乳酸配合物(NH4)2[Sr(C3H5O3)4]的晶体结构、Hirshfeld表面分析和溶液化学性质

合成了无水乳酸配合物(NH₄)₂[Sr(C₃H₅O₃)₄]。用X射线单晶衍射仪对该配合物的晶体结构进行了表征,确定了其组成、空间结构和配位方式。绘制了配合物的Hirshfeld表面和2D指纹图,揭示了分子间的相互作用以及该配合物具有多个配位位点和较强的配位活性。根据相关的晶体数据计算出了该配合物的晶格能及其对应阴离子的摩尔体积,计算得到该配合物的晶格能为2 742.9 kJ·mol^-1。用等温环境反应-溶解量热计测量了该配合物在298 K超纯水溶剂中的溶解焓。根据Pitzer电解质溶液理论,在298 K下获得了该配合物的无限稀释摩尔溶解焓Δ_sH_m^∞和Pitzer参数,确定该配合物的Δ_sH_m^∞为(114.01±0.04) kJ·mol^-1。计算了该配合物的表观相对摩尔焓(^ΦL)以及不同浓度下溶质和溶剂的相对偏摩尔焓(L₁和L₂)。最后,根据晶格能和Δ_sH_m^∞设计了热化学循环,并计算出了阴离子的水合焓值。热重和微商热重曲线进一步揭示了该配合物的结构。     

乳酸配合物(NH4)2[Sr(C3H5O3)4]的晶体结构、Hirshfeld表面分析和溶液化学性质

合成了无水乳酸配合物(NH₄)₂[Sr(C₃H₅O₃)₄]。用X射线单晶衍射仪对该配合物的晶体结构进行了表征,确定了其组成、空间结构和配位方式。绘制了配合物的Hirshfeld表面和2D指纹图,揭示了分子间的相互作用以及该配合物具有多个配位位点和较强的配位活性。根据相关的晶体数据计算出了该配合物的晶格能及其对应阴离子的摩尔体积,计算得到该配合物的晶格能为2742.9 kJ·mol^-1。用等温环境反应-溶解量热计测量了该配合物在298 K超纯水溶剂中的溶解焓。根据Pitzer电解质溶液理论,在298 K下获得了该配合物的无限稀释摩尔溶解焓△_sH_m^∞和Pitzer参数,确定该配合物的△_sH_m^∞为(114.01±0.04) kJ·mol^-1。计算了该配合物的表观相对摩尔焓(^ΦL)以及不同浓度下溶质和溶剂的相对偏摩尔焓(L₁和L₂)。最后,根据晶格能和△_sH_m^∞设计了热化学循环,并计算出了阴离子的水合焓值。热重和微商热重曲线进一步揭示了该配合物的结构。     

柔性配体构筑的三个构象多样的镧系羧酸配位聚合物:合成,结构和荧光性质

利用2,2''-(1,4-亚苯基)二(亚苯基)二(硫基)苯二羧酸(H₂L¹)和2,2''-(2,3,5,6-四甲基-1,4-亚苯基)二(亚甲基)二(硫基)苯二甲酸(H₂L²)2个柔性二羧酸分别与镧系金属盐反应,通过溶剂热方法合成了3个配位聚合物:{[(NH₂(CH₃)₂][Nd(L¹)₂(DMF)]·2DMF}_n(1)和{[Ln(L²)_1.5(H₂O)(DMF)₂]·2DMF}_n[Ln=Ce(2),Pr(3)]。利用元素分析、红外、粉末X射线衍射、热重分析等对配合物进行了表征。X射线单晶衍射分析表明:3个配合物均为二维的层状结构,并且2个配体在配合物中表现出不同的构象。(L¹)^2-在配合物1中表现出顺式和反式2种构象,(L2²)^2-在配合物2和3中仅表现出反式构象。此外,对配合物的热稳定性和荧光性质也进行了研究。     

四氯合锌酸正九烷铵的晶体结构及热化学性质

合成了四氯合锌酸正九烷铵复合物(C₉H₁₉NH₃)₂ZnCl₄(s) (C₉Zn(s)), 并使用X射线单晶衍射、化学分析以及元素分析确定了其晶体结构和化学组成. 利用其晶体学数据推导了C₉Zn(s)的晶格能U_POT=952.94 kJ·mol^-1. 在298.15 K下, 利用恒温环境溶解-反应热量计测定了C₉Zn(s)在不同质量摩尔浓度下的摩尔溶解焓. 在Pitzer电解质溶液理论基础上确定了C₉Zn(s)的无限稀释摩尔溶解焓Δ_sΗ_m^∞=20.09 kJ·mol^-1, 以及Pitzer焓参数组合(4β_C9H19NH3,Cl^(0)L+2β_Zn,Cl^(0)L+θ_C9H19NH3,Zn^L)和(2β_C9H19NH3,Cl^(1)L+β_Zn,Cl^(1)L)的值.     

