On the variation of co-ordinates in subspaces

Summary Let1≦k≦n−1, 2≦n. This paper examines the vectors δ_p(L_k), where L_k is a k-dimensional subspace of an n-dimensional space, and the co-ordinates of δ_p(L_k) are given below by (1.1). For fixed k, the set of such vectors as L_k varies is determined for p=2. For general p, information is given on upper and lower bounds for the sum of the co-ordinates of δ_p(L_k). Dedicated to the sixtieth birthday of Prof. Edgar R. Lorch This research was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research under contract number Nonr 3775(09), NR 047040.     

Matrices with the edmonds—Johnson property

A matrixA=(a _ij ) has theEdmonds—Johnson property if, for each choice of integral vectorsd ₁,d ₂,b ₁,b ₂, the convex hull of the integral solutions ofd ₁≦x≦d ₂,b ₁≦Ax≦b ₂ is obtained by adding the inequalitiescx≦|δ|, wherec is an integral vector andcx≦δ holds for each solution ofd ₁≦x≦d ₂,b ₁≦Ax≦b ₂. We characterize the Edmonds—Johnson property for integral matricesA which satisfy for each (row index)i. A corollary is that ifG is an undirected graph which does not contain any homeomorph ofK ₄ in which all triangles ofK ₄ have become odd circuits, thenG ist-perfect. This extends results of Boulala, Fonlupt, Sbihi and Uhry. First author’s research supported by the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (Z.W.O.).     

Improved confidence set estimators of a multivariate normal mean and generalizations

Summary LetX be the observed vector of thep-variate (p≧3) normal distribution with mean θ and covariance matrix equal to the identity matrix. Denotey ₊=max{0,y} for any real numbery. We consider the confidence set estimator of θ of the formC _δa,φ={θ:|θ−δ^a,φ(X)}≦c}, whereδ ^a,φ=[1−aφ({X})/{X}²]₊X is the positive part of the Baranchik (1970,Ann. Math. Statist.,41, 642–645) estimator. We provide conditions on ϕ(•) anda which guarantee thatC _δa.φ has higher coverage probability than the usual one, {θ:|θ−X|≦c}. This dominance result will be shown to hold for spherically symmetric distributions, which include the normal distribution,t-distribution and double exponential distribution. The latter result generalizes that of Hwang and Chen (1983,Technical Report, Dept. of Math., Cornell University).     

An extension of a result of ribe

It is proved that for every 1≦p<∞, 1≦q<∞ and for every sequence {p _n}, 1≦p _n<∞,p _n→p, the spaceX=(Σ⊕l _{p n}) _q (resp.U=(Σ⊕L _{p n}(0, 1)) _q ) is uniformly homeomorphic toX⊕l _p (resp.U⊕L _p(0, 1)). This extends Ribe’s result from the casep=1 to generalp<∞ and thus provides examples of uniformly convex, uniformly homeomorphic Banach spaces which are not Lipschitz equivalent.     

Symmetric block bases of sequences with large average growth

We show that if 0<ε≦1, 1≦p<2 andx ₁, …,x _n is a sequence of unit vectors in a normed spaceX such thatE ‖∑ _l ⁿ ε_i x _l‖≧n ^1/p, then one can find a block basisy ₁, …,y _m ofx ₁, …,x _n which is (1+ε)-symmetric and has cardinality at leastγn ^2/p-1(logn)⁻¹, where γ depends on ε only. Two examples are given which show that this bound is close to being best possible. The first is a sequencex ₁, …,x _n satisfying the above conditions with no 2-symmetric block basis of cardinality exceeding 2n ^2/p-1. This sequence is not linearly independent. The second example is a sequence which satisfies a lowerp-estimate but which has no 2-symmetric block basis of cardinality exceedingCn ^2/p-1(logn)^4/3, whereC is an absolute constant. This applies when 1≦p≦3/2. Finally, we obtain improvements of the lower bound when the spaceX containing the sequence satisfies certain type-condition. These results extend results of Amir and Milman in [1] and [2]. We include an appendix giving a simple counterexample to a question about norm-attaining operators.     

l p n Superspaces of spans of independent random variables

We show that for 1 ≦p < ∞,p ≠ 2, ifɛ > 0 is small enough andX ≦L _p is the span ofn independent Rademacher functions orn independent Gaussian random variables, then any superspaceY ofX satisfyingd(Y,L _p ^m ) ≦ 1 +ɛ has dimension larger thanr ⁿ, wherer =r(ɛ, p) > 1. This forms part of the author’s doctoral dissertation prepared at Texas A&M University under the direction of Professor W. B. Johnson. Supported in part by NSF DMS-85 00764.     

