The index for Fredholm elements in a Banach algebra via a trace II

We show that the index defined via a trace for Fredholm elements in a Banach algebra has the property that an index zero Fredholm element can be decomposed as the sum of an invertible element and an element in the socle. We identify the set of index zero Fredholm elements as an upper semiregularity with the Jacobson property. The Weyl spectrum is then characterized in terms of the index.     

The Fredholm Index for Elements of Toeplitz-Composition C<Superscript>*</Superscript>-Algebras

We analyze the essential sectrum and index theory of elements of Toeplitz-composition C^*-algebras (algebras generated by the Toeplitz algebra and a single linear-fractional composition operator, acting on the Hardy space of the unit disk). For automorphic composition operators we show that the quotient of the Toeplitz-composition algebra by the compacts is isomorphic to the crossed product C^*-algebra for the action of the symbol on the boundary circle. Using this result we obtain sufficient conditions for polynomial elements of the algebra to be Fredholm, by analyzing the spectrum of elements of the crossed product. We also obtain an integral formula for the Fredholm index in terms of a generalized Chern character. Finally we prove an index formula for the case of the non-parabolic, non-automorphic linear fractional maps studied by Kriete, MacCluer and Moorhouse.     

The Exponential Map on the Free Loop Space is Fredholm

We study the exponential map on Hilbert riemannian manifolds and show that on the free loop space it is a nonlinear Fredholm map of index zero. Among corollaries we obtain that only one type of conjugate points exists in . This answers a question of W. Klingenberg. Submitted: December 1996, revised version: March 1997.     

Exponential decay and Fredholm properties in second-order quasilinear elliptic systems

We consider second-order quasilinear elliptic systems on unbounded domains in the setting of Sobolev spaces. We complete our earlier work on the Fredholm and properness properties of the associated differential operators by giving verifiable conditions for the linearization to be Fredholm of index zero. This opens the way to using the degree for C¹-Fredholm maps of index zero as a tool in the study of such quasilinear systems. Our work also enables us to check the Fredholm assumption which plays an important role in Rabier's approach to proving exponential decay to zero at infinity of solutions.     

An Invertibility Criterion in a C*-Algebra Acting on the Hardy Space with Applications to Composition Operators

In this paper, we prove an invertibility criterion for certain operators which is given as a linear algebraic combination of Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers acting on the Hardy space of the unit disc. Very similar to the case of Toeplitz operators, we prove that such operators are invertible if and only if they are Fredholm and their Fredholm index is zero. As an application, we prove that for “quasi-parabolic” composition operators the spectra and the essential spectra are equal.     

Normal operators in -algebras without nice approximants

The second author constructed a separable direct limit -algebra with real rank zero containing a normal element whose spectrum is the closed unit disk that is not the limit of normal elements in the limiting algebras, and is not a limit of normals in the algebra having finite spectrum. We use Fredholm index theory to modify and simplify this construction to obtain such examples that are not limits of any ``nice' types of elements.

     

Elliptic quasicomplexes in Boutet de Monvel algebra

We consider quasicomplexes of Boutet de Monvel operators in Sobolev spaces on a smooth compact manifold with boundary. To each quasicomplex we associate two complexes of symbols. One complex is defined on the cotangent bundle of the manifold and the other on that of the boundary. The quasicomplex is elliptic if these symbol complexes are exact away from the zero sections. We prove that elliptic quasicomplexes are Fredholm. As a consequence of this result we deduce that a compatibility complex for an overdetermined elliptic boundary problem operator is also Fredholm. Moreover, we introduce the Euler characteristic for elliptic quasicomplexes of Boutet de Monvel operators.     

Functional Calculus and Joint Torsion of Pairs of Almost Commuting Operators

This paper investigates the transformation of determinants of pairs of Fredholm operators with trace class commutators. We study the extent to which the functional calculus commutes, modulo operator ideals, with projections in a finitely summable Fredholm module. As an application, we extend some results of Carey and Pincus on determinants of Toeplitz operators and Tate tame symbols. Additionally, we obtain variational formulas for joint torsion.     

