的频率区域内反射率都均匀地超过95%. 通过改变耦合场的强度和频率, 可以方便地调节这两个光子带隙的位置和宽度. 这一双光子带隙结构可用来实现全光路由和全光开关, 有望在全光信息网络中获得应用.     

五能级87Rb原子系统中相干诱导的可调谐三光子带隙

研究了一个由两个同向驻波场和一个微波场相干驱动的五能级87 Rb原子系统,并在探测场共振频率处实现了可调谐三光子带隙。利用激光场与多能级原子系综相互作用的密度矩阵方程,结合光脉冲在具有空间周期性介质中的相干传输矩阵理论,推导出了描述相干原子系统稳态条件下的反射谱和透射谱。由数值模拟发现,通过改变驱动场的失谐和拉比频率可以动力学地调控光子带隙的位置和宽度,而且这种相干诱导三光子带隙能够同时操控三个不同中心频率光脉冲的传播。     

一维冷原子晶格中相干诱导三光子带隙

基于电磁感应透明技术,将相干耦合的Tripod型原子俘获在一维光晶格中并使其呈高斯型分布,由于介质的折射率被一维光晶格周期性调制,从而实现动态调控的三光子带隙结构.通过求解光场与原子相互作用密度矩阵方程以及光波在周期性介质中散射的传输矩阵方程,计算出探测场在相干驱动介质中的稳态反射谱和透射谱.计算结果表明:光子带隙的位置、宽度以及反射率可以通过改变两个耦合场的失谐、强度和几何布拉格失谐来调谐.     

双频激光泵浦光纤放大器中的原子相干效应

用密度矩阵的方法从理论上分析了不同频率的两个激光场混合泵浦的光纤放大器中，由光场诱导的原子相干效应。并由此引入相干修正因子，通过修正的速率方程讨论了两光场与原子的相干作用对放大器增益的影响。     

受限原子蒸气/电介质周期层状结构中光子带隙的厚度调制

周期性受限原子蒸气/电介质层光子带隙（PBG）宽度及其诱导的反射平顶随蒸气层厚度 d的增大而变宽,并在 （ 为原子的共振波长)时达到最大值,之后随d的增大呈变窄趋势. 随着蒸气厚度的增大,带隙的中心频率产生红移,厚度越大,红移量越大. 研究还发现,共振波长处的反射及透射谱具有迪克窄化结构. 这种可调谐的PBGs结构可望用于全光反射镜及滤波器.     

受限原子蒸气/电介质周期层状结构中光子带隙的厚度调制

周期性受限原子蒸气/电介质层光子带隙(PBG)宽度及其诱导的反射平顶随蒸气层厚度d的增大而变宽,并在d/(λ0/2)=0.5(λ0为原子的共振波长)时达到最大值,之后随d的增大呈变窄趋势.随着蒸气厚度的增大,带隙的中心频率产生红移,厚度越大,红移量越大.研究还发现,共振波长处的反射及透射谱具有迪克窄化结构.这种可调谐的PBGs结构可望用于全光反射镜及滤波器.     

多窗口可调谐电磁诱导透明研究

当两束激光以Λ-构型作用于三能级原子系统并满足双光子共振条件时，探测激光场吸收谱呈现电磁诱导透明(EIT)特征.若再加一个微波控制场作用于该三能级系统的两个低能级跃迁之间，会导致探测吸收特性明显变化，EIT窗口将发生劈裂.通过求解相应的密度矩阵方程，揭示了外加微波场作用下EIT窗口的变化规律，并给出了相应的缀饰态解释.研究结果表明，在适当的条件下, 电磁诱导透明呈现三重结构，而EIT窗口的频率位置取决于微波控制场的拉比频率及频率失谐量.因此通过改变微波控制场的参数可以实现多EIT窗口的频率调谐. 关键词： 电磁诱导透明 量子相干 频率调谐 多窗口EIT     

基于自发辐射相干效应的可调光子带隙反射率的提高方法

光子带隙是指某一频率范围的波不能在周期变化的空间介质中传播,即这种结构本身存在“禁带”,并已成功地应用于滤波器、放大器和混频器等器件的设计中.此前,许多专家都致力于提高带隙的反射率,但其只能逐渐接近1.本文在囚禁于一维光晶格中的冷原子介质中实现两个可调光子带隙,并通过选择两基态为精细结构的三能级∧型原子系统,考虑自发辐射相干效应来探究这两个带隙的反射率.适当调节参数,探测场出现增益,从而获得较高反射率的带隙结构,甚至可以超过1.此外,两个带隙反射率还可以通过调节偶极矩之间的夹角以及非相干驱动场强度等参数来操控.     

