利用葡萄糖氧化酶反应体系动力学光度法测定痕量银

基于葡萄糖氧化酶－过氧化物酶－４－氨基安替比林－２，４－二氯苯酚偶联反应的动力学性质及Ａｇ＾＋，Ｈｇ＾２＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃｕ６２＋等离子对反应的影响，建立了用动力学光度法测定痕量银的新方法。     

葡萄糖氧化酶在活性炭上的固定及直接电化学

The glucose oxidase (GOD) immobilized onto the surface of activated carbon powders at the glassy carbon electrode (GOD-C/GC) could undergo the quasi-reversible, direct electrochemical reaction. Its formal redox potential, E^0′, is almost independent on the scan rates. The average value of E^0′ is (-0.467 ± 0.002) V (vs SCE) in the pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution. Its apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (k_s) is (1.18 ± 0.59) s^-1, which is much higher than that reported previously. The dependence of E^0′ on the pH of the buffer solution indicated that the direct electrochemical reaction of the immobilized GOD is a two-electron transfer reaction process coupled with two-proton transfer. The further experimental results demonstrated that the immobilized GOD retained its bioelectrocatalytic activity to the oxidation of β-D(+) glucose.     

葡萄糖氧化酶电极的制备

葡萄糖氧化酶电极的制备于秀娟，周定，郭京华（哈尔滨工业大学应用化学系哈尔滨１５０００６）关键词葡萄糖氢化酶，酶电极，制备酶与电极的连接即酶膜的形成是制备酶电极的关键步骤之一，有许多种方式［１～９］．葡萄糖氧化酶（ＧＯＤ）电极是研究较早和报道较多的一类...     

一种基于壳聚糖固定葡萄糖氧化酶的葡萄糖生物传感器的研究

本文选用生物相容性好的壳聚糖作为基体材料，使其与戊二醛交联成网状结构包埋葡萄糖氧化酶制成电化学传感器。这种壳聚糖膜不仅可以减小葡萄糖氧化酶的流失，而且能为酶提供了适宜的微环境。用红外光谱、紫外光谱及透射电镜对膜的形态和性质进行了表征。实验结果表明该传感器具有很快的响应速度，很好的稳定性和重现性，能选择性地催化葡萄糖并测定其浓度。该传感器的制备方法简单，成本低，于冰箱中放置两周信号保持在90％以上，对葡萄糖测量的线性范围为1×10^-5 - 3.4×10^-3mol•L^-1，当信噪比为3:1时检测限为5×10^-6mol•L^-1。     

孔蛋白-磷脂仿生膜的葡萄糖氧化酶电化学

采用孔蛋白（MspA）和双肉豆蔻磷脂酰胆碱（DMPC）在玻碳（GC）基底表面成功构建有仿生特性的纳米通道膜,同时将葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）修饰于膜上. 使用循环伏安法研究GOD/MspA-DMPC/GC电极的GOD直接电化学过程以及其对氧气和葡萄糖的响应. 研究发现,MspA与DMPC形成的仿生纳米通道膜内,GOD在接近生物体系FAD/FADH标准电位处实现了自身两质子、两电子表面控制的电化学反应. MspA与DMPC的仿生纳米通道膜体系为GOD提供了理想活性环境.     

电化学葡萄糖传感器

作为电化学生物传感器中最重要的研究内容之一,葡萄糖生物传感器在数十年的发展中取得了巨大进展。本文综述了近年来利用纳米技术设计的新型电化学葡萄糖传感器的主要研究进展,并从纳米材料维度分类进行了讨论。其中,零维纳米材料主要讨论了包括金纳米颗粒、银纳米颗粒以及铜、铂等金属纳米颗粒材料; 一维纳米材料主要讨论了通过模板法制备的金属或金属氧化物纳米线以及单臂或者多壁纳米管材料; 二维纳米材料主要总结了以碳为基础的石墨烯材料和一些片状的金属材料。纳米材料对电化学葡萄糖传感器的影响主要集中在生物相容性、增强检测灵敏度、酶的固定等方面。此外,本文也对电化学葡萄糖传感器的今后发展做了展望。     

Glucose-Responsive Monoolein Cubic Phase Containing Glucose Oxidase

Glucose-responsive monoolein (MO) cubic phase was prepared by immobilizing proteinoid composed of Asp and Leu (PAL) and hydrophobically modified glucose oxidase (HmGOD) onto the MO bilayers. The hydrodynamic mean diameter of PAL aggregate in aqueous solution decreased with increasing the pH value. The number of pamitic acid residue per one molecule of HmGOD was determined to be 6.3 by a calorimetric method. HmGOD could acidify glucose solution in a few hours, possibly because it converted glucose to gluconic acid. PAL- and HmGOD-immobilized MO cubic phase was prepared by hydrating MO melt with the mixture aqueous solution of PAL and HmGOD. The cubic phase exhibited its phase transition around 62.5°C, determined by polarizing microscopy. The release of carboxylic fluorescein (CF) from the cubic phase was suppressed when the pH value of release medium decreased, possibly because PAL can aggregate more at a lower pH value. The release was suppressed when glucose concentration increased, possibly because the release medium can be more acidified and PAL will be more aggregated at a higher glucose concentration. The cubic phase could be used as a drug carrier which releases its content in a sustained manner when the glucose concentration is abnormally high.     

