NO2-在CTMAB-氧化钕纳米修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定

制备了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-氧化钕纳米修饰电极。用循环伏安法和示差脉冲伏安法研究了NO2-在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,结果表明,该修饰电极对NO2-的氧化具有良好的电催化能力,NO2-的氧化峰电流与其浓度在3.33×10-8～1.04×10-6mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检测限为9.86×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。此外,该修饰电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性。本方法可用于NO2-实际样品的测定。     

Highly sensitive voltammetric sensor based on catechol-derivative-multiwall carbon nanotubes for the catalytic determination of captopril in patient human urine samples

A new catechol-derivative compound, N-(3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl)-3,5-dinitrobenzamide, was synthesized and used to construct a modified-carbon nanotubes paste electrode. The electro-oxidation of captopril at the surface of the modified electrode was studied using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Under the optimized conditions, the differential pulse voltammetric peak current of captopril increased linearly with captopril concentration in the ranges of 6.4×10(-8) to 3.2×10(-48) mol L(-1). The detection limit was 3.4×10(-8) mol L(-1) captopril. The diffusion coefficient and kinetic parameters (such as electron transfer coefficient and the heterogeneous rate constant) for captopril oxidation were also determined. The RSD% for 0.5 and 10.0 μmol L(-1) captopril were 2.1% and 1.6%, respectively. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of captopril in human patient urine and tablet samples.     

纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极线性扫描伏安法测定苯酚

在0.01mol.L-1硼砂溶液(pH 9.18)中,用纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极作为工作电极,线性扫描伏安法测定苯酚。伏安图上出现一灵敏的氧化峰,其峰电位为+0.56V(vs.SCE),峰电流与苯酚的浓度在1.0×10-7～2.0×10-4 mol.L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为5.0×10-8 mol.L-1。富集时间为30s,同时采用线性扫描伏安法研究苯酚在纳米二氧化铈修饰碳糊电极上的氧化还原反应,结果表明此电极反应为一不可逆的吸附过程。     

多壁纳米管修饰电极电催化3,4-二羟基苯甲酸研究

应用循环伏安(CV)和方波伏安(SWV)法研究3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(DHBA)在多壁碳纳米管修饰的玻碳电极上的电化学行为.实验表明:该修饰电极对DHBA有较强的电催化作用.由方波伏安法测定的氧化峰电流在DHBA浓度为4.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol/L和2.0×10-4~8.0×10-4mol/L范围内分段呈线性变化关系;相关系数各为0.9995和0.9992,检测限1.0×10-6mol/L.     

Electrocatalytic Oxidation and Ion Chromatography Detection of S2O32-, SO32-, I- and SCN- at Glassy Carbon Electrode with Functionalized Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Film

In this research, a glassy carbon electrode modified with the functionalized multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNT-COOHs) film was used as an amperometric sensor for the determination of S2O32-, SO23-, I- and SCN-. The electrochemical behavior of those oxidizable inorganic anions at this modified electrode was studied by means of cyclic voltammetry(CV). The experimental results indicate that the modified electrode exhibits a high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of those anions with a relatively high sensitivity, a good stability and a long-life. Separated by ion chromatography(IC) with 1.25 mmol/L H2SO4 as an eluent,those oxidizable anions can be determined by the MWNT-COOHs modified electrode successfully. Under the optimal chromatographic conditions, the detection limits are 1.5 × 10-7 mol/L for S2O23-, 2. 5 × 10-7 mol/L for SO32-, 1.2 × 10-7 mol/L for I- and 2. 0 × 10-7 mol/L for SCN-, respectively. The method was applied successfully to the determination of those anions in environmental water.     