配位化合物Zn(Met)3(NO3)2·H2O(s)(Met=L-α-蛋氨酸)的低温热容及标准摩尔生成焓

利用精密绝热热量仪测定了化合物配合物Zn(Met)₃(NO₃)₂·H₂O (s) (Met=L-α-蛋氨酸)在78-371 K温区的摩尔热容. 通过热容曲线解析, 得到了该配合物的起始脱水温度为T_D=325.10 K. 将该温区的摩尔热容实验值用最小二乘法拟合得到了摩尔热容(C_p)对约化温度(T)的多项式方程, 由此计算得到了配合物的舒平热容值和热力学函数值. 基于设计的热化学循环, 选择100 mL of 2 mol·L^-1 HCl为量热溶剂, 利用等温环境溶解-反应热量计, 得到了298.15 K配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为Δ_fH_m⁰[Zn(Met)₃(NO₃)₂·H₂O(s),s]=-(1472.65±0.76) J·mol^-1.     

稀土高氯酸盐-缬氨酸配合物[Sm2(L-α-Val)4(H2O)8](ClO4)6的低温热容和热化学研究

以高氯酸钐和缬氨酸为原料在蒸馏水中合成了一种稀土高氯酸盐-缬氨酸配合物[Sm₂(L-α-Val)₄(H₂O)₈](ClO₄)₆。利用TG/DTG、化学和元素分析、FTIR等技术表征了配合物的结构,确定其组成为：[Sm₂(L-α-Val)₄(H₂O)₈](ClO₄)₆。用精密绝热量热仪测量了它在78~371 K温区的热容,用最小二乘法将该温区的热容对温度进行拟合,得到了热容随温度变化的多项式方程。用此方程进行数值积分,得到每隔5 K的舒平热容值和相对于298.15 K的热力学函数值。根据TG/DTG结果,推测了该配合物的热分解机理。另外,依据Hess定律,通过设计合理的热化学循环,利用等温环境溶解-反应热量计分别测量量热反应的反应物和产物在所选溶剂中的溶解焓,从而确定反应的反应焓为：Δ_rH_m^?=(24.83±0.85) kJ·mol^-1。最后,利用反应的反应焓和其它反应物和产物已知的热力学数据计算出配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为：-(8 010.01± 3.90) kJ·mol^-1。     

稀土配合物[Pr(C3H7NO2)2(C3H4N2)(H2O)](ClO4)3的标准生成焓及热分解动力学研究

合成了高氯酸镨和咪唑(C₃H₄N₂), DL-α-丙氨酸(C₃H₇NO₂)混配配合物晶体. 经傅立叶变换红外光谱、化学分析和元素分析确定其组成为[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃. 使用具有恒温环境的溶解-反应量热计, 以2.0 mol•L^－1 HCl为量热溶剂, 在T＝(298.150±0.001) K时测定出化学反应PrCl₃•6H₂O(s)＋2C₃H₇NO₂(s)＋C₃H₄N₂(s)＋3NaClO₄(s)＝[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s)＋3NaCl(s)＋5H₂O(1)的标准摩尔反应焓为Δ_rH_m^ө＝(39.26±0.11) kJ•mol^－1. 根据盖斯定律, 计算出配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为Δ_fH_m^ө{[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s), 298.150 K}＝(－2424.2±3.3) kJ•mol^－1. 采用TG-DTG技术研究了配合物在流动高纯氮气(99.99%)气氛中的非等温热分解动力学, 运用微分法(Achar-Brindley-sharp和Kissinger法)和积分法(Satava-Sestak和Coats-Redfern法)对非等温动力学数据进行分析, 求得分解反应的表观活化能E＝108.9 kJ•mol^－1, 动力学方程式为dα/dt＝2(5.90×10⁸/3)(1－α)[－ln(1－α)]^－1exp(－108.9×10³/RT).     

