银纳米粒子-介孔菱沸石-无纺布复合材料的构建及其止血和抗菌性能分析

以无纺布(NW)为基质,采用原位生长法制备了介孔菱沸石-无纺布(mCHA-NW),再以其为载体,复合银纳米粒子(AgNPs),最终得到银纳米粒子-介孔菱沸石-无纺布(AgNPs-mCHA-NW)复合材料.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、全自动物理吸附仪(BE...     

介孔球状纳米羟基磷灰石的多级组装合成

利用支撑液膜控制离子在隔离的两相中流动传输, 同时添加有机小分子协同液膜界面形成模板, 诱导纳米晶体进行嵌段组合团聚成非致密型超结构, 得到一种由纳米片状亚单元卷曲后组装形成的新型介孔球状纳米羟基磷灰石材料. TEM, XRD, BET等结果表明, 产物纳米羟基磷灰石平均孔径为17.5 nm. 细胞毒性实验表明, 不同浓度的细胞存活率高于80%, 细胞毒性为1级, 可认为材料具有良好的细胞相容性. FT-IR, UV光谱结果表明产物能有效的对鬼臼毒素进行载药包裹, 平均载药量为12.9%, 包封率为65.5%. 这种新型介孔超结构HA在酶、蛋白质的固定和分离、药物转染等方面具有其潜在的应用价值.     

磷酸胆碱基细胞膜仿生药物缓释涂层材料的研究

随着现代医学的飞速发展 ,各种微创介入医疗装置如医用导管 (Catheter)、手术导引线(Guidewires)、金属支架 (Stents)等已广泛地应用到各种医疗技术中 ,极大地丰富了现代医学诊疗手段 .然而在临床应用中 ,现有的装置依然不同程度地存在感染、凝血和术后组织增生等问题[1 ] .设计生物相容性聚合物基载药涂层和实现药物在预定部位的定向释放 ,为解决这些问题提供了有效途径 [2～ 5] .血红细胞膜具有由磷脂分子自组装形成的双层膜 .细胞生物学研究表明 ,细胞膜外层带有等量正电荷和负电荷的卵磷脂不会激活内源性凝血途径 .因此人们设计了磷酸…     

纳米金属有机骨架材料及其载药应用

金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)是指由含氮、氧等多齿有机配体与金属离子通过自组装形成的配位聚合物。由于金属有机骨架材料的大比表面积和高孔隙率等优点使其在药物负载领域有广泛应用。近年来,纳米金属有机骨架材料(NMOFs)因既具有MOFs的特点,又具有纳米材料独特的理化性能,使其兼具药物负载量高、目标靶向性好、表面易改性和生物相容性优良等特点,已成为一种优异的纳米级载药系统。本文介绍了NMOFs的常用制备方法,主要包括溶剂热法、反相微乳液法与超声波法,并对其优缺点进行了讨论;详细阐述了载药NMOFs的特性及其不同类型对于各类药物的负载能力;指出今后其主要的研究方向是改善生物相容性、实现更有效的表面功能化、扩展生物NMOFs及其负载药物的种类,使其应用到更多疾病的治疗上。     

医用高分子材料抗菌表面构建及在医疗器械中应用

医疗器械在介(植)入体内后,在其表面滋生细菌是引发院内感染的最主要原因,给病患带来重大的经济损失,甚至危及生命安全。细菌首先在材料/器械表面粘附,进而形成生物膜,生物被膜一旦形成,会引起细菌持续性感染。为了赋予材料表面抗菌性能,有针对性地进行抗菌表面的构建,其策略主要为:抗细菌粘附策略、杀菌策略、抗细菌粘附-杀菌(抗-杀)结合策略和抗细菌粘附-杀菌转化策略。结合本课题组近年来在抗菌医用高分子材料及医疗器械的研究成果,简单介绍了国内外其抗菌表面构建及在医疗器械中应用的研究进展。     

