Algebraic-geometry codes, one-point codes, and evaluation codes

One-point codes are those algebraic-geometry codes for which the associated divisor is a non-negative multiple of a single point. Evaluation codes were defined in order to give an algebraic generalization of both one-point algebraic-geometry codes and Reed–Muller codes. Given an -algebra A, an order function on A and given a surjective -morphism of algebras , the ith evaluation code with respect to is defined as the code . In this work it is shown that under a certain hypothesis on the -algebra A, not only any evaluation code is a one-point code, but any sequence of evaluation codes is a sequence of one-point codes. This hypothesis on A is that its field of fractions is a function field over and that A is integrally closed. Moreover, we see that a sequence of algebraic-geometry codes G _i with associated divisors is the sequence of evaluation codes associated to some -algebra A, some order function and some surjective morphism with if and only if it is a sequence of one-point codes.      

Well-posedness of constrained minimization problems via saddle-points

In this paper, it is proved a very general well-posedness result for a class of constrained minimization problems of which the following is a particular case: Let X be a Hausdorff topological space and let be two non-constant functions such that, for each , the function has sequentially compact sub-level sets and admits a unique global minimum in X. Then, for each , the restriction of J to has a unique global minimum, say , toward which every minimizing sequence converges. Moreover, the functions and are continuous in .     

On a certain basis inc 0

A basis is constructed inc ₀ such that there exists no bounded linear projection ofc ₀ onto the subspace spanned by a certain subsequence of . This is part of the author’s Ph.D. thesis prepared at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem under the suppervision of Professor A. Dvoretzky and Dr. J. Lindenstrauss. The author wishes to thank Dr. Lindenstrauss for his helpful advice.     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for tight equi-difference conflict-avoiding codes of weight three

A conflict-avoiding code (CAC) C of length n and weight k is a collection of k-subsets of such that holds for any , , where . A CAC with maximum code size for given n and k is called optimal. Furthermore, an optimal CAC C is said to be tight equi-difference if holds and any codeword has the form . The concept of a CAC is motivated from applications in multiple-access communication systems. In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition to construct tight equi-difference CACs of weight k = 3 and characterize the code length n’s admitting the condition through a number theoretical approach.      

Asymptotic analysis of solutions to parabolic systems

We study asymptotics as of solutions to a linear, parabolic system of equations with time-dependent coefficients in , where is a bounded domain. On we prescribe the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. For large values of t, the coefficients in the elliptic part are close to time-independent coefficients in an integral sense which is described by a certain function . This includes in particular situations when the coefficients may take different values on different parts of and the boundaries between them can move with t but stabilize as . The main result is an asymptotic representation of solutions for large t. A consequence is that for , the solution behaves asymptotically as the solution to a parabolic system with time-independent coefficients.     

Solutions to nonlinear Neumann problems with an inverse square potential

Let Ω be an open bounded domain in with smooth boundary . We are concerned with the critical Neumann problem

Multi-bump Bound States of Schrödinger Equations with a Critical Frequency

We consider existence and qualitative properties of standing wave solutions $\Psi(x,t) = e^{-iEt/h}u(x)We consider existence and qualitative properties of standing wave solutions to the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation with E being a critical frequency in the sense that inf . We verify that if the zero set of W − E has several isolated points x _i () near which W − E is almost exponentially flat with approximately the same behavior, then for h > 0 small enough, there exists, for any integer k, , a standing wave solution which concentrates simultaneously on , where is any given subset of . This generalizes the result of Byeon and Wang in 3 (Arch Rat Mech Anal 165: 295–316, 2002).Supported by the Alexander von Humboldt foundation and NSFC(No:10571069).     

Notes on estimating inverse-Gaussian and gamma subordinators under high-frequency sampling

We study joint efficient estimation of two parameters dominating either the inverse-Gaussian or gamma subordinator, based on discrete observations sampled at satisfying as . Under the condition that as we have two kinds of optimal rates, and . Moreover, as in estimation of diffusion coefficient of a Wiener process the -consistent component of the estimator is effectively workable even when T _n does not tend to infinity. Simulation experiments are given under several h _n ’s behaviors.     

On the Optimal Value Function of a Linearly Perturbed Quadratic Program

The optimal value function of the quadratic program , where is a given symmetric matrix, a given matrix, and are the linear perturbations, is considered. It is proved that is directionally differentiable at any point in its effective domain . Formulae for computing the directional derivative of at in a direction are obtained. We also present an example showing that, in general, is not piecewise linear-quadratic on W. The preceding (unpublished) example of Klatte is also discussed.     

Nondifferentiability of an objective function at its point of minimum for most minimax problems

In this paper we study a class of minimax problems where . We show that the subclass of all problems for which there exists a point of minimum such that and is small. The paper is dedicated to the memory of Alexander M. Rubinov.     