离子液体C3MIBF4和C5MIBF4溶解焓的研究

在298.15 K下利用等温环境溶解反应热量计测定了离子液体C₃MIBF₄(四氟硼酸1-甲基-3-丙基咪唑)和C₅MIBF₄(四氟硼酸1-甲基-3-戊基咪唑)不同浓度水溶液的摩尔溶解焓(Δ_sH_m). 借助Pitzer电解质溶液理论, 得到了它们的标准摩尔溶解焓 和Pitzer焓参数: 和 , 并计算了表观相对摩尔焓. 根据Glasser理论计算了离子液体晶格能, 进而估算了离子液体C₅MIBF₄和C₃MIBF₄中正离子的水化焓分别为－171 kJ•mol^－1 (C₅MI^＋)和－207 kJ•mol^－1 (C₃MI^＋).     

离子液体C3MIBF4和C5MIBF4溶解焓的研究

在298.15 K下利用等温环境溶解反应热量计测定了离子液体C₃MIBF₄(四氟硼酸1-甲基-3-丙基咪唑)和C₅MIBF₄(四氟硼酸1-甲基-3-戊基咪唑)不同浓度水溶液的摩尔溶解焓(Δ_sH_m). 借助Pitzer电解质溶液理论, 得到了它们的标准摩尔溶解焓 和Pitzer焓参数: 和 , 并计算了表观相对摩尔焓. 根据Glasser理论计算了离子液体晶格能, 进而估算了离子液体C₅MIBF₄和C₃MIBF₄中正离子的水化焓分别为－171 kJ•mol^－1 (C₅MI^＋)和－207 kJ•mol^－1 (C₃MI^＋).     

稀土配合物[Pr(C3H7NO2)2(C3H4N2)(H2O)](ClO4)3的标准生成焓及热分解动力学研究

合成了高氯酸镨和咪唑(C₃H₄N₂), DL-α-丙氨酸(C₃H₇NO₂)混配配合物晶体. 经傅立叶变换红外光谱、化学分析和元素分析确定其组成为[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃. 使用具有恒温环境的溶解-反应量热计, 以2.0 mol•L^－1 HCl为量热溶剂, 在T＝(298.150±0.001) K时测定出化学反应PrCl₃•6H₂O(s)＋2C₃H₇NO₂(s)＋C₃H₄N₂(s)＋3NaClO₄(s)＝[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s)＋3NaCl(s)＋5H₂O(1)的标准摩尔反应焓为Δ_rH_m^ө＝(39.26±0.11) kJ•mol^－1. 根据盖斯定律, 计算出配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为Δ_fH_m^ө{[Pr(C₃H₇NO₂)₂(C₃H₄N₂)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₃(s), 298.150 K}＝(－2424.2±3.3) kJ•mol^－1. 采用TG-DTG技术研究了配合物在流动高纯氮气(99.99%)气氛中的非等温热分解动力学, 运用微分法(Achar-Brindley-sharp和Kissinger法)和积分法(Satava-Sestak和Coats-Redfern法)对非等温动力学数据进行分析, 求得分解反应的表观活化能E＝108.9 kJ•mol^－1, 动力学方程式为dα/dt＝2(5.90×10⁸/3)(1－α)[－ln(1－α)]^－1exp(－108.9×10³/RT).     

Thermochemical properties of RE (Gly)4 Im (ClO4) 3 2H2O (RE = La,Pr, Nd,Sm, Eu)

The enthalpies of solution in water for five new light rare earth ternary complexes RE(Gly)₄Im(ClO₄)₃ 2H₂O (RE = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu; Gly‐glycine; Im‐imidazole) were measured by means of a Calvet microcalorimeter. The empirical formula of enthalpy of solution (Δ_solH), relative apparent molar enthalpy (πL_i), relative partial molar enthalpy (L_i) and enthalpy of dilution (Δ_dllH_1,2) were drawn up by the data of enthalpies of solution of these complexes. From three plots of the values of standard enthalpy of solution Δ_sol H?, πL_i, L_i) versus the values of ionic radius (r) of the light rare earth elements, the grouping effect of lanthanide was observed, showing that the coordination bond between rare earth ion and ligand possesses a certain extent of the property of a covalent bond. The standard enthalpies of solution in water of similar complexes, Ce(Gly)₄Im(ClO₄)₃.2H₂O were estimated according to the plot of Δ_solH?, versus r.     

