基于自适应遗传算法的改进PID参数优化

PID控制的控制性能取决于PID参数的设置,针对传统PID参数整定和优化过程中存在的问题进行了PID控制改进,提出了自适应遗传算法整定和优化PID参数的方法。改进PID控制将系统的综合性能控制区分为不同目标的局部性能控制,采用自适应遗传算法针对不同控制目标进行PID参数寻优,选择、交叉和变异概率的自适应改变在保持种群多样性的同时加快算法收敛。改进的PID控制和遗传算法有效提高了PID参数寻优能力,提高了控制系统的响应能力和稳定性。最后通过发动机怠速转速控制应用表明本算法的可行性和有效性。     

自适应混合遗传算法优化团簇

提出一种用于原子团簇结构优化的方法,该方法把具有全局寻优能力的自适应遗传算法与基于牛顿法思想提出的局部优化方法相结合.碳团簇的结构优化用于验证新方法的合理性,计算结果与自适应遗传算法的结果相比较,证明所提出的局部优化方法能够有效地搜索到局部极值,计算结果和混合遗传算法的结果进行对比,证明提出的自适应混合遗传算法能有效地解决"早熟"现象,并且通过对C₁₂的四次计算,表明该算法具有一定的稳定性.     

AGA-BP模型在遥感影像分类中的应用研究

作为遥感研究的关键技术,遥感影像分类一直是遥感研究热点;针对目前采用BP神经网络模型进行遥感影像分类时存在的对初始权阈值敏感、易陷入局部极值和收敛速度慢的问题,为了提高BP模型遥感影像分类精度,将自适应遗传算法引入到BP网络模型参数选择中;首先运用自适应遗传算法对BP模型权阈值参数进行初始寻优,再用改进BP算法对优化的网络模型权阈值进一步精确优化,随后建立基于自适应遗传算法的BP网络分类模型,并将其应用到遥感影像数据分类研究中;仿真结果表明,新模型有效提高了遥感影像分类准确性,为遥感影像分类提出了一种新的方法,具有广泛研究价值。     

基于云模型的自适应量子免疫克隆算法

利用云模型能够兼顾随机性和模糊性的品质,提出一种基于云模型的自适应量子免疫克隆算法.使用云算子代替通用的量子旋转门这一量子进化算法核心算子用于寻优变异操作;通过控制云算子间的协作,实现算法在进化过程中对搜索范围的动态调整,使算法具有较强的全局搜索能力;同时,补充针对性的优化方案,有效避免了算法陷入局部最优.对标准数值优化问题的仿真对比实验表明,该算法具有寻优能力强、搜索精度高、稳定度好等优点;对非线性系统的参数估计仿真实验,该算法也取得了对参数的高精度有效估计.     

基于量子粒子群算法的自适应随机共振方法研究

为提升随机共振理论在微弱信号检测领域中的实用性,以随机共振系统参数为研究对象,提出了基于量子粒子群算法的自适应随机共振方法.首先将自适应随机共振问题转化为多参数并行寻优问题,然后分别在Langevin系统和Duffing振子系统下进行仿真实验.在Langevin系统中,将量子粒子群算法和描点法进行了寻优结果对比;在Duffing振子系统中,Duffing振子系统的寻优结果则直接与Langevin系统的寻优结果进行了对比.实验结果表明:在寻优结果和寻优效率上,基于量子粒子群算法的自适应随机共振方法要明显高于描点法;在相同条件下,Duffing振子系统的寻优结果要优于Langevin系统的寻优结果;在两种系统下,输入信号信噪比越低就越能体现出量子粒子群算法的优越性.最后还对随机共振系统参数的寻优结果进行了规律性总结.     

模拟退火优化SVM参数的变压器故障诊断

利用群智能算法优化支持向量机(SVM)参数往往需要引入额外的变量,使变压器故障诊断问题更加复杂,对此提出一种自适应的模拟退火算法优化(ASA)支持向量机参数。通过设计自适应的冷却进度表,使得寻参的过程仅仅依赖于退火速率以及网格搜索粒度,保持了较少的参数设置。在相关数据集上的实验表明,与已提出的粒子群算法(PSO)、遗传算法(GA)相比,ASA算法具有更快的收敛速度以及较好的诊断精度。利用自适应的模拟退火算法能够较好的优化SVM参数并提高变压器故障诊断的精度。     