Evolution systems and perturbations of generators of strongly continuous groups

Suppose A generates a strongly continuous linear group on a Banach space X and B is a linear operator on X. It is shown that an extension of generates a strongly continuous semigroup if and only if the family of operators has an appropriate evolution system. This produces simple sufficient conditions for an extension of to generate a strongly continuous semigroup, including

Positive elimination in valued fields

Let K be an algebraically closed field with a valuation ring or a real closed field with a convex valuation ring . We show that the projection of a basic (see “Introduction”) subset of to K ⁿ is again basic.     

Scalar Operators Representable as a Sum of Projectors

We study sets there exist n projectors P₁,...,P_n such that . We prove that if n 6, then .     

Divisors of Bernoulli Sums

Let where are independent Bernoulli random variables. In relation with the divisor problem, we evaluate the almost sure asymptotic order of the sums , where and is a sequence of positive integers. Received: May 23, 2007. Revised: June 8, 2007.     

Existence of solutions of the very fast diffusion equation in bounded and unbounded domain

We prove the existence of a unique solution of the following Neumann problem , u > 0, in (a, b) × (0, T), u(x, 0) = u ₀(x) ≥ 0 in (a, b), and , where if m < 0, if m = 0, and m≤ 0, , and the case −1 < m ≤ 0, , for some constant p > 1 − m. We also obtain a similar result in higher dimensions. As a corollary we will give a new proof of a result of A. Rodriguez and J.L. Vazquez on the existence of infinitely many finite mass solutions of the above equation in for any −1 < m ≤ 0. We also obtain the exact decay rate of the solution at infinity.     

A limit theorem for the perron-frobenius operator of transformations on [0,1] with indifferent fixed points

A limit theorem is proved for , whereP is the Perron-Frobenius operator associated with transformations on the unit interval with indifferent fixed points.     

Degrees of difficulty of generalized r.e. separating classes

Important examples of classes of functions are the classes of sets (elements of ^ω 2) which separate a given pair of disjoint r.e. sets: . A wider class consists of the classes of functions f ∈ ^ω k which in a generalized sense separate a k-tuple of r.e. sets (not necessarily pairwise disjoint) for each k ∈ ω: . We study the structure of the Medvedev degrees of such classes and show that the set of degrees realized depends strongly on both k and the extent to which the r.e. sets intersect. Let denote the Medvedev degrees of those such that no m + 1 sets among A ₀,...,A _k-1 have a nonempty intersection. It is shown that each is an upper semi-lattice but not a lattice. The degree of the set of k-ary diagonally nonrecursive functions is the greatest element of . If 2 ≤ l < k, then 0 _M is the only degree in which is below a member of . Each is densely ordered and has the splitting property and the same holds for the lattice it generates. The elements of are exactly the joins of elements of for . Supported by National Science Foundation grants DMS 0554841, 0532644 and 0652732.     

Stable constant mean curvature hypersurfaces in the real projective space

In this paper, we prove that the only compact two-sided hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature H which are weakly stable in and have constant scalar curvature are (i) the twofold covering of a totally geodesic projective space; (ii) the geodesic spheres in ; and (iii) the quotient to of the hypersurface obtained as the product of two spheres of dimensions k and n − k, with k = 1,..., n − 1, and radii r and , respectively, with .     

Reconstruction and Subgaussian Operators in Asymptotic Geometric Analysis

We present a randomized method to approximate any vector from a set . The data one is given is the set T, vectors of and k scalar products , where are i.i.d. isotropic subgaussian random vectors in , and . We show that with high probability, any for which is close to the data vector will be a good approximation of , and that the degree of approximation is determined by a natural geometric parameter associated with the set T. We also investigate a random method to identify exactly any vector which has a relatively short support using linear subgaussian measurements as above. It turns out that our analysis, when applied to {−1, 1}-valued vectors with i.i.d. symmetric entries, yields new information on the geometry of faces of a random {−1, 1}-polytope; we show that a k- dimensional random {−1, 1}-polytope with n vertices is m-neighborly for The proofs are based on new estimates on the behavior of the empirical process when F is a subset of the L ₂ sphere. The estimates are given in terms of the γ ₂ functional with respect to the ψ ₂ metric on F, and hold both in exponential probability and in expectation. Received: November 2005, Revision: May 2006, Accepted: June 2006     

Increasing functions and inverse Santaló inequality for unconditional functions

Let be a convex function and be its Legendre tranform. It is proved that if is invariant by changes of signs, then . This is a functional version of the inverse Santaló inequality for unconditional convex bodies due to J. Saint Raymond. The proof involves a general result on increasing functions on together with a functional form of Lozanovskii’s lemma. In the last section, we prove that for some c > 0, one has always . This generalizes a result of B. Klartag and V. Milman.