木薯多孔淀粉基止血粉的止血性能及生物相容性研究

酶改性淀粉在可生物降解止血材料的应用中表现出巨大潜力。本研究利用α-淀粉酶和糖化酶的水解作用得到木薯多孔淀粉（ECS）,并通过负载钙离子和单宁酸制备木薯多孔淀粉基止血粉（ECS-Ca-T）。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外（FTIR）光谱、X射线衍射（XRD）和比表面积分析仪（BET）对ECS及其止血粉的微观结构、孔径分布、结晶结构和成分进行了详细分析。通过溶血实验和创伤愈合实验探究了ECSCa-T的生物相容性,通过体外凝血测试、大鼠创伤止血实验探究ECS-Ca-T的止血性能,并考察了ECS-Ca-T的生物降解性。结果表明,ECS-Ca-T具有较好的止血效果、生物相容性和可降解性。与市售颗粒止血粉相比,ECS-Ca-T在大鼠断尾持续性出血和肝脏损伤止血方面具有优势,止血时间分别缩短了4.86 min和8.6 s,并能够在5 s内实现大鼠背部肌肉组织的快速止血;同时,在伤口愈合过程中,ECS-Ca-T不会对机体造成不良影响,在第7天降解达到94.5%。     

温度敏感性壳聚糖基聚电解质载药纳米粒子的制备及表征

以天然高分子壳聚糖(CS)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)和温度敏感性单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)为原料,通过自组装制备了温度敏感性聚电解质复合纳米粒子CS-g-PNIPAM/CMC-g-PNIPAM,并以5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)为模型药物研究了纳米粒子对药物的负载与可控释放性能。当CMC-g-PNIPAM与CS-g-PNIPAM的质量比为3:7时,形成的纳米粒子结构最稳定,动态光散射(DLS)测得其平均粒径为116nm,粒径分布较窄。载药纳米粒子对5-FU具有较高的载药量和包封率。在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中的释药行为表明,其累积药物释放量随pH和温度的增加而增大,表现出良好的pH与温度可控性能。     

壳聚糖/丝素纳米纤维载药多层膜的构建和抗菌应用

构建抗菌表面涂层,是解决医疗器械表面因黏附生长细菌引发医源性感染的理想途径.因此,本研究利用层层自组装技术,以静电相互作用为驱动力制备了壳聚糖/丝素纳米纤维(CHI/SNF)多层膜,通过紫外-分光光度计(UV-Vis)追踪该多层膜的组装过程,并使用扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行形貌分析.然后,通过引入天然抗菌药物小檗碱(BBR)获得BBR-CHI/SNF多层膜.初步探讨了该载药多层膜的体外药物释放行为和对金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌的抗菌性能.测试结果表明,多层膜的载药量能够通过调整膜的层数来控制.多层膜具备抗细菌黏附及一定抑菌性能,负载BBR后,通过BBR与多层膜内CHI的协同作用,抗菌性能得到了提升,抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌的生长,其抑制率分别达到了(59.62±4.28)%和(51.65±3.77)%.总而言之,本研究构建了一种兼具抑菌和抗细菌黏附功能的载药多层膜,该多层膜制备简单,性能易于调控,基底灵活,因此在生物医用材料表面抗菌领域具有良好的应用前景.     

新型仿生聚合物胶束用于纳米药物载体的研究

对两亲性聚合物进行设计和优化, 从细胞膜仿生的设计出发, 利用原子转移自由基聚合, 制备了一种以胆固醇为疏水段、以仿细胞膜磷酸胆碱基聚合物为亲水段的两亲性分子CMPC. 在对其溶液胶束自组装行为进行探索的基础上, 以水包油(O/W)溶剂挥发法制备了包含抗癌药物阿霉素(ADR)的纳米抗癌药物载体, 通过体外细胞培养, 研究了仿细胞膜两亲分子的细胞相容性, 并对抗癌纳米药物载体抗肿瘤细胞的药效进行了初步研究.     

