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1.
The optimal reduction conditions for Pt/Al2O3 vary depending on whether the catalyst is fresh or lined-out and chlorine is present or absent. Optimal pretreatment conditions proposed by previous workers for fresh catalysts therefore have no meaning for industrial reformers since reforming catalysts spend most of their life under line-out conditions. Results from this work lend support to the strong hydrogen chemisorption theory.
Pt/Al2O3 , , . , , , , .. . .
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2.
The formation of a previously unknown compound with stoichiometry Li6SiN2O2 was found during studies on the reactivity of Li2SiN2 with Li2O, of SiO2 with Li3N and of Li3SiNO2 with Li3N.
Zusammenfassung Die Bildung einer bisher unbekannten Verbindung der Stöchiometrie Li6SiN2O2 wurde bei Untersuchungen der Reaktivität von Li2SiN2 mit LiO, von SiO2 mit Li3N und von Li3SiNO2 mit Li3N beobachtet.

Li6SiN2O2 Li2SiN2 , , Li3SiNO2 .
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3.
MoO3 can react with the gamma phase of bismuth molybdate (Bi2MoO6) in the conditions of propene oxidation to form the alpha phase (Bi2Mo3O12) resulting in a more selective catalyst for propene oxidation to acrolein. Intimate contact between MoO3 and the gamma phase is an important factor favoring the formation of the alpha phase.
MoO3 - (Bi2MoO6), - (Bi2Mo3O12), .
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4.
The phase equilibria in the total range of component concentrations in the V2O5-Cr2O3 system up to 1000 °C were studied by means of phase powder diffraction and DTA. Two compounds exist in the system: CrVO4, melting incongruently at 860±5 °C, and Cr2V4O13, which decomposes in the solid state at 640±5 °C to CrVO4(s) and V2O5(s). At 645±5 °C, CrVO4 and V2O5 form a eutectic mixture with the CrVO4 content not exceeding 2% mol.
Zusammenfassung Mittels DTA und Pulverdiffraktionsaufnahmen wurde das Phasengleichgewicht des Systems V2O5-Cr2O3 bis 1000 °C im gesamten Konzentrationsbereich untersucht. Innerhalb des Systemes existieren zwei Verbindungen: CrVO4 mit einem inkongruentem Schmelzpunkt bei 860±5 °C und Cr2V4O13, das sich in festem Zustand bei 640±5 °C in CrVO4(s) und V2O5(s) zersetzt. Bei 645±5 °C bilden CrVO4 und V2O5 ein eutektisches Gemisch mit einem maximalen CrVO4-Gehalt von 2 mol%.

DTA V25-Cr23 1000° . : CrVO4, 860±5° Cr2V4O13, 640±5° CrVO4 V2O5, 645±5° CrVO4, 2 %.
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5.
The thermal decomposition of Pu(C2O4)2 · 6H2O has been studied in both argon and oxygen using a combination of thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy. Decomposition in an inert atmosphere involves reduction of the cation to the trivalent state and its subsequent reoxidation to form PuO2. In an oxidizing atmosphere, with unrestricted access of oxygen, reduction of the cation does not take place and decomposition to PuO2 is through the oxycarbonate. The reduction of Pu(IV) appears to take place by a carbon monoxide catalyzed mechanism and the presence of carbon in the PuO2 decomposition product is attributed to the disproportionation of CO.
Zusammenfassung Die thermische Zersetzung von Pu(C2O4)2 · 6 H2O wurde sowohl in Argon als auch in Sauerstoff unter Anwendung einer Kombination der Thermogravimetrie und der Infrarotspektroskopie untersucht. Die Zersetzung in einer inerten Atmosphäre umfaßt die Reduktion des Kations zur Dreiwertigen Form und seiner darauffolgenden Reoxidation zu PuO2. In einer oxidierenden Atmosphäre mit unbeschränktem Sauerstoffzutritt findet die Reduktion des Kations nicht statt und die Zersetzung in PuO2 erfolgt über das Oxycarbonat. Die Reduktion von Pu(IV) scheint durch einen kohlenmonoxidkatalysierten Mechanismus zu erfolgen und die Gegenwart von Kohle in dem PuO2-Zersetzungsprodukt wird der Disproportionierung von CO zugeschrieben.

