60keV质子辐照对TiNi记忆合金薄膜马氏体相变的影响

利用磁控溅射的方法在氧化后的单晶Si基片上制备了TiNi形状记忆合金薄膜，利用示差扫描量热法和原位X射线衍射研究了薄膜的马氏体相变特征。通过60keV质子注入（辐照）薄膜样品研究了H+离子对合金薄膜马氏体相变特征的影响，结果表明氢离子注入后引起了马氏体相变开始Ms和结束点Mf以及逆马氏体相变开始As和结束温度Af的下降，而对R相变开始Rs和结束温度Rf影响不大。掠入射X射线衍射表明H+离子注入后有氢化物形成。H+离子注入形成的氢化物是引起相变点的变化的主要因素。     

18 MeV质子辐照对TiNi形状记忆合金R相变的影响

研究了用HZ B串列加速器的18MeV质子辐照对TiNi形状记忆合金R相变的影响,辐照在奥氏体母相状态下进行。示差扫描量热法(DSC)表明,辐照后R相变开始温度TsR和逆马氏体相变结束温度TfA随辐照注量的增加而降低。当注量为1.53×1014/cm2时,TsR和TfA分别下降6K和13K,辐照未引起R相变结束温度TfR和逆马氏体相变开始温度TsA的变化。表明辐照后母相(奥氏体相)稳定。透射电镜(TEM)分析表明辐照后没有引起合金可观察的微观组织变化。辐照对R相变开始温度TsR和逆马氏体相变结束温度Af的影响可能是由于质子辐照后产生了孤立的缺陷团,形成了局部应力场,引起晶格有序度的下降所造成的。     

18 MeV质子辐照对TiNi形状记忆合金R相变的影响

 研究了用HZ-B串列加速器的18MeV质子辐照对TiNi形状记忆合金R相变的影响，辐照在奥氏体母相状态下进行。示差扫描量热法（DSC）表明，辐照后R相变开始温度T^s_R和逆马氏体相变结束温度T^f_A随辐照注量的增加而降低。当注量为1.53×10¹⁴/cm²时，T^sR和T^f_A分别下降6K和13K，辐照未引起R相变结束温度T^s_R和逆马氏体相变开始温度T^f_A的变化。表明辐照后母相(奥氏体相)稳定。透射电镜（TEM）分析表明辐照后没有引起合金可观察的微观组织变化。辐照对R相变开始温度T^s_{R和逆马氏体相变结束温度Af的影响可能是由于质子辐照后产生了孤立的缺陷团，形成了局部应力场，引起晶格有序度的下降所造成的。}     

18 MeV质子辐照对TiNi形状记忆合金R相变的影响

研究了用HZ-B串列加速器的18MeV质子辐照对TiNi形状记忆合金R相变的影响,辐照在奥氏体母相状态下进行。示差扫描量热法（DSC）表明,辐照后R相变开始温度TsR和逆马氏体相变结束温度TfA随辐照注量的增加而降低。当注量为1.53×1014/cm2时,TsR和TfA分别下降6K和13K,辐照未引起R相变结束温度TsR和逆马氏体相变开始温度TfA的变化。表明辐照后母相(奥氏体相)稳定。透射电镜（TEM）分析表明辐照后没有引起合金可观察的微观组织变化。辐照对R相变开始温度TsR和逆马氏体相变结束温度Af的影响可能是由于质子辐照后产生了孤立的缺陷团,形成了局部应力场,引起晶格有序度的下降所造成的。     

80keV N离子注入对ZnO薄膜结构的影响

室温下用80keVN离子注入ZnO薄膜样品,注量分别为5.01014,5.01015和5.01016ions/cm2,然后用X射线衍射和透射电镜技术对样品的结构特性进行了表征。实验结果表明,由高度(002)择优取向的致密柱状晶构成的薄膜中,注入5.0×1015ions/cm2时,观测到缺陷生成和局域无序化现象,但薄膜总体结构仍保持柱状晶和(002)择优取向;随着注量的增大,晶格常数c和压应力呈增大趋势。对注入N离子对ZnO薄膜结构特性的影响机理进行了简单的讨论。     

NiTi合金薄膜厚度对相变温度影响的X射线光电子能谱分析

采用X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱实验手段对不同厚度的NiTi薄膜相变温度的变化进行了分析.结果表明在相同衬底温度和退火条件下,3?μm厚度的薄膜晶化温度高于18?μm厚度的薄膜.衬底温度越高,薄膜越易晶化,退火后薄膜奥氏体相转变温度As越低.薄膜的表面有TiO₂氧化层形成,氧化层阻止了Ni原子渗出;膜与基片的界面存在Ti₂O₃和NiO.由于表面和界面氧化层的存在,不同厚度的薄膜内层的厚度也不同,因而薄膜越薄,Ni原子的含量就越高.Ni原子的含量的不同会影响薄膜的相变温度. 关键词： NiTi合金薄膜 X射线衍射 相变 X射线光电子能谱     