载药脂质体复合缺钙磷灰石骨水泥支架的研究

采用食盐颗粒浸出法制备了缺钙磷灰石水泥(CPC)多孔支架;用脂质体包裹盐酸万古霉素制备了载药脂质体。将它们两者结合,制备了脂质体载药复合缺钙磷灰石水泥(dl-CPC)支架。结果表明:缺钙CPC多孔支架能够将载药脂质体吸附在其大孔表面或微孔里;dl-CPC支架对MC3T3-E1细胞的生长没有负面影响,显示出良好的细胞相容性。此外,dl-CPC支架具有很好的抗菌性能,能够抑制大肠杆菌生长,抗菌率达99%(12 h)。dl-CPC支架浸泡在磷酸缓冲溶液中,释放药物的速度比较缓慢(前4周);而直接吸附药物的CPC支架,在1周内大部分药物释放出来,出现暴释现象。另结果表明:dl-CPC支架具有缓释药物和骨再生的双重功能,可用于骨缺损的修复及治疗慢性骨髓炎。     

Smart Titanium Coating Composed of Antibiotic Conjugated Peptides as an Infection‐Responsive Antibacterial Agent

Antibacterial coating is rapidly emerging as a pivotal strategy for mitigating spread of bacterial pathogens. However, many challenges still need to be overcome in order to develop a smart coating that can achieve on‐demand antibacterial effects. In this study, a Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) sensitive peptide sequence is designed, and an antibiotic is then conjugated with this tailor‐made peptide. The antibiotic‐peptide conjugate is then linked to the surface of a titanium implant, where the peptide can be recognized and cleaved by an enzyme secreted by S. aureus. This allows for the release of antibiotics in the presence of S. aureus, thus achieving delivery of an antibacterial specifically when an infection occurs.     

Polyethylene Glycol Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded with Nigella sativa Extract: A Smart Antibacterial Therapeutic Drug Delivery System

Flaky graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Hummer’s method and then capped with polyethylene glycol (PEG) by an esterification reaction, then loaded with Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seed extract. Aiming to investigate their potential use as a smart drug delivery system against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, the spectral and structural characteristics of GO-PEG NPs were comprehensively analyzed by XRD, AFM, TEM, FTIR, and UV- Vis. XRD patterns revealed that GO-PEG had different crystalline structures and defects, as well as a higher interlayer spacing. AFM results showed GONPs with the main grain size of 24.41 nm, while GONPs–PEG revealed graphene oxide aggregation with the main grain size of 287.04 nm after loading N. sativa seed extract, which was verified by TEM examination. A strong OH bond appeared in FTIR spectra. Furthermore, UV- Vis absorbance peaks at (275, 284, 324, and 327) nm seemed to be correlated with GONPs, GO–PEG, N. sativa seed extract, and GO –PEG- N. sativa extract. The drug delivery system was observed to destroy the bacteria by permeating the bacterial nucleic acid and cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in the loss of cell wall integrity, nucleic acid damage, and increased cell-wall permeability.     

掺杂Ag纳米BaTiO3抑菌剂的制备及其性能

掺杂Ag纳米BaTiO3抑菌剂的制备及其性能;溶胶-凝胶;掺杂Ａｇ;ＢａＴｉＯ３;抑菌性能     

新型介孔羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖-万古霉素药物释放系统复合材料的制备及体外抗菌和成骨能力

采用冷冻干燥法合成了介孔羟基磷灰石(HA)/壳聚糖(CS)-万古霉素(VCM)药物释放系统复合材料, 利用SEM, XRD和FTIR等方法对材料进行了表征. 结果证实CS与HA混合复合材料具有良好的孔径和孔隙率, 万古霉素吸附于复合材料的表面和内部. 细胞毒性实验[噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法]结果表明, 材料可以促进成骨细胞增殖且具有良好的细胞相容性. 体外抑菌实验结果证实此材料可长时间抑制耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)的生长, 具有良好的抑菌和杀菌能力. 细胞黏附实验结果表明, 成骨细胞附着于材料表面增殖并通过孔道延伸. 实时聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)实验结果表明, 在成骨相关标志产物胶原蛋白-1(COL-1)及骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)基因上均有较高的表达, 表明材料在体外可以促进成骨细胞生长, 具有良好的成骨能力.     