基于WS2量子点材料固定葡萄糖氧化酶的直接电化学及其生物传感研究

采用水热法制备水溶性WS₂量子点（WS₂ QDs）材料,并将该材料进一步用于葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）的有效固定,构建GOx/W₂ QDs/GCE传感界面. 采用透射电镜、紫外-可见光谱和电化学等方法对材料的形貌、GOx的固定化过程,以及传感器的直接电化学和电催化性能进行了表征. 结果表明,WS₂ QDs材料能够有效促进GOx与电极之间的直接电子转移. 并且,基于该传感器对葡萄糖良好的电催化作用,该方法有效实现了对葡萄糖的高灵敏检测,其线性范围为25 ~ 100 μmol·L^-1和100 ~ 600 μmol·L^-1,检测限为5.0 μmol·L^-1（S/N=3）. 该传感器具有良好的选择性、重现性和稳定性,可用于实际样品血糖的分析测定.     

Adsorption of Hydrophobized Glucose Oxidase at Solution/Air Interface

The modification of glucose oxidase by palmitic acid ester ofN-hydroxysuccinimide leads to the formation of a new hydrophobized enzyme with five covalently bound C₁₆groups. Such a modification was shown not to alter noticeably the native structure of the enzyme. The modified glucose oxidase displays enhanced surface activity at the water/air interface in comparison with the native enzyme. The maximum reduction of surface tension at all concentrations studied was higher for the modified glucose oxidase than for the native one. The modified enzyme also displayed a much steeper rise of the surface potential with time and a much more rapid attainment of the saturation plateau than the unmodified enzyme.     

壳聚糖固定化葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器测定葡萄糖的含量

应用壳聚糖将葡萄糖氧化酶固定于鸡蛋膜上,结合氧电极制得葡萄糖传感器.实验表明,壳聚糖比戊二醛能更好地固定葡萄糖氧化酶,最佳条件为壳聚糖浓度0.3%、固定化酶量0.8 mg、 pH 7.0、缓冲溶液浓度300 mmol/L和温度25 ℃.本葡萄糖传感器的线性范围为0.016～1.10 mmol/L;检出限为8.0 μmol/L(S/N=3), 响应时间<60 s,有很好的稳定性,寿命>3个月.同一个传感器重复使用以及同方法制作的不同传感器之间都有很好的重现性,RSD分别为2.5%(n=10)和4.7%(n=4).实际样品中可能存在的烟酰胺、 VB6、 VB12、 VE、Ca2+、 Mg2+、 K+和Zn2+等对葡萄糖的测定不产生干扰.本传感器已成功地应用于市售饮料中葡萄糖含量的测定.     

葡萄糖氧化酶共价交联于蛋膜上的葡萄糖传感器

以牛血清白蛋白－戊二醛为交联剂，将葡萄糖氧化酶固定地鸡蛋膜上，氧电极作电化学敏感元件，制成葡萄糖氧化酶电极。传感器的响应范围为４．０×１０＾－６－２．４×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；检测限为１．２１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该传感器具有线性范围宽，灵敏度高，使用寿命长等优点。     

葡萄糖氧化酶修饰聚苯胺电极的动力学

虽然固定酶有吸附、交联、共价结合和捕集等多种方法,但寻找其新的固定方法仍是感兴趣的研究课题。利用导电高聚物的导电性和掺杂作用,将酶直接固定在导电高聚物上,这种方法简单,固定后的酶仍保持原有的活性。用聚苯胺固定葡萄糖氧化酶已有报道。但电极的活性有效期较短。考虑到固定酶的性质不仅取决于酶本身的性质,而且还受载体性质和固定方法的影响,我们曾用还原后的聚苯胺在酶溶液中氧化而固定酶,本文在文献的基础上,研究了葡萄糖氧化酶修饰聚苯胺电极的动力学特性、pH效应及其使用稳定性。     

一种分离葡萄糖氧化酶的方法

葡萄糖氧化酶 ( GOD)在食品工业和生物传感器中有着广泛的应用[1] .在商品葡萄糖氧化酶中含有 1 0 %～ 1 6%的碳水化合物 [2 ,3 ] ,这部分碳水化合物的存在影响 GOD的结晶过程 [4 ] .另外 ,其它的一些因素如样品的纯化和均一性等 ,对结晶的过程也有很大的影响 ,杂质的存在会阻止结晶过程的进行[5] .对分离杂质后 GOD的物理化学性质与分离前是否有变化 ,这方面的研究还很少 .目前 ,随着快速蛋白质液相色谱仪技术的发展 ,同时结合高分辨率的离子交换树脂 Mono Q已能对商品 GOD作进一步的分离工作 [6,7] ,分离所需时间也大大减少 ,峰的分…     