利用内耗研究淬火空位对Cu-11.9Al-2.5Mn(wt%)形状记忆合金逆马氏体相变温度的影响

利用内耗手段研究了淬火空位的演变行为及其对Cu-11.9Al-2.5Mn(wt%)形状记忆合金逆马氏体相变温度的影响.通过对不同冷却方式的样品研究表明,较高的冷却速度可以导致较高的逆马氏体相变峰峰温.而对于水淬样品,相变峰峰温随淬火温度呈非单调变化行为,这可能与有序相及无序相中不同的空位形成能有关.经历热循环以后,逆马氏体相变峰峰温显著降低. 关键词： 形状记忆合金 热处理 马氏体相变 阻尼     

外加电场对铁电薄膜相变的影响

采用热力学非线性理论,研究了外加电场对立方基底Pb(Zr_0.3Ti_0.7)O₃(PZT)铁电薄膜相变的影响.通过数值计算,得到了"失配应变-外加电场"相图,及外加电场与极化强度的关系.当外加电场达到186 kV/cm时,能使生长在SrTiO₃ 基底上PZT铁电薄膜从单斜r相转变为c相.在实验上,采用扫描探针显微镜通过对PZT薄膜施加不同的极化电场来研究了它的电畴翻转.从得到的压电响应相图可以看出,绝大多数的电畴是清晰可 关键词： 铁电薄膜 相变 扫描探针显微镜 失配应变     

Ti离子注入和退火对ZnS薄膜结构和光学性质的影响

利用真空蒸发法在石英玻璃衬底上制备了ZnS薄膜,将能量80 keV,剂量1×10¹⁷ cm^-2的Ti离子注入到薄膜中,并将注入后的ZnS薄膜进行退火处理,退火温度500—700 ℃.利用X射线衍射（XRD）研究了薄膜结构的变化,利用光致发光（PL）和光吸收研究了薄膜光学性质的变化.XRD结果显示,衍射峰在500 ℃退火1 h后有一定程度的恢复;光吸收结果显示,离子注入后光吸收增强,随着退火温度的上升,光吸收逐渐降低,吸收边随着退火温度的提高发生蓝移;PL显示,薄 关键词： ZnS薄膜 离子注入 X射线衍射 光致发光     

内应力对铁磁性形状记忆合金Ni-Mn-Ga马氏体相变路径的影响

在单晶样品Ni52Mn245Ga235中观察到了单纯由温度诱发的完全的热弹性中间马氏体相变,测定了母相和中间马氏体相的晶体结构和晶格参数.通过对研磨成不同晶粒度大小的单晶样品的研究,发现晶粒度小于50μm时,由于机械研磨引入的内应力可以使中间马氏体相变消失.但这种引入的内应力并不引起马氏体相变温度的明显改变.计算了不同晶粒度大小的样品由于机械研磨引起的微观应变和引入的微观内应力.分析指出,马氏体相变路径的选取与机械研磨引入的内应力大小密切相关. 关键词： Ni52Mn245Ga235 中间马氏体相变     

冲击诱发NiTi形状记忆合金相变行为研究

NiTi形状记忆合金的高应变动态响应特性在军事、航空等领域具有重要应用.为研究NiTi合金在动态力学诱导下的相变行为,在不同温区不同冲击速率下,通过轻气炮装置对NiTi合金进行了动态加载实验.利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC),综合物性测量系统分析了冲击波残余效应对NiTi合金相变行为的影响.研究发现:受冲击的样品在第一次DSC热循环中观察到了三个马氏体吸热峰,表现为三步逆马氏体相变,而在第二次热循环中其中两个应力诱发马氏体吸热峰因变形恢复消失.形成两个应力诱发马氏体吸热峰的原因可能是晶粒内部与晶界处的相变过程不同步.受冲击后样品DSC放热峰上出现了一小肩峰,表明可能因中间相(R相)的出现而发生了两步相变,结合电阻测量曲线进一步确认R相的存在,且发现奥氏体相向R相转变以及R相向马氏体相转变这两种相变过程在某一温度范围内可同时进行.同时,文中也具体讨论了不同的冲击加载条件对相变过程的影响.     

Influence of the atomic order on the magnetic characteristics of a Ni–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

The influence of the atomic order on the magnetic properties has been analyzed in a polycrystalline Ni_49.5Mn_28.5Ga₂₂ ferromagnetic shape memory alloy prepared by arc melting under Ar atmosphere. Different thermal treatments have been performed to modify the order degree of the alloy. The effect of the different thermal treatments on the magnetic and structural characteristics has been analyzed by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The magnetic and structural properties of the alloys are modified as a consequence of the atomic order change. The martensitic transformation temperatures increase as long as the order degree increases. On the other side, the Curie temperature and magnetization saturation also reflect the order degree of the alloy but seems to be linked to the particular order of the Mn sub-lattice.     