Antibacterial Activity of Dental Composite with Ciprofloxacin Loaded Silver Nanoparticles

Resin composites have been widely used in dental restoration. However, polymerization shrinkage and resultant bacterial microleakage are major limitations that may lead to secondary caries. To overcome this, a new type of antibacterial resin composite containing ciprofloxacin-loaded silver nanoparticles (CIP-AgNPs) were synthesized. The chemical reduction approach successfully produced CIP-AgNPs, as demonstrated by FTIR, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. CIP-AgNPs were added to resin composites and the antibacterial activity of the dental composite discs were realized against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and the Saliva microcosm. The biocompatibility of modified resin composites was assessed and mechanical testing of modified dental composites was also performed. The results indicated that the antibacterial activity and compressive strength of resin composites containing CIP-AgNPs were enhanced compared to the control group. They were also biocompatible when compared to resin composites containing AgNPs. In short, these results established strong ground application for CIP-AgNP-modified dental composite resins.     

纳米稀土谷氨酸咪唑三元配合物的合成、表征及抗菌活性研究

合成了6种新型纳米稀土三元配合物。通过元素分析、摩尔电导、红外光谱、紫外光谱、氢谱、碳谱、热重-差热等表征,确定了该类配合物的化学组成为：RE（Glu）3ImCl3·3H2O（RE=La^3＋,Nd^3＋,Er^3＋,Eu^3＋,Y^3＋,Gd^3＋;Glu=L-谷氨酸;Im=咪唑）,TEM电镜测试表明其有一定规则形貌,粒径在30-60 nm。通过抗菌实验对其抑菌效果进行研究,结果表明：6种纳米稀土三元配合物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌均有较强的抑制作用（最小抑菌浓度MIC分别约为140,100,250μg·ml^-1）,属于广谱抗菌剂;抗菌效果明显优于非纳米稀土三元配合物、稀土氯化物、L-谷氨酸或咪唑。     

Hybrid Microgels with Antibacterial Properties

In the present work, we have used aqueous microgels as containers for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). It has been shown that AgNPs can be effectively incorporated in the microgel interior during the in situ reduction of silver ions. Obtained hybrid microgels with variable AgNPs loading (from 1 to 12 wt.‐%) have been used as antibacterial agents for two bacteria types. The experimental results indicate that porous microgel structure allows the release of the silver ions from the AgNPs surface into an aqueous phase. This ensures effective reduction in the number of bacterial colonies in test plates and complete bacteria killing. The antibacterial efficiency of the microgel particles increases with AgNPs loading.

     

Studies on Curcumin Loaded Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Silver Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Antibacterial and Drug Releasing Applications

Design of silver nanoparticles containing poly(N-isopropylarclamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogels were prepared by free-radical polymerization of N-isopropylarclamide as an environmentally sensitive monomer and MBA as a crosslinker in an aqueous medium. The embedded silver nanocomposite hydrogels (AgNCH) structure were characterized by, UV-Vis, FTIR, DLS, TEM and X-ray analysis. Curcumin loading and release characteristics were performed for PNIPAAm hydrogel, silver ions loaded hydrogels as well as silver nanocomposite hydrogels. These curcumin loaded silver nanocomposite hydrogels exhibit excellent antibacterial action on Escherichia coli (E. coli). Therefore, the present study clearly provides novel antimicrobial hydrogels which are potentially useful in biomedical applications.     

PPEGMEA-g-PMAA全亲水接枝共聚物包埋甲氨喋呤体外控释的研究

以全亲水接枝共聚物PPEGMEA-g-PMAA为载体材料,以甲氨喋呤(MTX)为模型药物,通过物理包埋和化学键合法制备MTX药物缓释体系,探讨了pH值、制备方法等对载药量、包埋率和释药行为等的影响,两种体系均可以通过改变pH值来控制药物的释放和释放速率。