掺杂LN晶体光折变效应及图象光存储特性

利用514.5nm和632.8nm波长的激光,研究了单掺杂Fe和双掺杂Ce∶Fe离子铌酸锂晶体的光折变二波耦合及光折变全息存储特性.实验结果表明生长态双掺杂Ce∶Fe与单掺杂Fe的LiNbO3晶体的光折变波耦合增益差异不明显,但双掺杂Ce∶Fe的LiNbO3晶体的图象存储和擦除特性明显得到改善.氧化态样品具有较大的透过率光谱范围和较好的图象存储质量;还原态样品具有较大的光折变二波耦合增益特性.     

铌酸锂晶体的缺陷及其控制

针对铌酸锂晶体中的缺陷研究,本文总结了国内外学者提出的不同晶体缺陷模型及各自的特点,并介绍了我们提出的铌位依赖、锂位敏感模型.在分析晶体缺陷研究的基础上提出了对铌酸锂晶体进行缺陷控制的意义及理论依据,指出缺陷控制的主要任务是保护锂格位.本文还简要概括了铌酸锂晶体缺陷控制的主要手段,并建议从反映铌酸锂晶体性能的角度来研究缺陷结构.     

Sc:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的生长和光学性能研究

研究双掺Fe(0.03wt;Fe2O3)和Sc(0,1,2,3mol;)铌酸锂晶体全息存储性能.通过晶体红外光谱测试发现:Sc:Fe:LiNbO3晶体中Sc的掺杂浓度超过3mol;时,Sc:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的O-H吸收峰的位置从低掺杂时的3484cm-1移动到3508cm-1.采用光斑畸变法测得(3mol;)Sc:Fe:LiNbO3晶体抗光损伤能力为3.3×103 W/cm2,比Fe:LiNbO3提高了二个数量级.晶体的红外吸收光谱和抗光损伤能力显示:Sc的掺杂浓度为3mol;时具有明显的阈值特征.采用波长为632nm的He-Ne激光器作为光源,通过二波耦合方法测试晶体全息存储性能.实验表明:在一系列Sc:Fe:LiNbO3晶体中,Sc(2mol;):Fe:LiNbO3晶体能获得最佳的光折变灵敏度和动态范围.     

Cr∶LiNbO_3及Cr,Fe∶LiNbO_3晶体热释电系数提高的研究

生长了掺杂量分别为0.2mol%、0.5mol%的掺铬同成分配比铌酸锂晶体和掺铬0.2mol%、铁0.04mol%的双掺同成分配比铌酸锂晶体。利用动态电流法测试了它们的热释电系数。在同样的测试条件下,与未掺杂的同成分铌酸锂晶体相比较,掺铬铌酸锂(Cr∶LiNbO3)晶体和铬、铁双掺铌酸锂(Cr,Fe∶LiNbO3)晶体的热释电系数明显提高。同时对掺杂提高晶体热释电系数的机理进行了探讨。     

优良全息光折变存储材料-双掺铌酸锂晶体

我们生长与后处理了一系列双掺铌酸锂晶体,通过光折变存储性能的测试,在这些晶体中,我们发现了三种双掺晶体:LN:Fe,Mg;LN∶Fe,In;LN∶Fe,Zn,它们具有优良的光折变存储性能,即高衍射效率(高达60～80;)、快光折变响应(比LN∶Fe 晶体缩短了一个数量级)、和强抗光散射能力(比LN∶Fe提高近两个数量级).我们还系统地研究了光强阈值效应与全息写入的关系以及全息写入与入射光强的关系,发现在光强阈值附近耦合强度有一最大值,从而提出了最佳写入光强的概念.另外,全息光栅热固定研究还显示,双掺铌酸锂晶体比单掺Fe的铌酸锂晶体具有更优良的热固定性质:快固定时间、高固定效率、长固定寿命等.     

对同成分LiNbO3:Fe非挥发全息存储的研究

我们以双中心模型为基础,理论研究了同成份掺铁铌酸锂晶体在稳态情况下的非挥发双色二步全息存储性能.我们考虑了在深(Fe2+/Fe3+)、浅(NbLi4+/NbLi5+)能级之间所有可能的电子交换过程,通过比较深浅能级上的空间电荷场及总的空间电荷场的强度可以发现,深能级上的空间电荷场对总的空间电荷场的大小起到了非常重要的作用.此外,我们还研究了不同实验条件对LiNbO3:Fe非挥发全息存储的影响.     