Résumé On a étudié la décomposition thermique de Pu(C2O4)2 · 6 H2O dans l'argon et dans l'oxygène à la fois par thermogravimétrie et par spectroscopie infrarouge. La décom-position dans une atmosphère inerte met en jeu la réduction du cation à l'état trivalent et sa réoxydation subséquente pour donner PuO2. En atmosphère oxydante, avec accès nonlimité d'oxygène, la réduction du cation n'a pas lieu et la décomposition en PuO2 s'effectue par l'intermédiaire de l'oxycarbonate. La réduction de Pu(IV) semble avoir lieu par un mécanisme catalysé par le monoxyde de carbone et on attribue la présence du carbone dans le produit de décomposition PuO2 à la dismutation de CO.

Pu(C2O4)2 · 62 ,
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6.
Spray decomposition of solutions is an uncommon but very promising technique for the preparation of multicomponent solid systems with welldefined structure. The experimental arrangement is described and a summary of the systems prepared until now is given. These are MgO–ZnO, CaO, CdO, Al2O3. Fe2O3 solid solutions and CdO. CdSO4 and Al2O3. Al2(SO4)3 systems.
, , . : MgO·ZnO, CaO·CdO,. Al2O3·Fe2O3 CdO·CdSO4 Al2O3·Al2 (SO4)3.
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7.
The results of CHDO/SP calculations do not support the detection of H2O ions in MgY and CaY zeolites.
CNDO/SP H2O MgY CaY.
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8.
    
NO2 ( CCl4, 22°). .
The kinetics and mechanism of cyclohexane oxidation by ozonized oxygen have been studied in the presence of NO2. The proposed mechanism involves the following steps: (1) O3+NO2N3+O2; (2) NO2+N3N2O5, (3) N3+RHR+HNO3, (4) R+O2R2, (5) R2+NO2ROONO2 In CCl4 at 22°C, k2/k3=(1.2±0.4)×104 and k1=(1.0±0.3)x x 105l mol–1s–1.
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9.
Sintering results of Pd supported on carbon black at 723–973 K, in water vapor, in H2 and under high vacuum are reported. They are compared with sintering data of Pd on other supports. The observed sequences are: SiO2C>sepioliteAl2O3>AlPO4 and H2O>high vacuum>H2.
Pd 723–973 , , H2 . Pd . : SiO2Al2O3>AlPO4 H2O> >H2.
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10.
Silica supported heteropoly acids are active in n-hexane cracking, while the pure compounds (except H3PW12O40) are inactive. This result is explained by a partial transformation of H6P2W18O62 and H6P2W21O71 (H2O)3 into H3PW12O40. In the case of H4SiW12O40, the polyanion in interaction with silica leads to superacidic species upon thermal treatment.
, , -, ( H3PW12O40) . H6P2W18O62 H6P2W21O71 (H2O)3 H3PW12O40. H4SiW12O40 , , .
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11.
Infrared spectra in the 600, 700, and 1000 cm–1 regions and X-ray investigations indicate that during H2S+O2 reaction in the temperature region of 293–473 K partial dealumination of the NaX zeolite crystal structure occurs. The dealumination increases with reaction temperature.
- 600, 700 7000 –1 , H2S+O2 293–473 NaX. .
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12.
The decreased activity of bimetallic catalysts obtained by the interaction of Ru3(CO)12 with Pd/SiO2 in the synthesis of hydrocarbons from CO and H2 and in ethane hydrogenolysis compared with Ru/SiO2 is due to the dilution, of ruthenium by less active palladium atoms.
, Ru3(CO)12 Pd/SiO2, CO Ru/SiO2 .
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13.
Ten transition metal cluster complexes with parent and substituted cyclopentadienyl ligands, [(5-C5H4 CH2CH2)2O][MFeCoS(CO)8]2 (2 M=Mo; 3 M=W), (5-C5H5)(5-RC5H4)MFeNiS(CO)5 (5 M=Mo, R=Me; 6M= W, R=H), (5-C5H5)[5-C5H4C(O)CH2]2[WFeNiS(CO)5][WFeCoS(CO)8] (8), (5-C5H5)2[5-C5H4 C(O)CH2]2[WFeNiS(CO)5]2 (9), (5-RC5H4)[(5-C5H4CH2CH2)2O][Mo2FeS(CO)7][MoFeCoS (CO)8] (10R=MeCO; 12 R=MeO2C), (5-RC5H4)2[(5-C5H4CH2CH2)2O][Mo2FeS(CO)7]2 (11 R=MeCO; 13 R=MeO2C), were synthesized through single and double isolobal displacements and characterized by elemental analyses, i.r., 1H-n.m.r. and MS techniques.  相似文献   

