黄体酮的合成工艺改进

以植物甾醇为原料,分离得豆甾醇(1); 1经沃氏氧化和臭氧化制得中间体孕甾-4-烯-3-酮-22-醛(3); 3经加成缩合并在CuCl催化下经空气氧化合成了黄体酮,总产率69.1%,其结构经¹H NMR和ESI-MS确证。     

植物甾醇侧链的立体化学——合成24-异-β-麦胚甾醇的试探

本文以C_(20)构型已知的猪去羟胆酸为原料,合成胆固醇的C_(24)-乙基衍生物,企图获得C_(24)异β-麦胚甾醇,以与γ-麦胚甾酵进行比较,从而确定后者的C_(20)的构型.但结果只获得β-麦胚甾醇.     

三乙酸铊氧化3.5—环—24—S—乙基—胆甾—22—烯—6—酮反应的研究

油菜甾醇内酯(Brassinolide,1)是一种高效的植物生长促进剂,其活性与侧链C_22,C_23邻二羟基的构型密切相关,当C_(22),C_(23)为S,S构型时,其活性仅为1的10％左右,在油菜甾醇内酯(1)及其同类物的合成中,C_(22),C_(23)邻二羟基的引入多采用OsO_4氧化法,但所得的主要产物却是非期望的C_(22)S,C_(23)S-二羟基化合物。     

3,5—环—6—甲氧基—孕甾—20（22）—烯立体选择性硼氢化反应的研究

3,5-环-6-甲氧基-孕甾-20S-22-醇1 是合成2的前体,而后者是合成高效植物激素油菜甾醇内酯3及其类似物的关键中间体.     

新型肟基取代豆甾类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以豆甾醇为原料,通过臭氧化将豆甾醇的C20—C22键断裂,再经过官能团转换,合成了22-肟基取代的单肟基化合物(3和9),6,22-二肟基取代的双肟基化合物(13和14)及3,6,22-三肟基化合物(17),其中涉及4个中间体(5~8)及目标化合物9,13,14和17共8个新化合物,其结构经~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR,IR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。采用MTT法测试了化合物对人胃癌细胞(SGC-7901)、人肝癌细胞(Bel-7404)和人体乳腺癌细胞株(He La)的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明,具有22-肟基取代的3-羟基-5-烯结构的豆甾化合物3对受试细胞均有一定活性,IC50分别为34±2μmol·L~(-1),32±1μmol·L~(-1)和38±3μmol·L~(-1)。但是进一步在甾核上引入肟基或羟基的其他几种类型化合物的抗肿瘤活性没有提高。     

24ζ-甲基-20 S-胆甾醇的合成

已发现的天然甾醇均为20R 构型。近年来在地质体中发现了具有20S 构型的甾烷类生物标志化合物,并称之为地质构型。合成20S 构型的甾烷的方法之一是由20S 构型的甾醇为原料。20S-胆甾醇及20S-胆甾烷的合成已有报道,但24ξ-甲基-20S-     

生理活性多羟基甾醇的合成研究

24-亚甲基-胆甾-3β,5a,6β,19-四醇(1)和24-亚甲基-胆甾-5-烯-3β,7β,19-三醇(2)首先是从南中国海软珊瑚Nephtheaalbida及M tiexieralverseveldt中分离得到[1],化合物1对人体直肠癌细胞、人体肺癌细胞、人体口腔癌细胞以及鼠类淋巴癌细胞均具有强烈的毒活性,EDso值分别是0.81,0.93,0.39和0.34μg/mL;化合物2对以上4种癌细胞的EDso值分别是0.69,0.72,0.58和0.24μg/mL[2].1和2在海洋生物中的含量极低,作为我们对海洋生理活性天然产物分离、提取的进一步扩展,我们以豆甾醇为起始原料,通过10步反应合成得到化合物1,总产率9.3%;以豆甾醇为起始原料,通过14步反应合成得到化合物2,总产率3.1%(Scheme 1).     

甾体植物生长促进剂的研究——Ⅻ.一个构成油菜甾醇内酯及其一类物侧链的新方法

本文报道从猪去氧胆酸出发,通过呋喃负离子与22-甾醛的反应以构成油菜甾醇内酯及其一类物侧链,获得了一个合成油菜甾醇内酯及其一类物的关键中间体。     

甾体植物生物调节剂的合成XXⅢ.'从猪去氧胆酸立体选择性合成牡蛎甾醇和油菜甾醇

牡蛎甾醇和油菜甾醇是从猪去氧胆酸所犁20-碳醛为起始物,各经六步反应合成的,总产率分别为48-57%和52-54%.合成的关键步骤是Claisen重排反应.     

甾体植物生物调节剂的合成XXⅢ.'从猪去氧胆酸立体选择性合成牡蛎甾醇和油菜甾醇

牡蛎甾醇和油菜甾醇是从猪去氧胆酸所犁20-碳醛为起始物,各经六步反应合成的,总产率分别为48-57%和52-54%.合成的关键步骤是Claisen重排反应.     

Reduction asymetrique catalysee par des complexes de metaux de transition IV. synthese d''amines chirales au moyen d''un complexe de rhodium et d''isopropylidene dihydroxy-2,3 bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,4 butane (diop)

A chiral rhodium complex with (+)-diop as ligand is used as a catalyst in asymmetric synthesis leading to amines and N-acyl derivatives. Two kinds of reactions are investigated: asymetric hydrogenation of enamides and hydrosilylation of imines. Good optical yields are observed in the synthesis of N-acetyl -phnenylethylamine (e.e. 45%) and _N-acetyl -phenylpropylamine (e.e. 83%). A strong solvent effect is observed, which can reverse the absolute configuration of _tN-acetyl--phenylethylamine obtained by reduction of its enamide precursor. N-Benzyl--phenyl ethylamine is prepared by hydrosilylation with 65% optical purity. An asymmetric synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropapaverine (e.e 38%) and related compounds is described.     

