A simple model for investigating the chiral condensate behavior at finite temperatures on a lattice with maximal anisotropy

We evaluate the fermionic determinant in a simple lattice model of quantum chromodynamics. We analyze the behavior of the chiral condensate in the domains of asymptotically large (m≫T) and asymptotically small (m≪T) quark masses. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 121, No. 3, pp. 436–449, December, 1999.     

Superstrings,Cantorian-fractal Spacetime and Quantum-like Chaos in Atmospheric Flows

Atmospheric flows exhibit long-range spatiotemporal correlations manifested as the fractal geometry to the global cloud cover pattern concomitant with the inverse power law form for spectra of temporal fluctuations. Such non-local connections are ubiquitous to dynamical systems in nature and are identified as signatures of self-organized criticality. A recently developed cell dynamical system model for atmospheric flows predicts the observed self-organized criticality as a natural consequence of quantum-like mechanics governing flow dynamics. The model is based on the concept that spatial integration of enclosed small scale fluctuations results in the formation of large eddy circulations. The model predicts the following: (a) The flow structure consists of an overall logarithmic spiral trajectory with the quasiperiodic Penrose tiling pattern for the internal structure. (b) Conventional power spectrum analysis will resolve such spiral trajectories as a continuum of eddies with progressive increase in phase. (c) Increments in phase are concomitant with increases in period length and also represent the variance, a characteristic of quantum systems identified as Berrys phase. (d) The universal algorithm for self-organized criticality is expressed in terms of the universal Feigenbaum constants, a and d, as 2a²=πd, where the fractional volume intermittency of occurrence πd contributes to the total variance 2a² of fractal structures. (e) The Feigenbaum constants are expressed as functions of the golden mean. ( f) The quantum mechanical constants fine structure constant and ratio of proton mass to electron mass, which are pure numbers and are obtained by experimental observations only, are now derived in terms of the Feigenbaum constant, a. (g) Atmospheric flow structure follows Keplers third law of planetary motion. Therefore, Newtons inverse square law for gravitation also applies to eddy masses. The centripetal acceleration representing the inertial masses (of eddies) are equivalent to gravitational masses. The fractal-Cantorian structure of spacetime can also be visualized as a nested continuum of vortex (eddy) circulations, whose inertial masses obey Newtons inverse square law of gravitation. The model concept resembles a superstring model for subatomic dynamics which incorporates gravitational forces.     

The small quantum cohomology of a weighted projective space, a mirror D-module and their classical limits

We first describe a mirror partner (B-model) of the small quantum orbifold cohomology of weighted projective spaces (A-model) in the framework of differential equations: we attach to the A-model (resp. B-model) a quantum differential system (that is a trivial bundle equipped with a suitable flat meromorphic connection and a flat bilinear form) and we give an explicit isomorphism between these two quantum differential systems. On the A-side (resp. on the B-side), the quantum differential system alluded to is naturally produced by the small quantum cohomology (resp. a solution of the Birkhoff problem for the Brieskorn lattice of a Landau–Ginzburg model). Then we study the degenerations of these quantum differential systems and we apply our results to the construction of (classical, limit, logarithmic) Frobenius manifolds.     

The Possibility of Forming Coupled Pairs in the Periodic Anderson Model

We investigate the generalized periodic Anderson model describing two groups of strongly correlated (d- and f-) electrons with local hybridization of states and d-electron hopping between lattice sites from the standpoint of the possible appearance of coupled electron pairs in it. The atomic limit of this model admits an exact solution based on the canonical transformation method. The renormalized energy spectrum of the local model is divided into low- and high-energy parts separated by an interval of the order of the Coulomb electron-repulsion energy. The projection of the Hamiltonian on the states in the low-energy part of the spectrum leads to pair-interaction terms appearing for electrons belonging to d- and f-orbitals and to their possible tunneling between these orbitals. In this case, the terms in the Hamiltonian that are due to ion energies and electron hopping are strongly correlated and can be realized only between states that are not twice occupied. The resulting Hamiltonian no longer involves strong couplings, which are suppressed by quantum fluctuations of state hybridization. After linearizing this Hamiltonian in the mean-field approximation, we find the quasiparticle energy spectrum and outline a method for attaining self-consistency of the order parameters of the superconducting phase. For simplicity, we perform all calculations for a symmetric Anderson model in which the energies of twice occupied d- and f-orbitals are assumed to be the same.     

