多极超导扭摆器磁体磁场设计

上海光源二期工程建设计划研制一台多极超导扭摆器用于生物医学的X射线成像及治疗。该多极超导扭摆器由21对NbTi超导线圈组成,磁极气隙为22mm,在储存环束流电子能量为3.5GeV时其特征能量为33keV,覆盖的能量范围为20keV到120keV,可用于K边吸收成像、衍射增强成像、相衬成像、CT和微束放射治疗。文中的主要内容为一个具有21个磁极,周期长度为140mm,气隙中心磁感应强度为4.2T的多极超导扭摆器的磁场设计,包括磁极和线圈的参数设计、端部结构和周期磁场的积分场设计,以及简要的超导线圈应力应变分析。     

Superconducting 119-pole wiggler with a 2.1-T field and 30-mm period length for the ALBA storage ring

A superconducting 119-pole wiggler with a 2.1-T operating field and 30-mm period length, which is intended for use at the ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility (SLF), Barcelona, Spain, has been designed and manufactured at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. The interpole gap and aperture of the beam are 12.6 and 8.5 mm respectively. The total radiation power reaches 16 kW when the current of the 3-GeV electron beam is 0.4 A. In May 2010, after successful testing in Novosibirsk, the wiggler was transported to the ALBA SLF and was retested outside of the storage ring. The maximum field achieved by training of the magnet is 2.26 T. Owing to the improved cryostat structure, the equilibrium operating temperature of the magnet is brought down to 3.5 K, guaranteeing reliable operation of the device and zero liquid helium consumption. The basic parameters of the wiggler??s magnetic and cryogenic systems, as well as the results of their tests, are presented.     

基于ANSYS的传导冷却超导磁体系统的热分析

在传导冷却超导磁体系统中,超导磁体与系统其它部分的温度平衡过程是依靠固体间的热传导来实现热量传递的。由于超导磁体和冷屏等低温部件冷却条件的差异,将导致磁体内部各处和冷屏不同部位的温度分布不均匀。分析研究超导磁体系统的低温温度分布状况,对于低温系统的热设计和磁体的温度裕度设计具有重要意义。文中借助于ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了一个大口径传导冷却超导磁体低温系统的稳态三维热分析模型,仿真了超导磁体和冷屏的空间温度场,得到了传导冷却超导磁体低温系统的热分布规律。该分析结果对于大口径传导冷却超导磁体的低温系统设计具有重要的参考价值。     

Superconducting wiggler for adone: Design and present status

Summary A superconducting wiggler has been designed and built at Laboratori Nazionali INFN in Frascati, Italy, in collaboration with Ansaldo Componenti-Genova, to be used as an insertion device in the Adone storage ring. It will be used as a light source on the 1.5 GeV, 100 mA electron beam of the accelerator, to produce about 10¹² photons/s/mrad in 0.1% band width, in the short X-ray wavelength range. In order to minimize the electron beam orbit disortion and to obtain the best phase space distribution of the generated synchrotron radiation (a single bright spot), a superconducting dipole, producing a sharp vertical field peak (6 T, 12 cm FWHM), between two normal conducting side dipoles (0.8T), to compensate the field integral, has been manufactured. The s.c. dipole is made up of 2NbTi coils, separated by a central plate and kept together by two 356 kg total weight iron yokes. The magnet gap is 6 cm and the design current is 360A. The system is contained in a warm bore cryostat and cooled by boiling helium at 4.6K. The static cryostat helium consumption is of 41/h and, when the cryomagnet is energized, it is cooled by a 1430S Koch liquefier/refrigerator on line with it through transfer lines. The stored energy is 184 kJ. This paper describes the latest status of the facility and the verification tests.     

7T动物磁共振成像超导磁体的漏热分析

准确计算分析超导磁体低温系统的漏热量,是评价超导磁体低温绝热性能的重要依据。文中以一台自制的7 T磁共振成像系统(MRI)的超导磁体作为研究对象,对其低温系统进行了详细的漏热计算,分别得到了液氦容器和液氮容器的理论漏热量。将计算结果与实测数据进行比较,分析了磁体实际的低温性能。     

合肥同步辐射加速器超导Wiggler磁体系统改造可行性研究

6T超导Wiggler磁体是合肥国家同步辐射加速器的重要部件,于1998年调试成功.目前,发现超导Wig-gler磁体系统液氦消耗量大幅增加,预冷时间大幅度延长.因此有必要对超导Wiggler磁体系统进行改造,设计超导Wiggler磁体的液氦零挥发系统,以减少液氦的消耗,降低运行费用,同时通过实验评估4KG-M制冷机工作时振动对超导Wiggler磁体的影响.     