Stereospecific synthesis of exo-allylic alcohol. An efficient asymmetric synthesis of (R)-(-)-2-acetyl-5,8-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthols

A method for the stereospecific synthesis of exo-allylic alcohols with trisubstituents is described. Using this methodology in combination with Sharpless catalytic asymmetric epoxidation, an efficient synthesis of (R)-(-)-2-acetyl-5,8-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-2-naphthol (5), an important intermediate for the anthracycline synthesis, has been accomplished in 36% overall yield from 5,8-dimethoxy-2-tetralone (6) with 93% e.e..     

有序介孔碳材料的软模板合成、结构改性与功能化

有序介孔碳材料在吸附、分离、催化以及能量存储/转化等方面具有广阔的应用前景。相较于复杂的硬模板路线,基于两亲性嵌段共聚物和聚合物前驱体间（如酚醛树脂）自组装的软模板路线是合成有序介孔碳材料更为有效的方法。本文讨论比较了溶剂挥发诱导自组装法、水相协同自组装法和无溶剂法等三种典型软模板路线的基本过程和特点,并介绍了近年来在新型碳前驱体应用、介孔碳的结构改性和功能化等方面的一些重要进展,最后总结了介孔碳的合成研究中所需解决的关键问题。     

Short and Efficient Syntheses of Protoberberine Alkaloids using Palladium‐Catalyzed Enolate Arylation

A concise synthesis of the biologically active alkaloid berberine is reported, and a versatile palladium‐catalyzed enolate arylation is used to form the isoquinoline core. The overall yield of 50 % is a large improvement over the single, previous synthesis. By design, this modular route allows the rapid synthesis of other members of the protoberberine family (e.g., pseudocoptisine and palmatine) by substitution of the readily available aryl bromide and ketone coupling partners. Moreover, by combining enolate arylation with in situ functionalization, substituents can be rapidly and regioselectively introduced at the alkaloid C13 position, as demonstrated by the total synthesis of dehydrocorydaline. The avoidance of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions to make the isoquinoline allows direct access to analogues possessing more varied electronic properties, such as the fluorine‐containing derivative synthesized here.     

A new short synthesis of 3-substituted 5-amino-1-(chloromethyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-benzo[e]indoles (amino-CBIs)

A new short synthesis of 3-substituted 5-amino-1-(chloromethyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-benzo[e]indoles from Martius Yellow is disclosed. The key steps of the synthesis were three efficient regioselective reactions (iodination, 5-exo-trig aryl radical-alkene cyclization and carboxylation).     

Synthesis of the Stereoisomers of the Sex Pheromones of the Southern Corn Rootworm

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Acetate coverage effect on the reactivity of vinyl acetate synthesis on Pd/Au alloy surfaces

Vinyl acetate (VA) synthesis on Pd/Au(111) and Pd/Au(100) surfaces has been systematically investigated through first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT results showed that for VA synthesis, the ‘Samanos’ reaction mechanism (i.e., direct coupling of coadsorbed ethylene and acetate species and subsequent β-hydride elimination to form VA) is more favorable than the ‘Moiseev’ mechanism (i.e., ethylene first dehydrogenates to form vinyl species which then couple with the coadsorbed acetate species to form VA). More importantly, it was found the surface coverage of acetate has a significant effect on the reactivity of VA synthesis, and the activation energy of the rate-controlling step on Pd/Au(100) surface is smaller than that on Pd/Au(111) surface (0.88 vs. 0.95 eV), indicating the former is more active than the latter.     

Total synthesis of asimicin via highly stereoselective [3 + 2] annulation reactions of substituted allylsilanes

A highly stereoselective total synthesis of (+)-asimicin (1) is reported. The synthesis features two chelate-controlled [3 + 2] annulation reactions-one of which (e.g., 2 + 3) constitutes a key, convergent fragment assembly step-that establish all of the stereochemistry of the bis-tetrahydrofuran unit of the natural product.     

Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of enantiomerically pure [60]fullerene tris-adducts with an inherently chiral e,e,e addition pattern

The synthesis and flash column chromatographic separation of enantiomerically pure tris-adducts of C60 with an e,e,e-addition pattern is achieved via cyclopropanation with chiral D3-symmetrical cyclo-tris(malonate) tethers.     

Photochemistry of Alkyltransition-Metal Complexes

Alkyltransition-metal complexes play an important role in catalytic processes (e.g. Ziegler-Natta low-pressure polymerization, hydroformylation, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis), in the biochemistry of humans and animals (e.g. coenzyme B₁₂), and in the classical theory of the chemical bond (e.g. multicenter bonding). The chemistry of alkyltransition-metal complexes is 30 years old, but only with the '70s came the understanding necessary for the systematic synthesis of thermally stable representatives of this class of compounds by blocking preferred decomposition pathways—e.g. β-hydrogen elimination—by the introduction of suitable ligands. In this article it is shown that thermally stable alkyltransition-metal complexes can be dealkylated under mild conditions (even at 12 K) with the help of UV light, thus producing highly reactive intermediates which can be trapped and used preparatively. Some alkyl complexes which do not react thermally with unsaturated compounds, e.g. olefins, under the influence of UV light display high activity as polymerization catalysts.