石墨烯/铁氰化钴复合膜修饰玻碳电极同时测定对苯二酚、邻苯二酚和间苯二酚

采用滴涂法和电沉积法制备了石墨烯/铁氰化钴复合膜修饰玻碳电极. 用扫描电镜对该纳米复合膜进行了表征.用循环伏安法研究了对苯二酚(HQ)、邻苯二酚(CT)和间苯二酚(RS)在修饰电极上的电化学行为. 实验结果表明, 相对于裸玻碳电极和石墨烯修饰电极, HQ, CT 和RS 在石墨烯/铁氰化钴修饰电极上的氧化峰电流显著提高. 利用差分脉冲伏安法测定, HQ, CT 和RS 分别在1.0×10^－6～1.5×10^－4 mol/L, 1.0×10^－6～2.0×10^－4 mol/L 和3.5×10^－6～2.5×10^－4 mol/L浓度范围内与氧化峰电流呈良好的线性关系, 相关系数分别为0.991, 0.993 和0.992. 信噪比为3 时, HQ, CT 和RS 检出限分别为2.0×10^－7, 2.1×10^－7 和3.5×10^－7 mol/L. 将该方法用于水样分析, 回收率为95.6%～106.1%.     

氧化石墨烯/铁氰化铈修饰玻碳电极同时测定扑热息痛和咖啡因

采用滴涂法和电沉积法制备了氧化石墨烯/铁氰化铈(CeFe(CN)6)纳米复合膜修饰玻碳电极。用扫描电镜对氧化石墨烯和氧化石墨烯/CeFe(CN)6纳米复合膜进行了表征。分别用循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法研究了扑热息痛和咖啡因在修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,在0.1 mol/L醋酸盐缓冲溶液(pH5.0)中,扑热息痛和咖啡因在此修饰电极上具有良好的电化学行为,扑热息痛和咖啡因分别在1.0×10-7～6.0×10-5mol/L和1.0×10-6～1.3×10-4mol/L浓度范围内与电化学响应信号呈良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.990和0.992;信噪比为3时,扑热息痛和咖啡因检出限分别为5.0×10-8mol/L和5.2×10-7mol/L。将本方法用于人尿样品分析,回收率为96.1%～105.4%。     

纳米氧化铁修饰玻碳电极检测痕量镉离子

制备了一种纳米氧化铁修饰玻碳电极,并研究了镉离子在该修饰电极上的溶出伏安行为。结果表明,纳米氧化铁颗粒能有效促进镉离子的溶出伏安响应。在pH 6.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,镉离子能有效吸附在纳米氧化铁表面并在-1.0 V时被还原。被还原的镉在正向扫描过程中可以重新氧化,并在-0.85 V处出现一明显的溶出伏安氧化峰。该峰电流随镉离子浓度的增大而增大,可用于对镉离子的检测。在最佳检测条件(pH 6.0,富集时间350 s,富集电位-1.0 V)下,镉离子的响应电流与其浓度在6.0×10-10～1.0×10-8mol/L以及1.0×10-8～1.0×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好线性,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-10 mol/L。干扰实验结果表明,一些常见的阳离子以及阴离子对镉离子的检测无明显干扰。将该方法用于实际样品的检测,回收率良好。     

芦丁在纳米金修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及其测定

采用循环伏安法将纳米金电沉积于玻碳电极表面,制备了纳米金修饰玻碳电极(NG/GCE).在pH3.29的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,用循环伏安法研究了芦丁在NG/GCE上的电化学行为.结果表明,NG/GCE对芦丁的氧化还原反应有良好的电催化作用.用方波伏安法测得芦丁的还原峰电流与其浓度在2.0×10-8～2.0×10-6mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-8mol/L(S/N=3).     

番红花红聚合膜修饰电极及其应用

研究了番红花红(SFR)在玻碳电极表面聚合过程及聚合条件。SFR聚合膜对于肾上腺素(EP)的氧化能够起到明显的电催化作用。分别利用循环伏安法(CV)、差分脉冲法(DPV)、计时电流法研究了EP在pH7.4的磷酸缓冲溶液中的线性关系,发现其浓度分别在2.0×10-6～9.0×10-6mol/L、1.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol/L(CV),2.0×10-5～4.0×10-4mol/L(DPV),2.0×10-6～5.0×10-6mol/L(计时电流法)范围内呈良好的线性关系,该电极已用于实际样品测定。     