Martensitic transformation and shape memory effect of a Ni–Fe–Ga polycrystalline alloy

The martensitic transformation and shape memory effect of Ni—23.9 wt%–Fe—28.7 wt%Ga polycrystalline alloy are studied in the present paper. It is shown that martensitic transformation temperatures and its reverse transformation temperatures are all raised by annealing treatment. A large reversible transformation strain, about 2100ppm, is obtained in Ni—23.9 wt%–Fe—28.7 wt%Ga polycrystalline alloy due to martensitic transformation and its reverse transformation. This transformation strain is also increased by the external magnetic field. It is believed that the effect of field on the preferential orientation of martensitic variants when transforming increases the transformation strain.     

Growth of Ni-Mn-Ga high-temperature shape memory alloy thin films by magnetron sputtering technique

Ni-Mn-Ga thin films have been fabricated by using magnetron sputtering technique under various substrate negative bias voltages. The effect of substrate negative bias voltage on the compositions and surface morphology of Ni-Mn-Ga thin films was systematically investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectrum and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The results show that the Ni contents of the thin films increase with the increase of the substrate negative bias voltages, whereas the Mn contents and Ga contents decrease with the increase of substrate negative bias voltages. It was also found that the surface roughness and average particle size of the thin films remarkably decrease with the increase of substrate negative bias voltages. Based on the influence of bias voltages on film compositions, a Ni₅₆Mn₂₇Ga₁₇ thin film was obtained at the substrate negative bias voltage of 30 V. Further investigations indicate that the martensitic transformation start temperature of this film is up to 584 K, much higher than room temperature, and the film has a non-modulated tetragonal martensitic structure at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy observations reveal that microstructure of the thin film exhibits an internally (1 1 1) type twinned substructure. The fabrication of Ni₅₆Mn₂₇Ga₁₇ high-temperature shape memory alloy thin film will contribute to the successful development of microactuators.     

Mössbauer study of the martensitic transformation in a Ni–Fe–Ga shape memory alloy

We present the results of an extensive Mössbauer study of the magnetic and martensitic transformation at room temperature of a polycrystalline alloy with a Ni₅₅Fe₁₉Ga₂₆ nominal composition. From calorimetric measurements, we have determined the martensitic transformation temperature of T _M ≈ 240 K, in good agreement with the one obtained by magnetic characterization. This sample has a Curie temperature of T _C ≈ 287 K. Additional Curie temperatures, belonging to a γ phase, have been also detected. Mössbauer spectroscopy performed at different temperatures monitored all these transformations and the fitting of the obtained spectrum at the highest temperature allow us to give percentages of the different phases in the sample.     

Combined experimental and theoretical study on the effect of Nb content on martensitic transformation of NbRu shape memory alloys

The effect of Nb content on the martensitic transformation of NbRu high-temperature shape memory alloys is investigated by experiments and first-principles calculations. We calculate the lattice parameters, density of states, charge density, and heats of formation of Nb_50+xRu_50-x β phase. The results show that an increase in Nb content increases the stability of Nb_50+xRu_50-x β phase, leading to a significant decrease of the β to β' martensitic transformation temperature. In addition, the mechanism of the effects of Nb content on phase stability and martensitic transformation temperature is studied on the basis of electronic structure.     

Investigation of shape memory characteristics and production of HfZrTiFeMnSi high entropy alloy by mechanical alloying method

High entropy alloy (HEA) with shape memory effect (SME) has been the subject of great interest for the past few decades. However, with the increased demands for new materials for high thermal applications, the research activities on the multi elemental high entropy shape memory alloys (HESMA) have been increased by many folds recently. The nano crystalline HEA powder with shape memory effect developed in this study, HfZrTiFeMnSi, was produced by mechanical alloying (MA) for the first time. In this method equiatomic ratio of Hf, Zr, Ti, Fe, Mn, and Si were mixed together and milled by MA process for 100 h. The powder formed was of amorphous in nature. Elemental mapping of the powder from SEM-EDS revealed homogeneity of the alloying elements confirming successful fabrication of HfZrTiFeMnSi HEA powder. The DSC studies from ambient to 500 °C of the annealed alloy powders showed reversible austenitic to martensitic (A↔M) transformations. The A↔M transformation hysteresis seemed to vary with the milling time and annealing temperature. The enthalpy values, ΔH, for the transformation were calculated from the DSC plots using tangent method for peak area calculation. Regardless of the annealing temperature, the thermal analysis revealed that the ΔH, equilibrium temperature (T₀), and crystallization temperature values decreased with the increasing milling time.