近化学计量比掺镁铌酸锂晶体的抗光折变性能

应用气相传输平衡技术,我们获得了3种近化学计量比掺镁铌酸锂晶体,晶体的掺镁量接近我们以前提出的第二阈值.在我们实验室所能达到的最大光强26 MW/cm2照射下,在所有近化学计量比掺镁铌酸锂晶片中没有观察到光斑畸变,该光强比同成分铌酸锂晶体所能承受的光强高6个量级,为目前已报道的铌酸锂晶体之最.应用双光束全息写入法测得掺1.0 mol; Mg近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体的光折变饱和值仅有4.6×10-7,比同成分铌酸锂晶体小两个量级,从已有实验数据推测,该晶体的抗光折变能力应当比同成分铌酸锂晶体高9个量级以上.     

四价掺杂铌酸锂晶体抗光折变性能研究

我们在同成份铌酸锂晶体中掺入四价离子铪,生长了掺杂浓度分别为2、4、6mol;的掺铪铌酸锂系列晶体.掺铪浓度达到4mol;时,晶体的抗光损伤能力为5×105W/cm2,比同成份纯铌酸锂晶体提高了4个数量级.应用全息法测得掺4、6mol;铪的铌酸锂晶体最大折射率变化为8.7×10-6,与高掺镁(6.5mol;)铌酸锂晶体的类似.晶体的红外吸收谱和紫外-可见光吸收谱也显示,掺杂浓度为4mol;时具有明显的阈值特征.由此可以确定铪离子在铌酸锂晶体中的阈值浓度约为4mol;.     

Zn2+∶Yb3+∶LiNbO3晶体生长及光谱性能研究

采用提拉法成功生长了Zn2+(2mol;)单掺的同成分铌酸锂(Zn2+∶LiNbO3)晶体及Zn2+(6mol;)和Yb3+(1 mol;)双掺的同成分铌酸锂(Zn2∶Yb3+∶LiNbO3)晶体,晶体尺寸分别约为φ30 mm×40 mm和φ30 mm×50mm.测试了这两个晶体的XRD图谱并与标准图谱进行了比较.测量了Zn2∶LiNbO3和Zn2∶Yb3+∶LiNbO3晶体的红外透射光谱,OH-的振动吸收峰分别位于3484.2 cm-和3493.7 cm-1,表明Zn2+的掺杂浓度还都处在阈值以下.研究了Zn2+∶Yb3+∶LiNbO3晶体的室温吸收、发射光谱和荧光寿命特性,表明其是潜在的近红外激光增益介质,有望发展新型功能激光器件.     

不同Li／NbZr：Fe：LiNbO3晶体的生长及光折变效应的研究

采用Czochralski技术生长不同Li/Nb双掺杂Zr:Fe:LiNbO3晶体,测试了晶体的光学均匀性和抗光折变能力.Zr:Fe:LiNbO3晶体双折射梯度比Fe:LiNbO3晶体降低一个数量级,抗光折变能力比Fe:LiNbO3晶体提高一个数量级,发现Zr4 在LiNbO3中具有抗光折变能力.采用二波耦合光路测试不同Li/Nb的Zr:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的衍射效率、响应时间、擦除时间并计算了动态范围和灵敏度,Zr:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的响应速度,灵敏度和动态范围都比Fe:LiNbO3晶体高,它的全息存储性能优于Fe:LiNbO3晶体.     

近化学计量比Tb:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的光谱特性及组分测定

按化学计量比,用提拉法成功生长了不同掺量的Tb:Fe:LiNbO3晶体,分别测量了掺杂LiNbO3晶体在紫外(313nm)曝光前后的吸收光谱,曝光后吸收谱线整体上移,找到了吸收谱线上移最大的掺量比.并用差热分析仪DTA测量了居里温度Tc, 从而计算出Li/Nb的比例.分析表明,Tb:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的存储性能与掺量、定比有密切的联系,是一种优良的大容量体全息记录材料.     

Sc:In:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的生长及全息关联存储的研究

在Fe:LiNbO3中掺进Sc2O3和In2O3采用Czochralski技术生长Sc:In:Fe:LiNbO3晶体.测试Sc:In:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的红外光谱和抗光致散射能力.Sc(1mol;):In(2mol;):Fe:LiNbO3晶体OH-吸收峰移到3508cm-1,抗光致散射能力比Fe:LiNbO3晶体提高二个数量级.对Sc(1mol;):In(2mol;):Fe:LiNbO3晶体OH-吸收峰移动机理和抗光致散射能力增强的机理进行讨论.以Sc(1mol;):In(2mol;):Fe:LiNbO3晶体作存储元件,以Cu:KNSBN晶体作为位相共轭镜进行全息关联存储,试验结果表明全息关联存储的成象质量高、图象清晰完整、噪音小.     