Sopra le trasformazioni in sè della varietà di Jacobi relativa ad una curva di genere effettivo diverso dal genere virtuale,in ispecie nel caso di genere effettivo nullo

Sunto. Si precisa la natura del problema di determinare le trasformazioni in sè della varietà quasi abeliana diJacobi, relativa ad una curva di genere virtualeπ, ottenuta da una curva di genere effettivop considerando su questaδ ₁ coppie neutre a punti distinti eδ ₂ coppie neutre a punti coincidenti, in modo che siaπ=p+δ ₁+δ₂. Come nel coso abeliano (δ ₁=δ₂=0), tale problema ha un aspetto aritmetico, che si collega alla considerazione di relazioni, che generalizzano quelle note diHurwitz. Nel casop=0 si trovano tutte le trasformazioni in sè dellaV _π diJacobi, mostrando che queste costituiscono un gruppo formato sempre da infinite schiere ∞^π (tranne nel casoπ=δ ₁=1, δ₂=0), dipendenti da parametri in parte variabili in modo continuo ed in parte in modo discreto. Le trasformazioni sono tutte birazionali seδ ₁=0 oδ ₂=0, mentre seδ ₁ ≠ 0 eδ ₂ ≠ 0 si presentano anche trasformazioni trascendenti.     

Sums of almost equal prime cubes

We prove that almost all integers N satisfying some necessary congruence conditions are the sum of j almost equal prime cubes with j = 5; 6; 7; 8, i.e., N = p ₁³ + ... + p _j ³ with |p _i − (N/j)^1/3| ≦ $ N^{1/3 - \delta _j + \varepsilon } $ N^{1/3 - \delta _j + \varepsilon } (1 ≦ i ≦ j), for δ _j = 1/45; 1/30; 1/25; 2/45, respectively.     

Eventually areally meanp-valent functions

Theorems concerning areally meanp-valent functions are extended to eventually areally meanp-valent functions. In particular, suppose is eventually areally meanp-valent in the unit disc,b, c are positive integers,a≧max {p−1, 0}. If |a _n|≦Cn ^α for alln=bm+c,m=1, 2, …, then |a _n|≦C′n ^α for alln. This is a marked extension of results due to Goluzin and to Hayman.     

Unified characterizations for modifications ofR 0 andR 1 topological spaces

Cammaroto and Noiri [14] introduced a separation axiom calledm-R ₀ in anm-space (X, m). In this paper, we introduce the notion ofm-R ₁ spaces and offer many characterizations ofm-R ₀ (resp.m-R ₁) spaces which enable us to obtain unified characterizations of separation axiomsR ₀, semi-R ₀, pre-R ₀,α-R ₀,δ-semiR ₀, (δ, p)-R ₀ (resp.R ₁, semi-R ₁, pre-R ₁,α-R ₁,δ-semiR ₁, (δ, p)-R ₁).     

Lower bounds on the approximation of the multivariate empirical process

Summary It is well-known that ifC is the class of rectangles 0≦x ₁≦a ₁, 0≦x ₂≦a ₂ or the class of circular discs then the normalized empirical measure onC behaves like a Brownian bridge. Our main result shows that for these two classes the distances between the normalized empirical measure and the nearest Brownian measure have entirely different order of magnitudes.     