相干诱导冷原子微腔中的动态光存储

将行波耦合激光、驻波光栅激光和静磁场作用于一个超冷原子系综,获得了由两个Bragg反射区和一个电磁感应透明区构成的动态可控光学微腔。对耦合激光、光栅激光和静磁场进行时间调制,将一个弱探测激光送入这一相干诱导光学微腔,使其形成周期振荡,然后再根据需要在一定时间延迟之后将其导出,将这一伴随着较弱能量损耗的探测脉冲受限传播过程视为一个有效的动态光存储机制。对提出的信息存储机制进行了数值模拟,讨论了它的优点和实用价值,提出了它的发展前景。     

Coherently induced grating in refractive index enhanced medium

We demonstrate a scheme for coherently induced grating based on a mixture of two three-level atomic species interacting with two standing-wave fields. As a result of interaction between the absorptive and amplified Raman resonances, the refractive index of the medium can be enhanced and modulated periodically. Then a sinusoidal grating, which can diffract the probe field into high-order directions, is coherently formed in the medium. The proposed scheme is theoretically investigated in a mixture of atomic isotopes of rubidium. The results show that the diffraction efficiency depends strongly on the two two-photon detunings of the two Raman transitions and the intensities of the two driving standing-wave fields.The proposed electromagnetically induced grating scheme may be applied to the all-optical switching and beam splitting in optical networking and communication.     

Dual-channel all-optical switching with tunable frequency in a five-level double-ladder atomic system

A scheme of five-level double-ladder-type atomic system is proposed with the aim of implementing dual-channel all-optical switching. Two transitions in the five-level atomic medium independently interact with the two orthogonally (circularly) polarized components from a weak linearly-polarized probe beam, while two other atomic transitions are coherently driven by a control beam and a switching signal beam. We demonstrate that the switching on/off of two orthogonally polarized beams at different frequencies can be achieved by adjusting the magnitude of the external magnetic field, which expands the frequency range of an optical signal switching operation and may improve its practicability.     

Spinor slow-light and dirac particles with variable mass

We consider the interaction of two weak probe fields of light with an atomic ensemble coherently driven by two pairs of standing wave laser fields in a tripod-type linkage scheme. The system is shown to exhibit a Dirac-like spectrum for light-matter quasiparticles with multiple dark states, termed spinor slow-light polaritons. They posses an "effective speed of light" given by the group velocity of slow light, and can be made massive by inducing a small two-photon detuning. Control of the two-photon detuning can be used to locally vary the mass including a sign flip. Particularly, this allows the implementation of the random-mass Dirac model for which localized zero-energy (midgap) states exist with unusual long-range correlations.     

Manipulating light pulses via dynamically controlled photonic band gap

When a resonance associated with electromagnetically induced transparency in an atomic ensemble is modulated by an off-resonant standing light wave, a band of frequencies can appear for which light propagation is forbidden. We show that dynamic control of such a band gap can be used to coherently convert a propagating light pulse into a stationary excitation with nonvanishing photonic component. This can be accomplished with high efficiency and negligible noise even at the level of few-photon quantum fields thereby facilitating possible applications in quantum nonlinear optics and quantum information.     

All-optical switching at ultralow light levels

We report an experimental demonstration of all-optical switching at ultralow light levels in coherently prepared Rb atoms. A signal light pulse is switched on and off by a control light pulse at different frequencies in a four-level atomic system based on multiphoton interferences. We observed a switching efficiency of 55% with the signal and control light pulses containing approximately 20 photons each, corresponding to a control energy density of approximately 10(-5) photons per atomic cross section lambda(2)/(2pi).     

Generation and storage of double slow light pulses in a solid

We experimentally study the generation and storage of double slow light pulses in a Pr³⁺:Y₂SiO₅ crystal. Under electromagnetically induced transparency, a single signal pulse is stored in the spin coherence of the crystal. By simultaneously switching on two control fields to recall the stored information, the spin coherence is converted into two slow light pulses with distinct frequencies. Furthermore, the storage and controlled retrieval of double slow light pulses are obtained by manipulating the control fields. This study of double slow light pulses may have practical applications in information processing and all-optical networks. vspace2mm