On a stopping rule for iterative orthogonalization of symmetric matrices

In this paper we consider three versions of Kovarik's iterative orthogonalization algorithms, for approximating the minimal norm solution of symmetric least squares problems. Although the convergence of these algorithms is linear, in practical applications we observed that a too big number of iterations can dramatically deteriorate the already obtained approximation. In this respect we analyse the above mentioned Kovarik–like methods according to the modifications they make on the “machine zero” eigenvalues of the problem (symmetric) matrix. We establish a theoretical almost optimal formula for the number of iterations necessary to obtain an enough accurate approximation, as well as to avoid the above mentioned troubles. Experiments on collocation discretization of a Fredholm first kind integral equation ilustrate the efficiency of our considerations. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Toeplitz algebra and Hankel algebra on the harmonic Bergman space

In this paper we completely characterize compact Toeplitz operators on the harmonic Bergman space. By using this result we establish the short exact sequences associated with the Toeplitz algebra and the Hankel algebra. We show that the Fredholm index of each Fredholm operator in the Toeplitz algebra or the Hankel algebra is zero.     

Hardy空间H~1(S)上Toeplitz算子的Fredholm性质

本文讨论了Toeplitz算子在Hardy空间H1(S)上的Fredholm性质.证明了在单位球面S上处处不为零的连续函数φ具有对数有界平均振动时,以其为符号的Toeplitz算子Tφ是Fredholm算子,并且此时Tφ的指标为零.     

On multidimensional difference operators and equations

We study the solvability of multidimensional difference equations in Sobolev–Slobodetskii spaces. In the simplest model case, we describe the solvability picture for such equations. In the general case, we present conditions for the Fredholm property and a theorem on the zero index.     

Equivalence after extension and Schur coupling coincide for inessential operators

In recent years the coincidence of the operator relations equivalence after extension (EAE) and Schur coupling (SC) was settled for the Hilbert space case. For Banach space operators, it is known that SC implies EAE, but the converse implication is only known for special classes of operators, such as Fredholm operators with index zero and operators that can in norm be approximated by invertible operators. In this paper we prove that the implication EAE $?$ SC also holds for inessential Banach space operators. The inessential operators were introduced as a generalization of the compact operators, and include, besides the compact operators, also the strictly singular and strictly co-singular operators; in fact they form the largest ideal such that the invertible elements in the associated quotient algebra coincide with (the equivalence classes of) the Fredholm operators.     

Leggett-Williams norm-type theorems for coincidences

We study the existence of positive solutions to the operator equation Lx = Nx, where L is a linear Fredholm mapping of index zero and N is a nonlinear operator. Using the properties of cones in Banach spaces and Leray-Schauder degree for completely continuous operators, k-set contractions and condensing mappings, we obtain some refinements of the results established in [3] and [14]. Received: 9 July 2005; revised: 12 January 2006     

On parameters influencing the stability of quadrature methods for singular integral equations with conjugation

In this paper, we study an approximation method for solving singular integral equations with conjugation on an open arc. The stability of the method depends on the invertibility of certain operators which belong to well-known algebras. We investigate properties of these operators and show how to choose the parameters of the approximation method so that the Fredholm indices of the operators mentioned become equal to zero.     

The Euler characteristic is stable under compact perturbations

We prove in the general case the stability under compact perturbations of the index (i.e. the Euler characteristic) of a Fredholm complex of Banach spaces. In particular, we obtain the corresponding stability property for Fredholm multioperators. These results are the consequence of a similar statement, concerning more general objects called Fredholm pairs.

     

On nonlinear Fredholm integral equations with non-differentiable Nemystkii operator

From decomposition method for operators, we consider a Newton-Steffensen iterative scheme for approximating a solution of nonlinear Fredholm integral equations with non-differentiable Nemystkii operator. By means of a convergence study of the iterative scheme applied to this type of nonlinear Fredholm integral equations, we obtain domains of existence and uniqueness of solution for these equations. In addition, we illustrate this study with a numerical experiment.     

Numerical method for solving linear Fredholm fuzzy integral equations of the second kind

In this paper we use parametric form of fuzzy number and convert a linear fuzzy Fredholm integral equation to two linear system of integral equation of the second kind in crisp case. We can use one of the numerical method such as Nystrom and find the approximation solution of the system and hence obtain an approximation for fuzzy solution of the linear fuzzy Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. The proposed method is illustrated by solving some numerical examples.     

Linear elliptic boundary value problems in varying domains

The paper is devoted to the study of solutions to linear elliptic boundary value problems in domains depending smoothly on a small perturbation parameter. To this end we transform the boundary value problem onto a fixed reference domain and obtain a problem in a fixed domain but with differential operators depending on the perturbation parameter. Using the Fredholm property of the underlying operator we show the differentiability of the transformed solution under the assumption that the dimension of the kernel does not depend on the perturbation parameter. Furthermore, we obtain an explicit representation for the corresponding derivative.