Global Well-Posedness for the Heat-conductive Incompressible Viscous Fluids

This paper is concerned with the Cauchy problem derived from the non-stationary motion of heat-conducting incompressible viscous fluids in three-dimensional whole space, where the viscosity and heat-conductivity coefficient vary with the temperature. We establish blow-up criteria and existence of global strong solution provided that the initial data is small enough.     

Existence of Global Weak Solutions for a 2D Viscous Shallow Water Equations and Convergence to the Quasi-Geostrophic Model

 We consider a two dimensional viscous shallow water model with friction term. Existence of global weak solutions is obtained and convergence to the strong solution of the viscous quasi-geostrophic equation with free surface term is proven in the well prepared case. The ill prepared data case is also discussed. Received: 4 October 2002 / Accepted: 22 January 2003 Published online: 28 May 2003 Communicated by P. Constantin     

Contour Dynamics of Incompressible 3-D Fluids in a Porous Medium with Different Densities

We consider the problem of the evolution of the interface given by two incompressible fluids through a porous medium, which is known as the Muskat problem and in two dimensions it is mathematically analogous to the two-phase Hele–Shaw cell. We focus on a fluid interface given by a jump of densities, being the equation of the evolution obtained using Darcy’s law. We prove local well-posedness when the smaller density is above (stable case) and in the unstable case we show ill-posedness.     

Added Mass in a Model of a Viscous Incompressible Fluid

Doklady Physics - It is proved that, with the same instantaneous distribution of the flow velocity of a viscous incompressible fluid, the forces acting on a body moving with acceleration and the...     

Bulk Viscous Cosmological Model with Interacting Dark Fluids

We study a cosmological model for a spatially flat Universe whose constituents are a dark energy field and a matter field comprising baryons and dark matter. The constituents are assumed to interact with each other, and a non-equilibrium pressure is introduced to account for irreversible processes. We take the non-equilibrium pressure to be proportional to the Hubble parameter within the framework of a first-order thermodynamic theory. The dark energy and matter fields are coupled by their barotropic indexes, which depend on the ratio between their energy densities. We adjust the free parameters of the model to optimize the fits to the Hubble parameter data. We compare the viscous model with the non-viscous one, and show that the irreversible processes cause the dark-energy and matter-density parameters to become equal and the decelerated–accelerated transition to occur at earlier times. Furthermore, the density and deceleration parameters and the distance modulus have the correct behavior, consistent with a viable scenario of the present status of the Universe.     

A Weakly Nonlinear Model for Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in Incompressible Fluids

A weakly nonlinear model is proposed for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in two-dimensional incompressible fluids by expanding the perturbation velocity potential to third order. The third-order harmonic generation effects of single-mode perturbation are analyzed, as well as the nonlinear correction to the exponential growth of the fundamental modulation. The weakly nonlinear results are supported by numerical simulations. Density and resonance effects exist in the development of mode coupling.     

Local Existence of Solutions of Self Gravitating Relativistic Perfect Fluids

This paper deals with the evolution of the Einstein gravitational fields which are coupled to a perfect fluid. We consider the Einstein–Euler system in asymptotically flat spacestimes and therefore use the condition that the energy density might vanish or tend to zero at infinity, and that the pressure is a fractional power of the energy density. In this setting we prove local in time existence, uniqueness and well-posedness of classical solutions. The zero order term of our system contains an expression which might not be a C ^∞ function and therefore causes an additional technical difficulty. In order to achieve our goals we use a certain type of weighted Sobolev space of fractional order. In Brauer and Karp (J Diff Eqs 251:1428–1446, 2011) we constructed an initial data set for these of systems in the same type of weighted Sobolev spaces. We obtain the same lower bound for the regularity as Hughes et al. (Arch Ratl Mech Anal 63(3):273–294, 1977) got for the vacuum Einstein equations. However, due to the presence of an equation of state with fractional power, the regularity is bounded from above.     

Weighted Regularity Criteria of Weak Solutions to the Incompressible 3D MHD Equations

In this paper, we investigate regularity conditions of the weighted type for weak solutions to the incompressible 3D MHD equations.     

Weak Solutions of General Systems of Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

 In this paper, we establish the existence theory for general system of hyperbolic conservation laws and obtain the uniform L ₁ boundness for the solutions. The existence theory generalizes the classical Glimm theory for systems, for which each characteristic field is either genuinely nonlinear or linearly degenerate in the sense of Lax. We construct the solutions by the Glimm scheme through the wave tracing method. One of the key elements is a new way of measuring the potential interaction of the waves of the same characteristic family involving the angle between waves. A new analysis is introduced to verify the consistency of the wave tracing procedure. The entropy functional is used to study the L ₁ boundedness. Received: 16 October 2001 / Accepted: 8 May 2002 Published online: 4 September 2002 RID="★" ID="★" The research was supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-9803323. RID="★★" ID="★★" The research was supported in part by the RGC Competitive Earmarked Research Grant CityU 1032/98P.     