碳纳米管负载氢氧化镍修饰电极的制备及应用

采用表面滴涂结合循环伏安法制备了碳纳米管负载氢氧化镍修饰电极(Ni(OH)2/MWNT/CCE)。研究了该修饰电极对葡萄糖的电催化氧化性能。结果表明,该修饰电极对葡萄糖具有良好的电催化氧化活性。在优化条件下,安培法检测葡萄糖的线性范围为2.0×10-7～5.7×10-4 mol.L-1(r=0.999 9,s=2 786.5μA.(mmol.L-1)-1.cm-2)和5.7×10-4～2.7×10-3 mol.L-1(r=0.999 1,s=2 005.2μA.(mmol.L-1)-1.cm-2),检出限(3sb)为8.0×10-8 mol.L-1。该法已成功用于血清中葡萄糖含量的测定。     

银掺杂聚L-天冬氨酸修饰电极的制备及对肾上腺素的测定

利用循环伏安法,研究了银和L-天冬氨酸在玻碳电极表面电化学聚合的条件,制备了银掺杂聚L-天冬氨酸修饰电极。研究了肾上腺素在修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了循环伏安法测定肾上腺素的新方法。在pH=3.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,扫描速率为50mV/s时,肾上腺素在修饰电极上产生一对明显的氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为Epa=0.447V,Epc=0.387V。用循环伏安法测定时,氧化峰电流与肾上腺素浓度分别在8.00×10-8～1.00×10-5mol/L和1.00×10-5～1.00×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为8.0×10-9mol/L。     

槲皮素在聚谷氨酸修饰玻碳电极上的伏安行为及检测

制备了聚谷氨酸修饰玻碳电极,通过循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法研究了槲皮素在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。在pH 5.00的B-R缓冲液中,槲皮素在修饰电极上于0.28 V(vs Ag/AgCl)电位处产生一个灵敏的DPV阳极氧化峰,氧化峰电流与槲皮素的浓度在1.0×10-8～5×10-5 mol/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检测限为4.0×10-9 mol/L。实验表明,聚谷氨酸修饰电极可提高槲皮素的检测灵敏度,该电极用于芦丁水解产物中槲皮素的检测,回收率为103.4%～104.5%。     

Sensitive voltammetric determination of tryptophan using an acetylene black paste electrode modified with a Schiff's base derivative of chitosan

Chitosan was modified by salicylaldehyde via Schiff's base reaction and the resulting product was modified on the surface of an acetylene black paste electrode (ABPE) by the drop-coating method. In 0.5 mol L(-1) acetate buffer (pH 4.2), a substantial increase in the anodic stripping peak current of tryptophan (Trp) (compared to conventional bare carbon paste electrode (CPE) and bare ABPE) is observed at the Schiff's base chitosan-modified electrode. The parameters influencing voltammetric determination of Trp have been optimized. Under the selected conditions, the linearity between the anodic peak currents and concentrations of Trp demonstrated a wide range of 6.0 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) to 2.0 × 10(-6) mol L(-1), 2.0 × 10(-6) mol L(-1) to 4.0 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) and 4.0 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) to 1.0 × 10(-4) mol L(-1), a low detection limit of 2.0 × 10(-9) mol L(-1) was obtained after a 60 s accumulation. In addition, the developed electrochemical sensor has been successfully applied for the determination of Trp in pharmaceutical and biological samples with satisfactory assay results.     

石墨烯修饰电极的制备及其对对乙酰氨基酚的伏安测定

利用滴涂的方法制备了石墨烯修饰电极;石墨烯修饰电极对对乙酰氨基酚（ACOP）的电化学氧化具有明显的催化作用。 研究了ACOP在石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了测定ACOP的电化学分析新方法。 考察了磷酸盐缓冲溶液的pH值对ACOP电化学行为的影响。 结果表明,氧化还原峰电位随pH值升高发生负移;在pH=6.0磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,对乙酰氨基酚在修饰电极上呈现一对灵敏的氧化还原峰。 对乙酰氨基酚在石墨烯修饰电极上的氧化峰峰电流与其浓度在6.00×10-7~4.00×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.994 0;检出限为5.00×10-8 mol/L。 其回归方程为：ipa(A)=3.00c+1.21×10-5。 该修饰电极具有良好的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性,可用于对乙酰氨基酚药片分析。     

