真空场注入非对称五态叠加多模泛函叠加态的高次振幅压缩

构造了由多模真空态、多模泛函相干态、多模泛函相干态的相反态、多模复共轭泛函相干态和多模复共轭泛函相干态的相反态这五个宏观上完全可分辩的量子态线性叠加所构成的强度不等的非对称五态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场|Ψ(5)vas〉q.利用多模压缩态理论,首次研究了态|Ψ(5)vas〉q的广义非线性等幂奇数次高次振幅压缩特性.结果发现:在一定的条件下,态|Ψ(5)vas〉q可呈现任意次的广义非线性等幂次高次振幅压缩效应,其压缩程度、压缩深度和压缩幅度与压缩次数、腔模总数、态间叠加几率幅、各模光场的经典强度以及经典初始相位的空间分布函数等强烈地非线性相关联;特别是,在特定条件下,真空场的注入可以提高压缩程度.     

态|ψ(3)3〉q中广义磁场分量的N次方Y压缩效应

构造了由多模复共轭相干态|{Z*j}〉q、多模复共轭虚相干态|{iZ*j}〉q和多模真空态|{0j}〉q这三态的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅲ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ(3)3〉q.利用多模压缩态理论研究了态|ψ(3)3〉q中广义磁场分量的任意偶数次广义非线性等幂次N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:在压缩次数N取偶数,只要各模的初始相位φj(j=1,2,3,…,…,q),态间的初始相位差(θi-θ2)(i=1,3)和各单模相干态光场平均光子数R2j之和qj=1R2j分别满足各自的取值条件,态|ψ(3)3〉q的广义磁场分量(即第一正交相位分量)就可呈现出周期性变化的、任意偶数次的广义非线性等幂次N次方Y压缩效应.     

态|ψ_5~((3))〉_q中广义电场的2(2m+1)次方Y压缩特性

利用多模压缩态理论 ,研究了由多模复共轭相干态 | {Z j}〉q(j =1,2 ,3,… ,… ,q)、多模复共轭相干态的相反态 | { -Z j}〉q 和多模虚相干态 | {iZj}〉q 的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅴ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场 | ψ( 3)5〉q 中广义电场分量的等幂次N次方Y压缩特性 .结果发现 :当压缩次数N =2 p且 p =2m + 1(m =0 ,1,2 ,… ,… )时 ,在一定的条件下 ,态 | ψ( 3)5〉q 的广义电场分量 (即第二正交相位分量 )可呈现出周期性变化的、偶数次的等幂次 2 (2m + 1)次方Y压缩效应 .     

多模叠加态光场|ψ_5~((3))〉_q中广义磁场4m次方Y压缩

构造了由多模复共轭相干态 | {Z j}〉q、多模复共轭相干态的相反态 | {-Z j}〉q 以及多模虚相干态 | {iZj}〉q 的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅴ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场 | ψ(3)5 〉q 利用多模压缩态理论研究了态 | ψ(3)5 〉q 中广义磁场分量的等幂次N次方Y压缩特性 结果发现 :当压缩次数N =2 p且 p =2m (m =1 ,2 ,3,… ,… )时 ,只要各模的初始相位 φj( j=1 ,2 ,… ,… ,q)、态间的初始相位差 (θ1 -θ2 )、(θ1 -θ3)和 (θ2 -θ3)以及受各模的初始相位 φj 调制的各单模相干态光场的平均光子数之和∑qj=1(R2 jcos2 φj)等分别满足一定的取值条件 ,则态 | ψ(3)5 〉q 的广义磁场分量就可呈现出周期性变化的广义非线性等幂次 4m次方Y压缩效应     

多模叠加态光场|ψ(3)5〉q中广义磁场4m次方Y压缩

构造了由多模复共轭相干态|{Z*j}〉q、多模复共轭相干态的相反态|{-Z*j}〉q以及多模虚相干态|{iZj}〉q的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅴ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ(3)5〉q.利用多模压缩态理论研究了态|ψ(3)5〉q中广义磁场分量的等幂次N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:当压缩次数N=2p且p=2m(m=1,2,3,…,…)时,只要各模的初始相位φj(j=1,2,…,…,q)、态间的初始相位差(θ1-θ2)、(θ1-θ3)和(θ2-θ3)以及受各模的初始相位φj调制的各单模相干态光场的平均光子数之和∑qj=1(R2jcos2φj)等分别满足一定的取值条件,则态|ψ(3)5〉q的广义磁场分量就可呈现出周期性变化的广义非线性等幂次4m次方Y压缩效应.     