Spectrum of the three-particle Schr?dinger operator on a one-dimensional lattice

We consider a system of three arbitrary quantum particles on a one-dimensional lattice interacting pairwise via attractive contact potentials. We prove that the discrete spectrum of the corresponding Schr?dinger operator is finite for all values of the total quasimomentum in the case where the masses of two particles are finite. We show that the discrete spectrum of the Schr?dinger operator is infinite in the case where the masses of two particles in a three-particle system are infinite.     

一维半导体量子能量输运模型稳态解的唯一性

本文研究了一维半导体稳态量子能量输运模型的古典解.利用一些不等式技巧证明了当晶格温度充分大且电流密度较小时其解是唯一的,这在文献[3]中没有得到.     

The standing wave model of the mesons and baryons

Only photons are needed to explain the masses of the π⁰, η, Λ, Σ⁰, Ξ⁰, Ω⁻, Λ_c⁺, Σ_c⁰, Ξ_c⁰ and Ω_c⁰ mesons and baryons with the sum of the energies contained in the frequencies of standing electromagnetic waves in a cubic black body. Only neutrinos are needed to explain the mass of the π^± mesons with the sum of the energies of standing oscillations of muon and electron neutrinos in a cubic lattice plus the energies contained in the rest masses of the neutrinos. Neutrinos and photons are needed to explain the masses of the K^± mesons. Surprisingly the mass of the μ^± mesons can also be explained without an additional assumption by the oscillation energies and rest masses of a neutrino lattice. From the difference of the masses of the π^± mesons and μ^± mesons we find that the rest mass of the muon neutrino is 47.5 meV/c². From the difference of the masses of the neutron and proton we find that the rest mass of the electron neutrino is 0.55 meV/c². The potential of the weak force between the lattice points can be determined from Born’s lattice theory. From the weak force between the lattice points follows automatically the existence of a strong force between the sides of two lattices. The strong nuclear force is the sum of the unsaturated weak forces at the sides of each lattice and is therefore about 10⁶ times stronger than the weak force.     

Two-component liquid model for the quark-gluon plasma

We discuss a two-component liquid model for the quark-gluon plasma. We show that the model explains the basic experimental observations of the plasma properties naturally on the qualitative level. From the standpoint of the dynamics, the model assumes the existence of an effective scalar field with a nonzero vacuum expectation value. The hypothesis that such a condensate exists is supported by lattice data. We formulate the kind of lattice data that would yield a possible verification of the model.     

Effectiveness in RPL, with applications to continuous logic

In this paper, we introduce a foundation for computable model theory of rational Pavelka logic (an extension of ?ukasiewicz logic) and continuous logic, and prove effective versions of some related theorems in model theory. We show how to reduce continuous logic to rational Pavelka logic. We also define notions of computability and decidability of a model for logics with computable, but uncountable, set of truth values; we show that provability degree of a formula with respect to a linear theory is computable, and use this to carry out an effective Henkin construction. Therefore, for any effectively given consistent linear theory in continuous logic, we effectively produce its decidable model. This is the best possible, since we show that the computable model theory of continuous logic is an extension of computable model theory of classical logic. We conclude with noting that the unique separable model of a separably categorical and computably axiomatizable theory (such as that of a probability space or an L^p Banach lattice) is decidable.     

Deflated GMRES for systems with multiple shifts and multiple right-hand sides

We consider solution of multiply shifted systems of nonsymmetric linear equations, possibly also with multiple right-hand sides. First, for a single right-hand side, the matrix is shifted by several multiples of the identity. Such problems arise in a number of applications, including lattice quantum chromodynamics where the matrices are complex and non-Hermitian. Some Krylov iterative methods such as GMRES and BiCGStab have been used to solve multiply shifted systems for about the cost of solving just one system. Restarted GMRES can be improved by deflating eigenvalues for matrices that have a few small eigenvalues. We show that a particular deflated method, GMRES-DR, can be applied to multiply shifted systems.In quantum chromodynamics, it is common to have multiple right-hand sides with multiple shifts for each right-hand side. We develop a method that efficiently solves the multiple right-hand sides by using a deflated version of GMRES and yet keeps costs for all of the multiply shifted systems close to those for one shift. An example is given showing this can be extremely effective with a quantum chromodynamics matrix.     