Nb_3Sn CICC模型线圈低温实验与应变测试结果分析

中国科学院强磁场科学中心将建设40 T级混合磁体系统。Nb3Sn CICC模型线圈作为40T的混合磁体外超导磁体的前期预研,其研制成功并获得好的测试结果,将证实混合磁体外超导磁体的设计合理性和关键制造工艺的可行性。介绍了模型线圈的低温实验过程,同时对其应力测试结果进行分析与研究。     

Overview of the tunable beamlines for protein crystallography at the EMBL Hamburg Outstation; an analysis of current and future usage and developments

The EMBL Hamburg Outstation currently operates two tunable protein crystallography beamlines suitable for single and multiple anomalous diffraction (SAD/MAD) experiments. The first beamline, designated X31, is located on a bending magnet of the DORIS III storage ring whereas the second beamline, BW7A, is positioned at a multipole wiggler at the same storage ring. X31 is equipped with an energy stabilization device to ensure constant wavelength during longer data-collection periods. The in-house built crystallographic end-station is now equipped with a Mar345 imaging-plate scanner as a detector. The wiggler beamline BW7A features a novel sagitally focusing monochromator. The end-station used here has also been developed and built in-house. The beamline is currently operated with a Mar 165 CCD detector. In this paper the hardware and software developments of the last years will be summarized and the outlook for substantial upgrades will be given. The future plans include the design and construction of a third tunable beamline, designated X12, for protein crystallography. The development of automated beamlines for protein crystallography is of particular importance with respect to structural genomics initiatives. The analysis of the projects of the last years shows the wide range of anomalous scatterer used on the tunable beamlines thus demonstrating the need of a wide range of accessible energies and fast and reliable energy changes.     

基于近似解析法的超导储能磁体设计

降低超导储能磁体的研制成本一直是控制超导磁储能系统(Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage, SMES) 总成本的重要手段之一. 本文考虑在一定磁体结构参数范围内, 磁体产生的最大磁场值可以采用级数进行 表示, 磁体的电感值可以采用线性函数表示, 给出了超导储能磁体磁场能量的近似解析表达式, 提出了一种基于近 似解析法的超导储能磁体设计方法. 该方法以储能磁体的线材用量最小作为设计目标, 在给定超导线材参数和临界电流特性曲线, 以及磁体储能总量要求的情况下, 依据此方法可快速的得到成本最优时所对应的磁体结构参数.将近似解析法优化和采用传统的有限元软件 Ansys 仿真优化进行对比分析, 结果表明采用近似解析法进行磁体优化更加方便快捷, 节省了大量计算时间.     

BEPC II氦低温系统的初步设计

低温超导技术将应用于第二代北京正负电子对撞机 (BEPC II)。文中所设计的大型氦低温系统将为第二代北京正负电子对撞机的三个磁体 :超导螺线管磁体、插入四极铁磁体和高频超导腔磁体提供 4 .5 K下 80 0 W的冷量和 6 0 .0 L/ h的液氦产量。由于每个用户都有其特定的工作要求 ,该系统为每个用户配置一个控制杜瓦 ,以满足磁体的工作要求。     

BES低温系统的预设计

对中科院高能所第三代北京谱仪 (BES )螺线管磁铁低温系统的预设计进行了介绍 ,包括项目简价、BES 螺线管磁铁的基本数据、磁铁低温系统的流程组织、系统热载荷、工作模式及各关键部件的预设计结果等。     

The cryogenic control system of BEPCⅡ

A superconducting cryogenic system has been designed and deployed in the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider Upgrade Project(BEPCⅡ).The system consists of a Siemens PLC(ST-PLC,Programmable Logic Controller)for the compressor control,an Allen Bradley(AB)PLC for the cryogenic equipments,and the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System(EPICS)that integrates the PLCs.The system fully automates the superconducting cryogenic control with process control,PID(Proportional-Integral-Differential)control loops,real-time data access and data storage,alarm handler and human machine interface.It is capable of automatic recovery as well.This paper describes the BEPCⅡ cryogenic control system,data communication between ST-PLC and EPICS Input/Output Controllers(IOCs),and the integration of the flow control,the low level interlock,the AB-PLC,and EPICS.     

Motion and radiation of relativistic electrons in a special-type wiggler

A magnetic wiggler is studied in which each period of the magnetic field is produced by four magnet sections. A wiggler of this type can be used in the ring of an electron synchrotron.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 4, pp. 14–18, April, 1978.     

