类O(6)原子核三轴形变的解析描述

在相互作用玻色子模型(IBM)的内禀态下,用自治Q算符框架(CQF),引入L=3的三体势,建立用IBM解析描述原子核三轴形变参数β、γ的理论方案. 计算了Xe、Ba和Ce偶偶核素的三轴形变参数,与硬三轴转子模型(RTRM)的结果进行比较,较精确地描述了原子核的三轴形变性质.     

相对论平均场模型对奇-偶超重核基态性质的系统研究

在形变的相对论平均场模型下,采用NL-Z2,TMA两套参数对质子数为103—109的奇–偶核基态性质进行了系统的计算,并将理论计算的结合能、α衰变能与已知的实验数据进行对比,发现两者符合得很好,肯定了相对论平均场模型对超重核研究的可靠性,同时对未知核素基态性质的计算结果可供未来的超重核理论和实验研究参考.     

O同位素的相对论平均场计算中对能隙参数的研究

在相对论平均场理论框架下, 研究了各种对能隙参数对O同位素偶偶核的适用性. 通过对原子核结合能和四极形变的系统计算表明, 在O同位素区域, 对能隙参数Λ_n和Λ_p均可取为0.5, 这样既简化了计算, 又可得到比较满意的结果.     

宏观－微观模型对奇－偶超重核基态性质的系统研究

用宏观－微观模型系统计算了Z=95—113奇－偶超重核的基态性质. 理论计算的结合能、α衰变能与已知的实验数据符合较好, 也与相对论平均场的计算结果符合很好, 这进一步肯定了宏观－微观模型对超重核研究的可靠性. 理论计算表明形变对超重核的性质起重要作用. 同时, 对一些未知核素基态性质的预言可为将来的实验研究提供理论参考.     

sdg IBM对稀土偶偶核基态形变的计算

用sdg IBM的内禀态,解析计算了稀土区的^152—164Dy、^154—168)Er、^170—186W、^168—194Os等偶偶同位素的基态形变,与其它理论及实验结果进行系统比较,表明sdg IBM能对核的形变作出很好的描述.     

偶偶 Ra 同位素的八极形变研究

用反射不对称的相对论平均场理论(RAS-RMF)对偶偶Ra同位素的八极形变进行了系统研究,并与实验数据和有限力程小液滴模型(FRDM)结果进行了比较.结果表明：RAS-RMF理论很好地描述了Ra同位素的基态性质,计算的结合能、双中子分离能和形变与实验数据和FRDM一致.RAS-RMF理论获得的中子、质子密度分布清晰地展现出偶偶Ra同位素由球形逐渐转变为八极形变,到四极形变的过程,与实验观察的八极形变不稳定现象一致. 关键词： 反射不对称平均场(RAS-RMF) 八极形变 偶偶核     

α–结团模型对超重核α衰变寿命的研究

用α结团模型计算新合成超重元素的半衰期,与已知的实验数据进行对比分析,发现理论和实验数据能够很好地符合,验证了α结团模型对超重核研究的有效性.同时结合标准的形变Har-tree-Fock模型核质量表给出半衰期理论计算结果,可供以后在理论或实验上研究超重核参考,在此基础上进一步分析超重核区域的α衰变能、双中子分离能和双质子分离能,并讨论Z=114和N=184处是否存在壳效应.     

偶偶 Ra 同位素的八极形变研究

用反射不对称的相对论平均场理论(RAS-RMF)对偶偶Ra同位素的八极形变进行了系统研究,并与实验数据和有限力程小液滴模型(FRDM)结果进行了比较.结果表明：RAS-RMF理论很好地描述了Ra同位素的基态性质,计算的结合能、双中子分离能和形变与实验数据和FRDM一致.RAS-RMF理论获得的中子、质子密度分布清晰地展现出偶偶Ra同位素由球形逐渐转变为八极形变,到四极形变的过程,与实验观察的八极形变不稳定现象一致.     

相对论平均场理论对Pt同位素形状演化的研究

利用形变约束的相对论平均场理论研究了Pt同位素偶-偶核的形状演化,比较了基态结合能和四极形变的理论计算值和实验值, 分析了这些核的位能曲线、单粒子能级及其随四极形变β₂ 的变化规律,发现从N=88到N=126, Pt同位素的基态变形从球形对称核经X(5)对称性核、演化为具有稳定形变的核,再演化为球形核的变化过程.其中, ^166-172Pt是近球形核, ¹⁷⁴Pt和^192-196Pt位于球形和稳定形变之间,可能具有X(5)对称性, ^176-190Pt具有稳定的变形, ^198-202Pt是近球形核, ²⁰⁴Pt是球形核,这些结果与实验一致.     