Quantum Spacetime,Quantum Geometry and Planck scales

The Principles of Quantum Mechanics and of Classical General Relativity indicate that Spacetime in the small (Planck scale) ought to be described by a noncommutative C* Algebra, implementing spacetime uncertainty relations. A model C* algebra of Quantum Spacetime and its Quantum Geometry is described. Interacting Quantum Field Theory on such a background is discussed, with open problems and recent progress. Applications to cosmology suggest that the Planck scale ought to depend upon dynamics, and possible consequences in the large of the quantum structure in the small are outlined.     

Protein Conformation of a Lattice Model Using Tabu Search

We apply tabu search techniques to the problem of determining the optimal configuration of a chain of protein sequences on a cubic lattice. The problem under study is difficult to solve because of the large number of possible conformations and enormous amount of computations required. Tabu search is an iterative heuristic procedure which has been shown to be a remarkably effective method for solving combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, an algorithm is designed for the cubic lattice model using tabu search. The algorithm has been tested on a chain of 27 monomers. Computational results show that our method outperforms previously reported approaches for the same model.     

Yang-Baxter algebra and generation of quantum integrable models

We discover an operator-deformed quantum algebra using the quantum Yang-Baxter equation with the trigonometric R-matrix. This novel Hopf algebra together with its q→1 limit seems the most general Yang-Baxter algebra underlying quantum integrable systems. We identify three different directions for applying this algebra in integrable systems depending on different sets of values of the deforming operators. Fixed values on the whole lattice yield subalgebras linked to standard quantum integrable models, and the associated Lax operators generate and classify them in a unified way. Variable values yield a new series of quantum integrable inhomogeneous models. Fixed but different values at different lattice sites can produce a novel class of integrable hybrid models including integrable matter-radiation models and quantum field models with defects, in particular, a new quantum integrable sine-Gordon model with defect. __________ Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 151, No. 3, pp. 470–485, June, 2007.     

Asymptotic model of fields in a thin-walled structure with crack-like defects

The transition from two-dimensional (2D) wave propagation throughthe square periodic structure in anti-plane shear time-harmoniccase to a discretised model of a 2D lattice with masses connectedby springs is considered. A model of a defect in the middlepart of the thin-walled bridges is presented. As a first partof the asymptotic model, the effective transmission conditionin the vicinity of the transverse cut of the thin-walled bridgesis discussed. Then, a boundary layer determining the asymptoticexpansion of the field near the tip of the crack is constructed.Stress intensity factors are evaluated for deep cracks in thejunction regions. The corresponding boundary layer analysisis non-trivial and has not been attempted elsewhere.     

Macroscopic wave propagation for 2D lattice with random masses

We consider a simple two-dimensional harmonic lattice with random, independent, and identically distributed masses. Using the methods of stochastic homogenization, we prove that solutions with initial data, which varies slowly relative to the lattice spacing, converge in an appropriate sense to solutions of an effective wave equation. The convergence is strong and almost sure. In addition, the role of the lattice's dimension in the rate of convergence is discussed. The technique combines energy estimates with powerful classical results about sub-Gaussian random variables.     

A relativistic quark model of mesons

We propose a relativistic quantum model to describe mesons comprising a quark and an antiquark with arbitrary masses. The Dirac equations describe the quarks, and the rigid string approximation accounts for the gluon field contribution. The model fits the meson spectra well and determines the masses of the s-, c-, and b-quarks and the relativistic wave functions of compound mesons. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Mathematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 116, No. 2, pp. 225–247, August, 1998.     

Liouville's equation and the lattice sinh-Gordon model

The equivalence of the Liouville lattice model and the massless version of the sinh-Gordon lattice model is established. Thus Liouville's equation is included in the class of systems to which the quantum method of the inverse problem is applicable. A Hamiltonian of the quantum lattice model is constructed.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 161, pp. 24–44, 1987.     

Bohr–Sommerfeld–Heisenberg theory in geometric quantization

In the framework of geometric quantization we extend the Bohr–Sommerfeld rules to a full quantum theory which resembles the Heisenberg matrix theory. This extension is possible because Bohr–Sommerfeld rules not only provide an orthogonal basis in the space of quantum states, but also give a lattice structure to this basis. This permits the definition of appropriate shifting operators. As examples, we discuss the 1–dimensional harmonic oscillator and the coadjoint orbits of the rotation group.