国内外加速器低温系统近况

超导腔和超导磁体是现代加速器的重要组成部分, 伴随着加速器技术的发展和更高束流能量和亮度的要求, 低温超导技术在加速器中得到了广泛的应用. 本文在对国内外几个典型的加速器上采用的低温超导技术进行了调研的基础上, 介绍了国内外加速器低温系统的近况.     

Design of a conduction-cooled 4 T superconducting racetrack for a multi-field coupling measurement system

A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet producing a transverse field of 4 T has been designed for a new generation multi-field coupling measurement system,which will be used to study the mechanical behavior of superconducting samples at cryogenic temperatures and intense magnetic fields.A compact cryostat with a two-stage GM cryocooler is designed and manufactured for the superconducting magnet.The magnet is composed of a pair of flat racetrack coils wound by NbTi/Cu superconducting composite wires,a copper and stainless steel combinational former and two Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_v superconducting current leads.The two coils are connected in series and can be powered with a single power supply.In order to support the high stress and attain uniform thermal distribution in the superconducting magnet,a detailed finite element(FE) analysis has been performed.The results indicate that in the operating status the designed magnet system can sufficiently bear the electromagnetic forces and has a uniform temperature distribution.     

Dose estimates when electrons strike a copper absorber during injection at the Canadian Light Source

Dose estimates are undertaken when injected electrons strike a tapered copper absorber of the insertion device beamline during injection at the Canadian Light Source (CLS).A model consisting of a tapered copper absorber, a wiggler vessel, a stainless steel beam pipe and a concrete ratchet and side wall is constructed. The doses immediately behind the ratchet wall are estimated by calculating the energy depositions in a water phantom that encloses the entire structure. Also estimated are the doses along the side wall and near the inner edge of the ratchet wall.The accumulated doses are calculated assuming various injection efficiencies to the storage ring and the number of electrons lost at the tapered copper absorber during injection. From these values, the dose rates are obtained with or without a local shield.     

EBIT装置零蒸发低温超导磁体系统的研制

介绍了EBIT(Electron Beam Ion Trap,电子束离子阱)装置零蒸发低温超导磁体系统的研制过程与超导磁体的性能测试结果。该系统中超导磁体由一对上下布置的分离线圈组成,中心最大磁场强度可达4.5T,在中心轴线上±10mm内磁场均匀度优于2×10-4,磁场衰减系数在8h小于1×10-4;同时其低温杜瓦系统采用双冷屏结构,并通过二级G-M制冷机冷却冷屏来降低液氦的蒸发量。超导磁体的性能测试结果表明满足用户基本要求。     

Permanent magnet wigglers for reducing the emittance of the Petra III synchrotron radiation source

The Petra III synchrotron radiation source was developed based on the Petra-II 6-GeV electron accelerator (DESY). After installing the system for radiation damping, the horizontal emittance of the electron beam of Petra III decreased from 5 nm rad to 1 nm rad, which is a record parameter for this class of installations. The system of radiation damping includes 20 permanent magnet wigglers installed in two straight sections, 50 m each. The total radiation power of the wigglers reaches 800 kW. The wigglers used in the radiation damping system of Petra III were developed in collaboration with DESY (Hamburg) and fabricated by the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. The wiggler length is 4.04 m, the gap between the poles is 24 mm, the maximum magnetic field is B = 1.52?1.56 T, and the period is λ = 20 cm. This paper describes the design features of the permanent magnet wigglers and the methods and results of adjustment of the wiggler operating parameters.     

Design and study of a high-current 5-cell superconducting rf cavity

The Advanced Photon Source （APS） at Argonne National Laboratory is considering the development of a superconducting linac-based fourth-generation hard X-ray source to meet future scientific needs of the hard X-ray user community. This work specifically focuses on the design of an optimized 5-cell superconducting radio-frequency structure well suited for a high-energy, high-beam-current energy recovery linac. The cavity design parameters are based on the APS storage ring nominal 7 GeV and 100 mA beam operation. A high-current 5-cell cw superconducting cavity operating at 1.4 GHz has been designed. In order to achieve a high current, the accelerating cavity shape has been optimized and large end-cell beam pipes have been adopted. The beam break-up threshold of the cavity has been estimated using the code TDBBU, which predicts a high threshold beam current for a 7 GeV energy recovery linac model. A copper prototype cavity has been fabricated that uses half-cell modules, initially assembled by clamping the cells together.     

高温超导储能应用研究的新进展

简要回顾了用于高温超导储能磁体的高温超导磁体材料的性能;重点介绍了近年来几种类型的高温超导储能磁体的研究新进展;然后分别介绍了Bi-2212和Bi-2223高温超导储能磁体的研究情况;最后简述了将来可能用YB-CO(或NdBCO)涂层导体材料设计在液氮温区运行的高温超导储能磁体。