Solution-reaction Calorimetric Study of Coordination Compounds of Rare Earth Perchlorates with Alanine and Imidazole

Introduction Since Anghileri firstly reported that complex of LaCl3 with glycine had the antitumor function in 1975,1 coordination compounds of rare earth with amino acid have attracted increasing attention.2-4 People have found that some compounds of rare earth with amino acids possess disinfection, elimination of inflammation, de-crease of the level of blood sugar and anti-cruor func-tions. Imidazole is a wreath compound, and presents unique biological activities. Ternary coordination com-…     

白硼钙石的合成新方法及其热化学研究(英)

0IntroductionTherearemanykindsofhydratedcalciumbo-rates,bothnaturalandsynthetic.Someofthemarematerialsusedinglass,potteryandporcelainenamelindustry,especiallyinunalkaliglassindustry.4CaO·5B2O3·7H2O,calledpriceite,isacalciumboratemin-eral,notfoundinCaO-B…     

Saturation molalities and standard molar enthalpies of solution of cytidine(cr), hypoxanthine(cr), thymidine(cr), thymine(cr), uridine(cr), and xanthine(cr) in H2O(l)

Saturation molalities m(sat) in H₂O(l) have been measured for the substances cytidine(cr), hypoxanthine(cr), thymidine(cr), thymine(cr), uridine(cr), and xanthine(cr) by using h.p.l.c. The states of hydration were established by performing Karl-Fischer analyses on samples of these substances, which had been allowed to equilibrate with their respective aqueous saturated solutions for several days at T≈298 K and then dried with air at T≈296 K for ≈24 h. The crystalline forms of the substances were identified by comparison of the results of X-ray diffraction measurements with results from the literature. Also, molar enthalpies of solution Δ_solH_m(cal) for these substances were measured by using an isoperibol solution calorimeter. A self-association (stacking) model was used to estimate values of the activity coefficients γ and relative apparent molar enthalpies L_φ for these substances. These γ and L_φ values were used to adjust the measured values of m(sat) and Δ_solH_m(cal) to the standard state and thus obtain values of the standard molar Gibbs free energy Δ_solG^∘_m and enthalpy changes Δ_solH_m^∘ for the dissolution reactions of these substances. The values of the pKs and of the standard molar enthalpies of the ionization reactions were also used to account for speciation of the substances in the calculations of Δ_solG_m^∘ and Δ_solH_m^∘. Values of standard molar enthalpies of formation Δ_fH_m^∘, standard molar Gibbs free energies of formation Δ_fG_m^∘, and standard partial molar entropies S_2,m^∘ for the aqueous species of hypoxanthine and xanthine were calculated. A detailed summary and comparison of thermodynamic results from the literature for these substances is presented.     

Studies of Thermochemical Properties of a New Ionic Liquid Prepared by Mixing 1-Methyl- 3-Pentylimidazolium Chloride with InCl3

A new ionic liquid, PMIInCl₄, was prepared by mixing 1-methyl-3-pentylimidazolium chloride (PMIC) with InCl₃. The molar enthalpies of solution of PMIC and PMIInCl₄ in water to form solutions at various molalities were determined at 298.15 K using an isoperibol calorimeter. Using Pitzer's electrolyte solution model, the molar enthalpies of solution of PMIC and PMIInCl₄ at infinite dilution, Δ_sol H^_m, and Pitzer's ion-interaction parameters β_MX ^(0)L, β_MX ^(1)L and C_MX ^ϕL, were derived. The values of the apparent relative molar enthalpy L and relative partial molar enthalpy of the solutes (PMIC and PMIInCl₄), , were subsequently calculated. Using the values of Δ_sol H^_m of PMIC, PMIInCl₄ and InCl₃, the enthalpy change, Δ_r<H=−38.19kJ·;mol^-1, was calculated for the reaction PMIC + InCl₃ → PMIInCl₄     

Cocrystallization of energetic Mn(II) complex with nitrogen-rich ligand SCZ and oxygen-rich ligand TNR

Based on the advantages of energetic complexes and cocrystallization, a novel energetic complex cocrystal [Mn(SCZ)₃](TNR) (H₂O)?·?[Mn(SCZ)₂(H₂O)(TNR)](H₂O) (SCZ: semicarbazide, TNR: 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol) was synthesized through a one-step reaction. This cocrystal contains equal units of [Mn(SCZ)₂(H₂O)(TNR)](H₂O) and [Mn(SCZ)₃]TNR(H₂O). The molecules of the two units arrange mutually crosswise in the cocrystal and the benzene rings of TNR can form one-dimensional self-assemblies through π-π stacking. The thermal decomposition of the cocrystal is complicated with one endothermic process and three exothermic processes in the DSC curve. The complex [Mn(SCZ)₂(H₂O)(TNR)]?·?3(H₂O) was synthesized and the temperature of the major exothermic peak of the cocrystal is higher than observed for this complex.     