Microstructure and optical properties of Zn:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals

Zn:Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals were prepared by Czochralski technique. Its microstructure was measured and analyzed by UV‐Vis absorption spectra. The optical damage resistance of Zn:Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals was characterized by the transmitted beam pattern distortion method. It increases remarkably when the concentration of ZnO is over a threshold concentration. Its value in Zn(7.0 mol%):Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal is about three orders of magnitude higher that in the Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal. The dependence of the defects on the optical damage resistance was discussed. The non‐volatile holographic storage was realized in all crystals, and the sensitivity of the Zn(7.0 mol%):Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal is much higher than that of others. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Investigation on photorefractive properties of doped lithium niobate

Cu:LiNbO₃ crystal and Fe:Cu:LiNbO₃ crystals were grown by the Czochralski method from congruent melt. The OH^‐ absorption spectrum of doped lithium niobate crystals was measured. The photorefractive properties of doped crystals were studied by the two‐wave coupling method. The results of the two‐wave coupling experiments showed that as the concentration of doping ions increased, the diffraction efficiency and the dynamic range enhanced, the holographic response time shortened. The recording time of Fe(0.10wt%): Cu(0.10wt%): LiNbO₃ crystal is only a tenth of that of Cu(0.05wt%): LiNbO₃ crystal. Among all samples, the dynamic range of the Fe(0.10wt%): Cu(0.10wt%): LiNbO₃ crystal was the most largest (up to 40.78). (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Investigation on the blue photorefractive properties varied with MgO codoping in Ru:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals

Mg:Ru:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals with various doping concentration of MgO have been grown by Czochralski method. The type of charge carriers and photorefractive properties in Mg:Ru:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals were measured by two‐wave coupling method using Kr⁺ laser (476 nm) and He‐Ne laser (633 nm) as light sources. We found that holes were the dominant charge carriers under blue light irradiation while electrons were the dominant charge carriers under red light irradiation. Mg²⁺ ions behaved no longer as damage resistant, but promoter to the photorefractive properties at 476 nm wavelength. The photorefractive properties under blue light improved with the increase concentration of Mg²⁺ ions. The enhancement mechanisms of the blue photorefractive were suggested. Experimental results definitely showed that Mg‐doped two‐centre Ru:Fe:LiNbO₃ was a promising blue photorefraction material for holographic volume storage.     

Optical absorption spectra of LiNbO3, Fe:LiNbO3, and Zn:Fe:LiNbO3 single crystals grown by Bridgman method

The optical absorption spectra of LiNbO₃ (LN), Fe:LiNbO₃ (Fe:LN), and Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ (Zn:Fe:LN) single crystals grown by Bridgman method were measured and compared. The absorption characteristics of the samples and the effects of growth process conditions on the absorption spectra were investigated. The Fe, Zn and Li concentrations in the crystals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometry. The results indicated that the overall Fe ion and Fe²⁺ concentration in Fe:LN and Zn:Fe:LN crystals increased along the growing direction. The incorporation of ZnO in Fe:LN crystal induced increase of Fe²⁺ in the crystal. Among Fe‐doped and Zn:Fe‐codoped LN single crystals, 3 mol% ZnO doped Fe:LN had a biggest change of Fe²⁺ ion concentration from bottom to top part of crystal. The effects of technical conditions (atmosphere and thermal history) on Fe²⁺ ion concentration were discussed. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

近化学计量比LiNbO3晶体畴结构研究

利用提拉法,从富锂(Li2O:Nb2O5=58.5:41.5)熔体中生长了φ40mm×40mm的近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体.用同步辐射异常散射技术结合化学腐蚀法观察了晶体中的畴结构,在y方向发现存在180°反向铁电畴结构,而另外的N-SLN单晶z向切片为单畴结构,表明了所生长的近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体具有区域性单畴.     

Improved blue photorefractive properties of near‐stoichiometric LiNbO3:Mn:Fe:Zr crystal

Near‐stoichiometric LiNbO₃ single crystal tri‐doped with ZrO₂, MnO and Fe₂O₃ was grown from Li‐riched melt by Czochralski method. The defect structures and composition of these crystals were analyzed by means of ultraviolet‐visible and infrared transmittance spectra. The appearance of 3466 cm^‐1 peak in infrared spectra showed that the crystal grown from Li‐riched melt was near stoichiometric. The photorefractive properties at the wavelength of 488 nm and 633 nm were investigated with two‐beam coupling experiment, respectively. The experimental results showed that the response speed and sensitivity were enhanced significantly and the high diffraction efficiency was obtained at 488 nm wavelength. This manifested that near‐stoichiometric LiNbO₃:Mn:Fe:Zr crystal was an excellent candidate for holographic storage. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Defect structure and optical fixing holographic storage of Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals

Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals were grown by the Czochralski method. The defect structure was analyzed by UV‐vis spectra and IR spectra. The holographic storage of Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals was measured by the two color fixed method. The results show that with the increase of MgO doping concentration, the writing time becomes shorter, the dynamic range decreases, photorefractive sensitivity increases and fixing diffraction efficiency decreases. When the MgO doping concentration exceeds 4.5 mol%, the fixing diffraction efficiency approaches zero. The effect of doping Mg ions on the holographic storage properties of Mn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals is discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)