葡萄糖氧化酶在水溶性CdTe量子点上的直接电化学研究

利用合成的Cd Te量子点(QDs)作修饰材料,将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定在水溶性Cd Te量子点表面,制备了葡萄糖氧化酶Cd Te量子点修饰碳糊电极(GOD/Cd Te/CPE),实现了GOD在电极表面的直接电化学。Cd Te QDs能有效地加速葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)与电极表面的直接电子转移,电子传递效率比无QDs Cd Te存在时提高约8倍;电子转移速率常数(K)为0.14 s-1,传递系数(α)为0.60,GOD在GOD/Cd Te/CPE表面的平均覆盖量(Γ)为7.9×10-8mol/cm2。GOD/Cd Te/CPE电极作为第三代葡萄糖电化学生物传感器,成功应用于葡萄糖浓度的检测,其线性范围为0.050~0.32 mmol/L,检出限为0.020 mmol/L。GOD/Cd Te/CPE的制备方法简单,稳定性强,具有优良的选择性和重现性,且响应速度快。     

炭气凝胶纳米颗粒固定葡萄糖氧化酶的直接电化学

利用间苯二酚和甲醛在碱性环境下制备炭气凝胶(CA), 通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、比表面积测试Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)等方法分析载体的形貌结构; 以CA为载体通过吸附法固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)并修饰玻碳(GC)电极, 得到GOD/CA/GC电极. 在0.1 mol·L^-1磷酸盐缓冲溶液中, 利用循环伏安法研究了GOD/CA/GC 电极的直接电化学行为和对葡萄糖的催化性能. 结果表明, 以CA为载体可以很好地固定GOD并保持其生物活性, 在无任何电子媒介体存在时, GOD在电极上实现了直接电子转移, GOD/CA/GC电极对葡萄糖具有很好的电催化性能.     

Glucose Biosensor Based on the Fabrication of Glucose Oxidase in the Bio-Inspired Polydopamine-Gold Nanoparticle Composite Film

A highly efficient enzyme immobilization method has been developed for electrochemical biosensors using polydopamine films with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded. This simple enzyme fabrication method can be performed in very mild conditions and stored in a long time with high bioactivity. The fabricated amperometric glucose biosensor exhibited a high and reproducible sensitivity, wide linear dynamic range and low limit of detection (LOD) (0.1 μmol·L^?1). A low value of 1.5 mmol·L^?1 for the apparent Michaelis‐Menten constant K^app_M was obtained. The high sensitivity, wide linear range, good reproducibility and stability make this biosensor a promising candidate for portable amperometric glucose biosensor.     

Fast Spectrometric Method of Determining the Activity of Glucose Oxidase

Abstract

A method is described of fast spectrometric determination of glucose oxidase activity based on enzymatic reduction of benzoquinone to hydroquinone and on the measurement of the rate of increase of hydroquinene absorbance at 290 nm. The enzymatic activity is deduced from the initial rate. The method is rapid and sensitive.     

Characterization and Potential Applications of Immobilized Glucose Oxidase and Polyphenol Oxidase

Pyrrole functionalized polystyrene (PStPy) was copolymerized with pyrrole to obtain a conducting copolymer, P(PStPy‐co‐Py) which is used as the immobilization matrix. Glucose oxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes were immobilized via the entrapment method by electrochemical polymerization. Enzyme electrodes were prepared by electrolysis at a constant potential using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the supporting electrolyte during the copolymerization of PStPy with pyrrole. Maximum reaction rates (V_max) and enzyme affinities (Michaelis‐Menten constants, K_m) were determined for the enzyme entrapped both in polypyrrole (PPy) and P(PStPy‐co‐Py) matrices. Optimizations of enzyme electrodes were done by examining the effects of temperature and pH on enzymes' activities along with the shelf life and operational stability investigations. Glucose oxidase enzyme electrodes were used for human serum analysis and glucose determination in two brands of orange juices. Polyphenol oxidase enzyme electrodes were used for the determination of phenolics in red wines of Turkey.     

Biosensing Membrane Base on Ferulic Acid and Glucose Oxidase for an Amperometric Glucose Biosensor

A biosensing membrane base on ferulic acid and glucose oxidase is synthesized onto a carbon paste electrode by electropolymerization via cyclic voltammetry in aqueous media at neutral pH at a single step. The developed biosensors exhibit a linear response from 0.082 to 34 mM glucose concentration, with a coefficient of determination R² equal to 0.997. The biosensors display a sensitivity of 1.1 μAmM⁻¹ cm⁻², a detection limit of 0.025 mM, and 0.082 mM as glucose quantification limit. The studies reveal stable, repeatable, and reproducible biosensors response. The results indicate that the novel poly-ferulic acid membrane synthesized by electropolymerization is a promising method for glucose oxidase immobilization towards the development of glucose biosensors. The developed glucose biosensors exhibit a broader linear glucose response than other polymer-based glucose biosensors.