Studies on synthesis, characterization and thermochemistry of Mg2[B2O4(OH)2]·H2O

A new magnesium borate Mg₂[B₂O₄(OH)₂]·H₂O has been synthesized by the method of phase transformation of double salt at hydrothermal condition and characterized by XRD, IR, TG and DSC. The enthalpy of solution of Mg₂[B₂O₄(OH)₂]·H₂O in 0.9764 mol L^–1 HCl was determined. With the incorporation of the enthalpies of solution of H₃BO₃ in HCl (aq), of MgO in (HCl+H₃BO₃) (aq), and the standard molar enthalpies of formation of MgO(s), H₃BO₃(s), and H₂O(l), the standard molar enthalpy of formation of –(3185.78±1.91) kJ mol^–1 of Mg₂[B₂O₄(OH)₂]·H₂O was obtained.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ein isoperiboles lösungskalorimeter zur messung von lösungsenthalpien der doppelchloride des magnesiums

For measuring solution enthalpies of the strong hygroscopic double chlorides, an isoperibol solution calorimeter was built. Samples of 2–5 g could be solved to a molar dilution 1 : 3000. The temperature difference between reaction vessel and thermostat was measured by a thermopile; the temperature of the thermostat was constant to 2 · 10^?4°C. From the molar enthalpies of solution (ΔH^L), enthalpies for the reactions nACl + MCl₂ = A_sMCl(_{s + 2}) were calculated: ΔHP^R = ? ΔH^L (double chloride) + ΔH^L(n Cl) + ΔH^L(MCL₂) These values are relatively small: about ? 50 kJ for the Cs-compounds, nearly zero for the K- and Na-compounds.     

Rapid Thermolysis Studies of [Pb2（TNR）2（CHZ）2（H2O）2]·4H2O and Cd（CHZ）2（TNR）（H2O）

T-jump/FT-IR spectroscopy was used to study the rapid thermal decomposition activity of [Pb2（TNR）2（CHZ）2（H2O）2]·4H2O and Cd（CHZ）2（TNR）（H2O） under 0.1 MPa Ar atmosphere. The results show that the main gaseous products of [Pb2（TNR）2（CHZ）2（H2O）2]·4H2O are NH3, H2O and HONO, while CO and NO are the major gaseous products of flash pyrolysis of Cd（CHZ）2（TNR）（H2O）. Thus Cd（CHZ）2（TNR）（H2O） is not an eco-friendly and chemically compatible primary explosive. Both compounds liberate volatile metal carbonate, oxide and isocyanate compounds. The combustion temperature and products of the two compounds were calculated by Real code. The results of theoretical calculation show that the combustion temperature of [Pb2（TNR）2（CHZ）2（H2O）2].4H2O is higher than that of Cd（CHZ）2（TNR）（H2O）, there is no HNCO in the combus- tion products and the amount of NO is less than the experiment result from T-jump/FTIR.     

Saturation molalities and standard molar enthalpies of solution of adenosine(cr), guanosine · 2H2O(cr), inosine(cr), and xanthosine · 2H2O(cr) in H2O(l)

Saturation molalities m(sat) in H₂O(l) have been measured for the substances adenosine(cr), guanosine · 2H₂O(cr), inosine(cr), and xanthosine · 2H₂O(cr) over the temperature range T=287.91 K to T=308.18 K by using h.p.l.c. The indicated states of hydration of these substances were established by performing Karl–Fischer analyses of samples of these substances which had been equilibrated over H₂O(l) and of samples obtained by passing air over the wet crystals (air dried samples). The crystalline phases of these substances were identified by comparison of the results of X-ray diffraction measurements with results from the literature. Molar enthalpies of solution Δ_solH_m for adenosine(cr) and inosine(cr) were measured by using an isoperibol solution calorimeter. A “stacking” or “self-association” model was used to estimate values of the activity coefficients γ and relative apparent molar enthalpies L_φ for these substances. These γ and L_φ values were used to adjust the measured values of m(sat) and Δ_solH_m to the standard state and obtain values of the standard molar Gibbs free energy and enthalpy changes Δ_solG^∘_m and Δ_solH^∘_m, respectively, for the dissolution reactions of these substances. Values of Δ_solH^∘_m calculated from the temperature dependence of values of Δ_solG^∘_m were in good agreement with the values of Δ_solH^∘_m obtained by using calorimetry.