聚苯胺纳米纤维修饰石墨箔电极的制备及电化学性能

以石墨箔(GF)为工作电极, 采用循环伏安法(CV), 通过电化学聚合, 制备了聚苯胺(PANI)纳米纤维修饰GF电极(Nano-PANI/GF). 利用红外光谱(FTIR)研究了Nano-PANI/GF修饰电极上聚合物的组成, 利用扫描电镜(SEM)观测了Nano-PANI/GF修饰电极的表面形貌. 利用循环伏安法研究了Nano-PANI/GF修饰电极在0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=6.9)中的电化学活性, 发现Nano-PANI/GF修饰电极在中性溶液中有良好的电化学活性. Nano-PANI/GF修饰电极对抗坏血酸(AA)电化学氧化的催化作用结果表明, 在0.2 V(vs. SCE)电位下, 在浓度范围1.7~2.0×10³ μmol/L内, 抗坏血酸的氧化电流与浓度呈良好线性关系, 线性方程式为y=0.00013x+0.0031. 修饰电极对抗坏血酸的最低检测限为1.7 μmol/L(S/N=3).     

聚中性红/纳米二氧化硅复合修饰电极直接测定抗坏血酸

用滴涂法和电化学聚合法制备了聚中性红/纳米二氧化硅修饰电极(PNR/nano-SiO2/GCE),并用循环伏安法和交流阻抗法研究了修饰电极表面的电化学行为。实验表明,该修饰电极对抗坏血酸(AA)表现出良好的电催化氧化性能,探讨了复合修饰电极协同增效作用的机理。用线性扫描伏安法研究了AA浓度与峰电流之间线性关系,在pH2.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,AA氧化峰电流在1.8×10-6～5.0×10-3mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为5.4×10-7mol/L(S/N=3)。该修饰电极制备简单,可用于药品及果蔬食品中抗坏血酸的直接测定。     

Determination of morphine at gold nanoparticles/Nafion® carbon paste modified sensor electrode

A novel and effective electrochemical sensor for the determination of morphine (MO) in 0.04 mol L(-1) universal buffer solution (pH 7.4) is introduced using gold nanoparticles electrodeposited on a Nafion modified carbon paste electrode. The effect of various experimental parameters including pH, scan rate and accumulation time on the voltammetric response of MO was investigated. At the optimum conditions, the concentration of MO was determined using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in a linear range of 2.0 × 10(-7) to 2.6 × 10(-4) mol L(-1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.999, and a detection limit of 13.3 × 10(-10) mol L(-1), respectively. The effect of common interferences on the current response of morphine namely ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) is studied. The modified electrode can be used for the determination of MO spiked into urine samples, and excellent recovery results were obtained.     

Homogeneous and nanomolar detection of hydrazine by indigocarmine as a mediator at the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode

The homogeneous electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine（HZ） has been studied by indigocarmine（IND） as a mediator at the surface of TiO₂ nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode（TNMCPE）.Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical behavior of IND at different scan rates.The voltammetric response of the modified electrode was linear against the concentration of HZ in the ranges of 3.0×l0^-8-7.0×10⁶ mol/L with differential pulse voltammetry method.The detection limit（3σ） was determined as 27.3 nmol/L.To evaluate the applicability of the proposed method to real samples,the modified CPE was applied to the determination of HZ in water samples.     

Electrochemical oxidation behavior of colchicine on a graphene oxide-Nafion composite film modified glassy carbon electrode

An electrochemical sensor, based on a graphene oxide (GO)-Nafion composite film modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), was developed and used for detection of trace amounts of colchicine. Owing to the large surface area, good conductivity of GO and good affinity of Nafion, the sensor exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of colchicine, displaying a wide linear response from 5.0 × 10(-8) to 2.0 × 10(-5) mol L(-1) and a low detection limit of 1.5 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) in 0.1 mol L(-1) H(2)SO(4) solution. And this modified electrode exhibited a superior immunity from epinephrine, dopamine and ascorbic acid interference. The method was also applied successfully to detect colchicine in medicinal tablets.