Nonlinear Dynamics in a Nonextensive Complex Plasma with Viscous Electron Fluids

Cylindrical and spherical dust-electron-acoustic(DEA) shock waves and double layers in an unmagnetized,collisionless,complex or dusty plasma system are carried out.The plasma system is assumed to be composed of inertial and viscous cold electron fluids,nonextensive distributed hot electrons,Maxwellian ions,and negatively charged stationary dust grains.The standard reductive perturbation technique is used to derive the nonlinear dynamical equations,that is,the nonplanar Burgers equation and the nonplanar further Burgers equation.They are also numerically analyzed to investigate the basic features of shock waves and double layers(DLs).It is observed that the roles of the viscous cold electron fluids,nonextensivity of hot electrons,and other plasma parameters in this investigation have significantly modified the basic features(such as,polarity,amplitude and width) of the nonplanar DEA shock waves and DLs.It is also observed that the strength of the shock is maximal for the spherical geometry,intermediate for cylindrical geometry,while it is minimal for the planar geometry.The findings of our results obtained from this theoretical investigation may be useful in understanding the nonlinear phenomena associated with the nonplanar DEA waves in both space and laboratory plasmas.     

A Maximum Principle for the Muskat Problem for Fluids with Different Densities

We study the fluid interface problem given by two incompressible fluids with different densities evolving by Darcy’s law. This scenario is known as the Muskat problem for fluids with the same viscosities, being in two dimensions mathematically analogous to the two-phase Hele-Shaw cell. We prove in the stable case (the denser fluid is below) a maximum principle for the L ^∞ norm of the free boundary.     

Weak and Strong Connectivity Regimes for a General Time Elapsed Neuron Network Model

For large fully connected neuron networks, we study the dynamics of homogenous assemblies of interacting neurons described by time elapsed models. Under general assumptions on the firing rate which include the ones made in previous works (Pakdaman et al. in Nonlinearity 23(1):55–75, 2010; SIAM J Appl Math 73(3):1260–1279, 2013, Mischler and Weng in Acta Appl Math, 2015), we establish accurate estimate on the long time behavior of the solutions in the weak and the strong connectivity regime both in the case with and without delay. Our results improve (Pakdaman et al. 2010, 2013) where a less accurate estimate was established and Mischler and Weng (2015) where only smooth firing rates were considered. Our approach combines several arguments introduced in the above previous works as well as a slightly refined version of the Weyl’s and spectral mapping theorems presented in Voigt (Monatsh Math 90(2):153–161, 1980) and Mischler and Scher (Ann Inst H Poincaré Anal Non Linéaire 33(3):849–898, 2016).     

Blow-up of Smooth Solutions to the Cauchy Problem for the Viscous Two-Phase Model

In this paper, we will show the blow-up of smooth solutions to the Cauchy problem for the viscous two-phase model in arbitrary dimensions under some restrictions on the initial data. The key of the proof is finding the relations between some physical quantities and establishing some inequalities.     

Global Weak Solutions for a Shallow Water Equation

We show the existence and uniqueness of global weak solutions for an equation describing the motion of waves at the free surface of shallow water under the influence of gravity. Received: 26 June 1999 / Accepted: 21 October 1999     

On the Cauchy Problem of the Vlasov-Poisson-BGK System: Global Existence of Weak Solutions

Global-in-time existence of weak solutions to the Cauchy problem of the three dimensional Vlasov-Poisson-BGK system is shown for initial data belonging to the space L ^p (ℝ³×ℝ³) with p>9 and having finite second order velocity moments. This result solves partially the well-posed problem for the Vlasov-Poisson-BGK system proposed by B. Perthame: “Higher moments for kinetic equations: the Vlasov-Poisson and Fokker-Planck cases,” Math. Meth. Appl. Sci. 13:441–452, 1990.     

Exact Solutions of One-Dimensional N-Component Bariev Model with General Boundary Conditions

The N-component Bariev model for correlated hopping with open boundary conditions in one dimension is studied in the framework of coordinate Bethe ansatz method. The energy spectrum, integrable boundary conditions and the corresponding Bethe ansatz equations are derived.     

Existence of Multi-string Solutions of the Gauged Harmonic Map Model

The gauged harmonic map model is coupled with gravity in (2 + 1)-dimensional Minkowski space. We prove that the existence of finite energy solutions of the model for arbitrary location of strings for small gravitational constant. We also prove the energy is quantized, while the magnetic flux may assume any prescribed value in an open interval, and is not quantized.     

Existence of Solutions to Hyperbolic Conservation Laws with a Source

Existence of solutions to three different systems of Eqs. (1.1), (1.2) and (1.3) coming from physically relevant models is shown, each needing a different proof which are given in Sects. 2, 3 and 4. The unifying theme is the presence of source terms and the general method of proof is vanishing viscosity together with compensated compactness. For system (1.2) entropy-entropy flux pairs of Lax type are constructed and estimates from singular perturbation theory of ODEs are used. For (1.1) and (1.3) weak entropy-entropy flux pairs are constructed following the compensated compactness framework set up by Diperna [4]. Received: 19 July 1995 / Accepted: 3 December 1996