非线性连续统力学应变率和应力率的近期探讨

本文对连续统力学的两个基本概念——应变率和应力率——进行了若干考虑,并提出一些结果.首先对应变和应力概念作了一个扼要的系统回顾.第二节用绝对符号法给出一个至今尚属未知的右伸长张量时间变化率的显表达式.尔后,本工作提议区分定义客观性应力率的两种途径.按照第二种途径分析了若干特例之后,作者提出一个称为广义Jaumann导数的作为客观性应力率.它包含了大部分现有的应力率定义,以及Hill的结果.     

近拟常曲率黎曼流形中的伪脐子流形

研究近拟常曲率黎曼流形中的紧致伪脐子流形,利用活动标架法,得到了这类子流形的Simons型积分不等式及其刚性定理.     

希尔伯特空间中近似标架的构造及扰动

近似标架是标架的一个推广,近些年引起了一些学者的关注.本文研究近似标架的构造.证明了近似标架在有界满射作用下的像仍是近似标架;给出了近似标架的一些扰动结果;例子表明我们的结果是最优的.     

几何非线性非协调模式研究

提出一类解除单元间协调约束的大变形变分原理,适用于任意非协调函数而无需预先施加收敛约束。由此建立了适用于不同标架的非线性精化直接刚度法。其列式只对应变项做简单修改,其余步骤与直接刚度法相同。     

高温合金GH4169的失效特性及失效模型研究

对GH4169高温合金开展了不同应力三轴度（-0.33~0.33）、不同应变率（0.001~5 000 s-1）、不同温度（293~1 073 K）条件下的材料性能试验.基于Johnson-Cook失效模型的框架,研究了Johnson-Cook(JC)失效模型及已有文献提出的修改形式中应力三轴度项拟合结果的不确定性及应变率对失效应变的线性关系描述局限性问题,通过提出的特定参数确定方法与耦合应力三轴度的应变率效应指数函数,建立了一种唯象修正的失效模型.基于GH4169高温合金的试验结果,标定了修正的失效模型与JC模型中各个参数.结果表明:在不同应力三轴度下,GH4169的失效应变表现出不同的应变率效应;与传统的JC模型相比,修正的失效模型更能够较好地描述GH4169的失效行为;同时能够保证失效应变的非负性.     

基于CR列式的无应力状态控制法基本方程

简述了无应力状态控制法的基本理论,并且介绍了CR列式的基本原理.基于CR列式分析方法,分析了传统增量法和无应力状态控制法参考标架的不同,并在此基础上推导了无应力状态控制法的基本方程,得到的公式表明:采用CR列式分析方法来剖析无应力状态控制法的基本方程,是完全可行的,并且力学概念清晰.最后以实例分析了无应力状态控制法的运用.     

一类指定应力问题的变分原理与应用

针对有限元分析中对应力或内力有指定条件的问题,引入非弹性应变作为实现指定应力条件的附加未知量,在小变形条件下描述了指定应力条件应当满足的弹性力学控制方程;以位移和未知非弹性应变作为独立变量,建立了具有指定应力条件问题的势能变分原理和虚功方程;以位移、弹性应变、未知非弹性应变和应力为独立变量,建立了一个含四类变量的广义变...     

含主应力轴旋转的土体一般应力应变关系

本文利用矩阵理论,分析了使主应力轴产生旋转的应力增量特性,并将一般应力增量分解为与应力共主轴部分及使之产生旋转部分。据此,将含主应力轴旋转的复杂三维问题简化为三维应力应变共轴问题和三主值不变绕某一主轴旋转问题的结合,大大简化了分析的难度。文中还结合有关模型给出了一般三维问题的具体计算方法。     

关于两曲面交线的不变量

本文研究了R3中相交子流形的不变量.利用活动标架法,得出了一个类似的欧拉公式. 即两曲面交线的挠率可以用两曲面的测地挠率、法曲率及两曲面的夹角表示.     

有限变形下的等效应力和等效应变问题

重点讨论了在有限变形条件下，弹塑性理论中的等效应力、等效应变是否仍然成立．选择了平面应力和平面应变下的单向压缩应力状态，对这一问题进行了探讨．在这两种应力状态下，在众多的应力应变描述中，对数应变与旋转Kirchhoff应力得到的应力应变曲线与实验数据符合良好．     

Analysis of the stability of the equilibria of a satellite carrying a two-degree-of-freedom powered gyroscope with dissipation in the axis of the frame

A method that enables a conclusion to be drawn regarding the nature of the Lyapunov stability of the equilibria positions of autonomous systems with partial dissipation from the nature of the secular stability and truncated equations of the linear approximation is developed based on the Barbashin–Krasovskii theorem. The method is used to investigate the stability of the equilibria of a satellite carrying a two-degree-of-freedom powered gyroscope with dissipation in the axis of the frame in a circular orbit. For the case when the axis of the gyroscope frame is oriented parallel to one of the principal axes of inertia of the satellite, the nature of the Lyapunov stability of all the equilibria, with the exception of a few branching points, is determined. It is established that gyroscopic stabilization, which is possible when there is no dissipation in the axis of the frame for certain equilibria that are unstable in the secular sense, breaks down when dissipation occurs.     