14.
The kinetics of the oxidation of ascorbic acid by [(NH3)5RuORu(NH3)4ORu(NH3)5]7+ has been studied by the stopped-flow method. The activation parameters have been calculated and a possible mechanism is suggested.
[(NH3)5RuORu(NH3)4ORu·(NH3)5]7+ . .
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15.
Diffusion coefficients of CCl 3 . radicals at T=298–343 K have been measured using the photochemical space intermittence method. The estimated activation energy of CCl 3 . diffusion in CCl3Br solutions amounts to 24 kJ/mol.
298–343 . CCl 3 . 24 /.
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16.
A systematic TG/DTG/DTA analysis is reported of anhydrous and heptahydrate forms of tris-phenanthroline and tris-pyridyl complexes of nickel(II), whose kinetic parameters were calculated by five different methods. The dehydration and de-ligation steps are descrete in Ni(phen)3Cl2 · 7 H2O, while those in Ni(bipy)3Cl2 · 7 H2O are mixed. Partial loss of the ligand is common for both hydrated and anhydrous compounds. In most cases the activation energyE a calculated from the mechanism-non-invoking equation of Horowitz and Metzger is in good agreement with that found from the mechanism-based relation of Mampel. There is an appreciable variation in magnitude in the results obtained from the different relations for the evaluation ofE a. It is inferred that such kinetic data are of significance in comparisons of the decomposition processes in related systems but not as absolute quantities.
Zusammenfassung Eine systematische TG/DTG/DTA Analyse für wasserfreie und heptahydrate Formen der Tris-Phenantrolin- und Bipyridylkomplexe von Nickel(II), deren kinetische Parameter durch fünf verschiedene Methoden berechnet wurden, wird beschrieben. Die Dehydratisierung und Abspaltung der Liganden erfolgt im Ni(phen)3Cl2 · 7 H2O, diskret, während sie sich im Ni(bipy)3Cl2 7 H2O überlagern. Ein teilweiser Verlust des Liganden erfolgt sowohl für hydratisierte als auch für wasserfreie Verbindungen. In den meisten Fällen ist die aus dem Mechanismus der Nicht-Invokationsgleichung von Horowitz und Metzger berechnete AktivierungsenergieE a in guter Übereinstimmung mit der berechneten aus dem auf dem Mampelschen Zusammenhang beruhenden Mechanismus. Innerhalb der verschiedenen, zur Bewertung vonE a gesuchten Zusammenhänge, besteht eine deutliche Variation in der Größe. Es wird daraus abgeleitet, daß solche kinetische Daten hinsichtlich des Vergleichs der Zersetzungsprozesse verwandter Systeme von Bedeutung, doch nicht als absolute Werte zu betrachten sind.

// , . Ni ( )3Cl2. 7H2O2 — , Ni ()3Cl2. 72 - . . E a, , , . E a, E a. , .