Intersection theorems with geometric consequences

In this paper we prove that ifℱ is a family ofk-subsets of ann-set, μ₀, μ₁, ..., μ_s are distinct residues modp (p is a prime) such thatk ≡ μ₀ (modp) and forF ≠ F′ ≠ℱ we have |F ∩F′| ≡ μ_i (modp) for somei, 1 ≦i≦s, then |ℱ|≦( _s ⁿ ). As a consequence we show that ifR ⁿ is covered bym sets withm<(1+o(1)) (1.2) ⁿ then there is one set within which all the distances are realised. It is left open whether the same conclusion holds for compositep.     

On the ternary goldbach problem with primes in independent arithmetic progressions

We show that for every fixed A > 0 and θ > 0 there is a ϑ = ϑ(A, θ) > 0 with the following property. Let n be odd and sufficiently large, and let Q ₁ = Q ₂:= n ^1/2(log n)^−ϑ and Q ₃:= (log n) ^θ . Then for all q ₃ ≦ Q ₃, all reduced residues a ₃ mod q ₃, almost all q ₂ ≦ Q ₂, all admissible residues a ₂ mod q ₂, almost all q ₁ ≦ Q ₁ and all admissible residues a ₁ mod q ₁, there exists a representation n = p ₁ + p ₂ + p ₃ with primes p _i ≡ a _i (q _i ), i = 1, 2, 3.      

On Hille-Tamarkin operators and Schatten classes

We determine the smallest Schatten class containing all integral operators with kernels inL _p(L_{p', q})^symm, where 2 <p∞ and 1≦q≦∞. In particular, we give a negative answer to a problem posed by Arazy, Fisher, Janson and Peetre in [1]. Supported in part by DGICYT (SAB-90-0033).     

Rearrangement invariant subspaces of Lorentz function spaces

The main result is that for 2≦q≦p<∞ the only subspaces of the Lorentz function spaceL _pq [0, 1] which are isomorphic to r.i. function spaces on [0, 1] are, up to equivalent renormings,L _pq [0, 1] andL ₂[0, 1].     

A new type of Littlewood-Paley partition

We define a partition of Z into intervals {I _j} and prove the Littlewood-Paley inequality ‖f‖ _p ≦C _p‖Sf‖ _p , 2≦p<∞. Heref is a function on [o, 2π) and . This is a new example of a partition having the Littlewood-Paley property since the {I _j} are not of the type obtained by iterating lacunary partitions finitely many times.     

On the Frattini normal embeddability of products ofp-groups

ItH _i is a finite non-abelianp-group with center of orderp, for 1≦j≦R, then the direct product of theH _i does not occur as a normal subgroup contained in the Frattini subgroup of any finitep-group. If the Frattini subgroup Φ of a finitep-groupG is cyclic or elementary abelian of orderp ², then the centralizer of Φ inG properly contains Φ. Non-embeddability properties of products of groups of order 16 are established.     

The almost cyclicity of the fundamental groups of positively curved manifolds

 Recall that a pure F-structure is a kind of generalized torus action. The main result asserts that if a compact positively curved manifold M ⁿ admits an invariant pure F-structure such that each orbit has positive dimension, then the fundamental group has a finite cyclic subgroup with index less than w _n , a constant depending only on n. As an application, we conclude that for all 0<δ≦1, the fundamental group of a δ-pinched n-manifold either has a cyclic subgroup with index less than w _n or has order less than w(n,δ), a constant depending only on n and δ. In particular, this substantially improves the main result in[Ro1]. Oblatum 1-IX-1995 & 26-I-1996     

Hua’s theorem for five almost equal prime squares

Let p_i, 1≦ i ≦ 5, be prime numbers. It is proved that every sufficiently large integer N that satisfies N ≡ 5(mod 24) can be written as N = p²₁ + p²₂ + p²₃ + p²₄ + p²₅, where Received: 10 February 2005     

Interior points of convex hulls

If a setX ⊂E ⁿ has non-emptyk-dimensional interior, or if some point isk-dimensional surrounded, then the classic theorem of E. Steinitz may be extended. For example ifX ⊂E ⁿ has int _k X ≠ 0, (0 ≦k≦n) and ifp ɛ int conX, thenp ɛ int conY for someY ⊂X with cardY≦2n−k+1.