Stability analysis of frame structures by bubble-function method

In the stability analysis of frame structures, the results by conventional finite element method (FEM) in which one member is taken as one element are sometimes unavailable. This paper took a new basic function system with bubble functions as the shape function of a bar element to develop a bubble function finite element method (BFEM), in which the bending and the geometric stiffness matrices were derived from the principle of virtual work. Bubble functions are finite element modes that are located entirely within a single element and are zero on boundaries of the element, but are nonzero at the other points. BFEM is as concise as conventional bar FEM but has better accuracy, and is adaptable to the buckling analysis of all kinds of frame structures. The use of bubble functions significantly improves the convergence of finite element analysis, and efficiently reduces the computation cost for the buckling analysis of frame structures. Numerical results show that using bubble functions in finite element for the stability analysis of structures is very efficient, especially for high-rise and large-scale frame structures.     

The finite section method and problems in frame theory

The finite section method is a convenient tool for approximation of the inverse of certain operators using finite-dimensional matrix techniques. In this paper we demonstrate that the method is very useful in frame theory: it leads to an efficient approximation of the inverse frame operator and also solves related computational problems in frame theory. In the case of a frame which is localized w.r.t. an orthonormal basis we are able to estimate the rate of approximation. The results are applied to the reproducing kernel frame appearing in the theory for shift-invariant spaces generated by a Riesz basis.     

On the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform by the use of an optimized Legendre polynomials

A method for inverting the Laplace transform is presented, using a finite series of the classical Legendre polynomials. The method recovers a real valued function f(t) in a finite interval of the positive real axis when f(t) belongs to a certain class and requires the knowledge of its Laplace transform F(s) only at a finite number of discrete points on the real axis s>0. The choice of these points will be carefully considered so as to improve the approximation error as well as to minimize the number of steps needed in the evaluations. The method is tested on few examples, with particular emphasis on the estimation of the error bounds involved.     

大挠度钻柱强度分析的平衡微分方程法

对小井眼、大曲率井中钻柱强度问题,以井轴为基准轴,在对井轴弯挠描述和钻柱微段三维受力变形分析的基础上,建立大位移钻柱平衡微分方程,采用Longe-Kutta法解之求内力,并依此求应力和建立强度条件.对H767侧钻水平井施工中钻柱应力计算分析,结果说明与有限元模型和弹性化软绳模型比较相吻合,该模型比有限元模型计算简捷方便;比弹性化软绳模型更完善可信;该井钻柱破坏事故愿因在于井眼曲率过大,兼有应力集中.     

A constructive approach to the finite wavelet frames over prime fields

In this article, we present a constructive method for computing the frame coefficients of finite wavelet frames over prime fields using tools from computational harmonic analysis and group theory.     

Analysis of adiabatic shear bands in thermo-elasto-viscoplastic materials by using piece-wise discontinuous basis functions

An adiabatic shear band (ASB) is a narrow region of intense plastic deformation that forms when some metallic alloys and some polymers are deformed at high strain rates and there is not enough time for the heat generated by plastic deformations to diffuse away. The study of ASBs is important because an ASB is a precursor to shear/ductile fractures. Initial-boundary-value problems simulating the initiation and propagation of an ASB have been analyzed usually using the finite element method (FEM). Because of the large plastic strains involved, the FE mesh needs to be refined several times to delineate the ASB width. Each refinement requires, in turn, interpolation of data from the previous mesh to the new one which causes a smoothening of the sharp gradients of the deformation fields, and affects characteristics of the ASB. In this paper, we propose the application of the finite element method with piecewise discontinuous basis functions for studying the occurrence of ASBs in simple shearing deformations of a body composed of an isotropic and homogeneous thermo-elastoviscoplastic material. The mathematical model of the problem is defined by a system of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations and an inequality constraint associated with the plastic strain rates admissibility.     

Estimation of material properties of cancellous bone using multiscale FEM

Cancellous bone is a spongy type of bone with voids filled by blood marrow. Without much loss of generality it can be modeled as a material with periodic microstructure where overall parameters can be calculated using homogenization methods. Here the multiscale finite element method is applied and the assumed representative volume element (RVE) is a cube with solid frame and fluid core. From the point of view of the finite element method the RVE is a combination of solid and shell elements. As the acoustic excitation is considered, a complex stiffness matrix and complex displacements appear in the solution of the problem. Calculation of overall properties is repeated for different geometries of the solid frame. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

An uncertainty principle for finite frames

We consider the notion of uncertainty for finite frames. Using a difference operator inspired by the Gauss-Hermite differential equation we obtain a time-frequency measure for finite frames. We then find the minimizer of the measure over all equal norm Parseval frames, dependent on the dimension of the space and the number of elements in the frame. Next we show that given a frame one can find the dual frame that minimizes this time-frequency measure, generalizing some work of Daubechies, Landau and Landau to the finite case and extending some recent work on Sobolev duals for finite frames.     

On the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform by the use of an optimized Legendre polynomials

A method for inverting the Laplace transform is presented, using a finite series of the classical Legendre polynomials. The method recovers a real valued function f(t) in a finite interval of the positive real axis when f(t) belongs to a certain class