We are grateful to Prof. V. K. Phansalkar, Head of the Department of Chemistry, for the facilities and encouragement given during the work. We are also grateful to Prof. A. K. Chakraborty, IACS, Calcutta, for providing the facilities for the thermal studies. One of the authors (P. S. D.) is grateful to CSIR, New Delhi for financial assistance during this work.  相似文献   

17.
    
The influence of Na+ cations, introduced into the support from different compounds, on the formation of cobalt species on -alumina surface has been studied. The monitoring of the Co3O4/CoAl2O4 critical ratio has been obtained using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Sodium cations were deposited on the carrier surface by dry impregnation with aqueous solutions of NaNO3, NaOH and CH3COONa as well as with a solution of CH3COONa in CH3COOH. The active phase was mounted on the doped supports by pore volume impregnation with aqueous Co(NO3)2·6H2O solutions. Sodium cations catalyze the solid transformation of Co3O4 into CoAl2O4. The extent of this transformation is nearly independent of the particular sodium compound used.
Na+, , , - . Co3O4/CoAl2O4 - . NaNO3 NaOH CH3COONa, CH3COONa CH3COOH. Co(NO3)2·6H2O. , Co3O4 CoAl2O4. .
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18.
Liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenatio of E-cinnamaldehyde was carried out by using new supported nickel catalysts (Ni/AlPO4, Ni/AlPO4–Al2O3 and Ni/AlPO4–SiO2) in methanol as solvent under low hydrogen pressure (4.1 bar) and 298 K. The kinetic orders are zero in H2 and aldehyde. The selectivity to the hydrogenaton of the C=C double bond is very high (>99%)
- (Ni/AlPO4, Ni/AlPO4–Al2O3 Ni/AlPO4–SiO2) (4,1 ) 298 . H2 . C–C (>90%).
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19.
    
H2PtCl6 H2PdCl4 -Al2O3 HCl. Pt Pd . -Al2O3.
The adsorption of H2PtCl6 and H2PdCl4 on -Al2O3 from aqueous HCl solutions has been studied. A correlation has been found between the optimum metal concentration and the dispersity of Pt or Pd, and the coverage of chemisorption sites on Al2O3 by ions of the supported compounds.
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20.
Twelve new complexes NH4[Co(DH)2(SO3)(amine)]·t H2O (DH 2=dimethylglyoxime) have been synthesized and characterized. Their i.r. spectra show the SO3 to be co-ordinated to the Co atom through the S atom. The thermal decompositions of a series of derivatives of this type have been investigated with a derivatograph. The first process is an endothermic dehydration reaction, occurring in a single stage or in two successive ones. The loss of the crystallization water is followed by another endothermic reaction, without a clear stoichiometry, which is referred to as deamination. At higher temperatures, exothermic pyrolysis processes occur. From the TG curves, kinetic parameters have been derived for the dehydration and deamination reactions.
Zusammenfassung Zwölf neue Komplexe der allgemeinen Formel NH4[Co(DH)2(SO3)(amin)]·t H2O (DH=Dimethylglyoxim) wurden synthetisiert und charakterisiert. Die IR-Spektren zeigen, daß SO3 über das S-Atom koordinativ an das Co-Atom gebunden ist. Die thermische Zersetzung einer Reihe von Derivaten dieses Typs wurde mittels eines Derivatographen untersucht. Der erste Prozeß ist die in einem einzigen oder in zwei aufeinander folgenden Schritten verlaufende endotherme Dehydratisierung. Auf die Abgabe des Kristallwassers folgt eine andere endotherme Reaktion unklarer Stöchiometrie, die als Deaminierung bezeichnet wird. Bei höheren Temperaturen verlaufen exotherme Pyrolyseprozesse. Aus den TG-Kurven wurden kinetische Parameter für die Dehydratisierung und die Deaminierung bestimmt.

NH4Co(DH)2(SO3)(a)]·tH2O, DH 2 — . , . . , . «». . .
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