基于混合Powell法的太赫兹/可见光双波段图像配准

提出一种改进Powell法结合遗传算法的混合算法,配准人体安检仪的太赫兹与可见光双波段图像。针对被动式太赫兹图像特征点难以提取的问题,以互信息为相似性测度,通过遗传算法寻优获取7个仿射变换参数的近似解并将其设置为改进Powell算法的初始点,然后利用改进Powell法的局部搜索能力,得到7个变换参数的精确解。利用单一遗传算法、单一Powell算法和本文混合算法分别对两组太赫兹和可见光图像进行配准。以均方根误差为评价标准对配准结果进行评价。实验结果证明,相比于单一遗传算法和Powell算法,该方法达到了更高的配准精度。能进一步用于太赫兹与可见光双波段图像融合,以提高对衣物内藏匿物品的识别精度,增强太赫兹人体安检仪的实用性。     

布谷鸟搜索的润滑脂特征红外光谱波段优选技术

针对润滑脂分类,提出了基于布谷鸟搜索的红外光谱波段筛选方法,有效剔除了易受噪声等环境影响的红外光谱区域、实现了对庞大光谱数据进行特征选择和降维处理、通过筛选光谱最优波段建立了更加准确高效的润滑脂分类模型。以三类不同稠化剂润滑脂的红外光谱数据为研究对象,采用主成分分析法(PCA),对不同波段的红外光谱数据进行压缩,以提取的红外光谱主要成分作为输入,润滑脂稠化剂类别作为输出,通过布谷鸟搜索法(CS),对主要成分权重和分类核参数进行准确度寻优训练,建立分类识别预测模型。对所建立的模型再进行分类准确性测试,得到模型测试结果准确度,建立红外光谱波段和测试准确度之间的联系,得到润滑脂最优类别识别模型和最优分类波段。对所建立的模型再进行分类准确性测试,结果显示：经过布谷鸟搜索法训练加权后的主要特征呈现明显聚类现象,可以得到分类核,实现对润滑脂种类的准确识别;在搜索过程中提供了区分不同润滑脂的推荐波段和特征峰,使对润滑脂的正确鉴别概率由全波段建立分类模型的94.44%提高到筛选后特征波段建立分类模型的100%,并减少了运算时间、提高了搜索运行效率。     

智能算法在晶体色散方程参量反演中的比较研究

为了研究智能优化算法在不同晶体材料色散方程参数反演中的迭代搜索性能问题,根据已测石英和方解石晶体的实验数据,分别采用遗传算法、模拟退火算法和遗传模拟退火算法应用于晶体色散方程的参数反演中,获得了晶体修正的塞耳迈耶尔方程的参量,同时比较了三种算法在迭代搜索性能、算法稳定性、计算时间和差方和等之间的差异,结果表明,三种算法在晶体色散方程参数反演时都可以得到满意的结果,但是,由于遗传模拟退火算法同时具备遗传算法的快速全局搜索性能和模拟退火算法的极强局部搜索性能,使得在晶体色散方程参数反演中的优化效果更优.因此在建立其它材料色散方程时建议采用遗传模拟退火算法,而且这一结果对研究混合智能算法的迭代搜索性能也是有帮助的.     

支持向量机在混合气体定量分析中的应用

针对使用掺铥光纤激光器的气体传感系统进行混合气体测量时,吸收谱线重叠较为严重且相互交叉吸收干扰的现象造成的测量误差大、分析精度低的问题,提出一种基于自适应变异粒子群优化的支持向量机(SVM)方法,用于建立混合气体体积分数定量分析预测模型。对体积分数为0.5%～2%的氨气(NH3)和2%～5%的二氧化碳(CO₂)混合气体的吸收光谱数据进行采集和处理,利用自适应变异粒子群优化(AMPSO)算法对SVM模型参数进行寻优,利用获得的最优模型参数构建氨气和二氧化碳气体体积分数定量分析模型,并与标准粒子群优化算法和网格搜索法进行对比。实验结果表明,基于自适应粒子群优化算法建立的氨气和二氧化碳气体体积分数定量分析模型在较为合适的寻优时间下,可以得到最佳的均方误差,效率较高,该模型对测试集中氨气和二氧化碳气体体积分数设定值与预测值的均方误差分别为0.000088和0.000170,决定系数R²均为0.9998,满足混合气体检测要求。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.