多模准对称叠加态光场广义电场分量的高次振幅压缩

构造了由多模真空场|{0j}＞q和四个一般多模泛函相干态|{f(m)j(x,y,x)}＞q(m=1,2,3,4)这五个态任意线性叠加而成的五态叠加多模泛函量子叠加态光场|φ(5)(fj)＞q.利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|φ(5)(fj)＞q的广义电场分量在其不等强度准对称叠加条件广义非线性不等幂次Nj次方振幅压缩特性.结果发现:①态|φ(5)(fj)＞q是一种普遍意义上的五态叠加多模泛函非经典光场;对于态|φ(5)(fj)＞q的不等强度准对称叠加情形,无论压缩次数Nj取偶数还是取奇数,在一定的条件下,态|φ(5)(fj)＞q的广义电场分量就可呈现出任意次不等幂次且周期性变化的广义非线性Nj次方振幅压缩效应;②态|φ(5)(fj)＞q的多模泛函相干态中各模经典振幅和经典相位等的空间任意分布特征以及经典强度和经典振幅的任意非对称空间分布特征将对其不等幂次振幅压缩效应的压缩结果及压缩程度等产生直接的影响.     

态|ψ(3)5〉q中广义电场的2(2m+1)次方Y压缩特性

利用多模压缩态理论,研究了由多模复共轭相干态|{Z*j}〉q(j=1,2,3,…,…,q)、多模复共轭相干态的相反态|{-Z*j}〉q和多模虚相干态|{iZj}〉q的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅴ类三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ(3)5〉q中广义电场分量的等幂次N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:当压缩次数N=2p且p=2m+1(m=0,1,2,…,…)时,在一定的条件下,态|ψ(3)5〉q的广义电场分量(即第二正交相位分量)可呈现出周期性变化的、偶数次的等幂次2(2m+1)次方Y压缩效应.     

三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场的高次压缩--广义磁场分量等幂次振幅压缩效应研究

构造了由多模真空态|{0j}>q与两个空间强度分布特征不同的多模复共轭泛函相干态|{f(a)f*(x,y,z)}>q和|{f(b)f*(x, y,z)}>q的线性叠加组成的三态叠加多模泛函叠加态光场|ψ(3)f>q,利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ(3)f>q中广义磁场分量的等幂次高次振幅(Y)压缩特性.结果表明:在一定的条件下,态|ψ(3)f>q的广义磁场分量可呈现出周期性变化的等幂次高次Y压缩效应; 光场经典强度和经典振幅的任意非对称空间分布特征和光场经典初始相位的任意空间分布特征等对其压缩程度将产生直接的影响.     

量子叠加态光场中广义电场的N次方H压缩效应

利用多模压缩态理论,研究了一种新型的三态叠加多模量子叠加态光场|Ψ(3)〉q中广义电场分量的等幂次N次方H压缩特性.结果发现,在一定条件下,态|Ψ(3)〉q的广义电场分量总可呈现出周期性变化的广义非线性等幂次N次方H压缩效应.     

多模复共轭奇、偶相干态光场的等幂次N次方X奇异压缩

利用多模压缩态理论进一步研究了多模复共轭奇、偶相干态光场的广义非线性等幂次高次差压缩特性(即N次方X压缩特性).分析表明:只要至少有一个模的光子数nj(j=1,2,3,...,2q)小于压缩次数N,则无论腔模数q与压缩次数N之积q*N取奇数还是取偶数,多模复共轭奇、偶相干态光场的广义磁场、广义电场两个正交相位分量均可同时呈现出差压缩效应,这种现象称之为广义非线性等幂次"N次方X奇异压缩"效应,此结果与现有报道截然不同,使"测不准关系"受到破坏;同时说明多模复共轭奇、偶相干态光场确实是两种典型的多模非经典光场.     