相对论平均场理论对Rn同位素链原子核基态性质的研究

在相对论平均场理论的框架下,对Rn同位素链原子核的结合能、形变、同位素位移等若干基态性质进行了较详细的研究.结果表明,理论计算结果与已有的实验数据符合较好.原子核的四极形变主要出现在远离幻数的区域(N=110-124和N=129-142).而在中子数大于幻数的区域(N=127-142),十六级形变也非常明显.对电荷半径的研究显示,Rn同位素链的同位素位移曲线的斜率在中子幻数处出现明显的变化. 关键词： 相对论平均场理论 电荷半径 同位素位移 单粒子能级     

Analysis of Energy Consumption in a Combined Microwave–hot Air Spouted Bed Drying of Biomaterial: Coffee Beans

In this study, an energy model based on the first law of thermodynamics is developed to evaluated energy efficiency and specific energy consumption. The influences of hot air temperature and initial weight of coffee beans on energy consumption are considered. Furthermore, a comparison between combined microwave–hot air spouted bed drying and hot air spouted bed drying methods on energy consumption is also investigated in detail. The results show that energy efficiency as well as energy consumption depends on hot air temperature, initial weight of coffee bean, and typical drying methods (combined microwave–hot air spouted bed and hot air spouted bed). The optimum drying condition is also achieved in this study.     

A study of scattering of neon and argon ions by polycrystalline cobalt

The effect of polymorphous transitions on the temperature dependence of the number of ions scattered in a given direction has been studied for different scattering angles.     

机械能和内能相互转换的物理实质

通过一个简单的具体问题，对内能和机械能之间的本质区别进行了解析，这对于深入理解热力学中的概念及其规律的本质是极有意义的。     

Effect of Wigner energy on the symmetry energy coefficient in nuclei

The nuclear symmetry energy coefficient(including the coefficient a_(sym)~((4)) of the I~4 term) of finite nuclei is extracted by using the differences of available experimental binding energies of isobaric nuclei.It is found that the extracted symmetry energy coefficient a_(sym)~*(A,I) decreases with increasing isospin asymmetry I,which is mainly caused by Wigner correction,since e_(sym)~* is the summation of the traditional symmetry energy e_(sym) and the Wigner energy ew.We obtain the optimal values J = 30.25±0.10 MeV,a_(ss)=56.18±1.25 MeV,a_(sym)~((4)) = 8.33±1.21 MeV and the Wigner parameter x= 2.38 ±0.12 through a polynomial fit to 2240 measured binding energies for nuclei with20 ≤ A ≤ 261 with an rms deviation of 23.42 keV.We also find that the volume symmetry coefficient J■ 30 MeV is insensitive to the value x,whereas the surface symmetry coefficient a_(ss) and the coefficient a_(sym)~((4)) are very sensitive to the value of x in the range 1≤x≤4.The contribution of the a_(sym)~((4)) term increases rapidly with increasing isospin asymmetry I.For very neutron-rich nuclei,the contribution of the a_(sym)~((4)) term will play an important role.     

弹性势能的表达式的实验验证

教材上从理论上探究了弹性势能的表达式,结合该探究过程,利用弹性势能与重力势能和动能的转换关系设计了2个验证性实验.     

能谱在解释湍流能量级串中值得注意的一个问题

用简单的例子说明,即使在动力学上表现为不存在的能量级串,也在能谱上表现出相当 充分的能量向高频或者低频传递的现象.这些过去都是作为能量级串的证据而被广泛接受的 .结果表明,利用能谱来分析能量级串时,一定要明确是物理因素还是非物理因素造成 的频率分布向低频或高频传递的现象,不然就会出现真假难分的情况,进而造成错误的分析 结果. 关键词： 湍流能量级串 能谱     

太阳能电池

简述了太阳能电池的原理，从材料、价格、成本、转换效率变化等方面介绍了太阳能电池的发展现状，展望太阳能电池的发展趋势。     

飞轮蓄能发电原理及应用

本文介绍飞轮蓄能发电的原理和飞轮蓄能发电技术的应用实例 .     

Technological Research of a Clean Energy Router Based on Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System

As a fundamental infrastructure of energy supply for future society, energy Internet (EI) can achieve clean energy generation, conversion, storage and consumption in a more economic and safer way. This paper demonstrates the technology principle of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system (AA-CAES), as well as analysis of the technical characteristics of AA-CAES. Furthermore, we propose an overall architectural scheme of a clean energy router (CER) based on AA-CAES. The storage and mutual conversion mechanism of wind and solar power, heating, and other clean energy were designed to provide a key technological solution for the coordination and comprehensive utilization of various clean energies for the EI. Therefore, the design of the CER scheme and its efficiency were analyzed based on a thermodynamic simulation model of AA-CAES. Meanwhile, we explored the energy conversion mechanism of the CER and improved its overall efficiency. The CER based on AA-CAES proposed in this paper can provide a reference for efficient comprehensive energy utilization (CEU) (93.6%) in regions with abundant wind and solar energy sources.     

Distribution of components in single crystals grown from completely mixed melts of Hg1−xCdxTe and Pb1−xSnxTe systems

Summary A method is given to calculate the maximum compositional gradient in single crystals, grown by unidirectional solidification, of binary or pseudobinary materials. The calculation is based on the data obtained from the phase diagrams. Compositional gradients of HgTe-CdTe and PbTe-SnTe systems along the growth axis are shown.