Quantum state reconstruction of the single-photon Fock state

We have reconstructed the quantum state of optical pulses containing single photons using the method of phase-randomized pulsed optical homodyne tomography. The single-photon Fock state 1> was prepared using conditional measurements on photon pairs born in the process of parametric down-conversion. A probability distribution of the phase-averaged electric field amplitudes with a strongly non-Gaussian shape is obtained with the total detection efficiency of (55+/-1)%. The angle-averaged Wigner function reconstructed from this distribution shows a strong dip reaching classically impossible negative values around the origin of the phase space.     

S-wave state and D-wave state of the vector meson

The S-wave state ³ S ₁ and D-wave state ³ D ₁ are investigated by applying the Salpeter equation. The coupled equations of the S-wave component and the D-wave component are obtained. In nonrelativistic limit, the coupled equations are decoupled and reduced to two Schrödinger equations describing the S-wave state and the D-wave state, respectively. It is shown that the S-D coupling will be of order v ⁴ or of higher order. For vector mesons 1^??, the contribution to the decay constant comes only from the S-wave state in the nonrelativistic limit. Even when only the simple potential, the scalar and the zero component of the vector potential are considered and the orbit-spin term and tensor term are neglected, the D-wave contribution to the decay constant should also be considered in higher order.     

Generalized quantum state sharing of the arbitrary two particles state

This paper has proposed a generalized quantum state sharing protocol of an arbitrary two-particle state using non-maximally GHZ states and generalized Bell state measurement.The sender Alice performs two-particle generalized Bell state measurements on her two particles in the state sharing process and the controller takes measurements on his particles and transfers the quantum information to the receiver with entanglement swapping by the cooperation of the other agents.It is found that the use of nonmaximally entangled state in quantum state sharing has enabled the secure sharing of the quantum state.     

Dynamics of spin state conversion processes in the solid state

Hyperfine Interactions - High spin (HS) ⇌ low spin (LS) conversions in transition metal complexes are nonradiative transitions between spin states. In this contribution, we present a study of...     

Order of phase transition between the Meissner state and the mixed state

The critical value of the Ginzburg-Landau parameter which separates type-II/1 from type-II/2 superconductors is computed by means of the boson formulation of superconductivity. By taking into account the tail effect of the function c(k), which describes the electrodynamics of the superconducting state, it is shown that the attractive part of the interaction energy between two flux lines indeed vanishes for a critical value of κ. The dependence on Λ = VN(O) is also discussed.     

Thermodynamics of the critical state

We discuss the asymptotic behavior of thermodynamic functions in the vicinity of critical points on the basis of the theory of thermodynamic equilibrium stability. We obtain two types of relations between critical exponents in the critical state. The general thermodynamic results are illustrated using classic self-consistent Van der Waals and Curie-Weiss field models.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 10, pp. 58–63, October, 1987.     

Joint remote state preparation of arbitrary two-qubit state with six-qubit state

We present a novelty scheme for joint remote preparation of an arbitrary two-qubit state in a probabilistic manner from a spatially separated multi-sender to one receiver. The probability of success regarding this preparation scheme is calculated in both general and some particular cases. Our results show that in general such remote state preparation can be realized with a probability of 1/4. But in several special cases, the probability of success can be improved to 1/2 or even 1.     

Is the one-photon state of an optical field a physical state?

The effect of a photon-counting cavity inserted on the two arms of an interferometer is considered. Under given conditions, the disappearance of the interference pattern is expected. It can be taken as the signature of a one-photon state in the cavity. This effect which do not violate the principle of macroscopic locality is related to the status of the wave function and to the so-called role of the observer.     

Stability of normal state bubbles in the intermediate state of type I superconductors

The intermediate state in a type I superconducting Indium slab is observed with the high resolution magneto-optical imaging technique. The patterns consist of coexisting cylindrical-shape (bubbles) and elongated-shape (lamellae) normal state domains surrounded by the superconducting phase. We show that the shape cylindrical or elongated of the domains is correlated to their surface area. Those first experimental results indicate that there is a maximum surface area above which bubbles are no more observed. This maximum surface area is found to coincide with the stability limit of the bubble shape.